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"Latar Belakang : Ekstrak kismis telah dikenal sejak dahulu dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen, karena mengandung oleanolic acid yang telah terbukti dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri rongga mulut.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek antimikroba infusum Kismis terhadap Streptococcus mutans.Metode: Infusum Kismis dibuat dengan proses pemanasan 100oCselama 15 menit pada 50 gr kismis dalam 500ml air (konsentyrasi 10%), kemudian diopanaskan lagi sehingga larutan tersisa 50ml (konsentrasi 100%). Untuk penelitian ini dibuat infusum 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, dan 15% sesuai dengan prosedur yang benar. Efek antimikroba masing2 infusum kismis diperiksa dengan metode dilusi sehingga diperoleh nilai KHM dan KBM serta metode difusi sehingga diperoleh nilai Zona Hambatan terhadap 6 koloni streptococcus mutans.Hasil: Efek infusum Kismis terhadap Streptococcus mutans adalah sebagai berikut : Pada koloni 1 : zona hambatan 1,00 mm; KHM 30% /ml ,KBM 60% /ml ; koloni 2 : zona hambatan 1,50 mm; KHM 30% /ml ,KBM 60% /ml; koloni 3 : zona hambatan 1,00 mm; KHM 30% /ml ,KBM 60% /ml; koloni 4 : zona hambatan 0,50 mm; KHM 30% /ml ,KBM 60% /ml; koloni 5 : zona hambatan 1,00 mm; KHM 30% /ml ,KBM 60% /ml; koloni 6 : zona hambatan 1,00 mm; KHM 30% /ml ,KBM 60% /ml;Kesimpulan: Secara in vitro, infusum kismis dengan konsentrasi 30% bersifat bakteriostatik, sedangkan pada konsentrasi 60% bersifat bakterisid dengan rata-rata Zona hambatan 1,0625 mm.

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Background : Seedless Raisins has been known that it can inhibit the growth of pathogen bactery, because it contains of oleanolic acid that can inhibit the growth of oral pathogen.Objectives: The aim of the study is to determine the sensitivity of Infusum Raisins on mutans streptococci.Methods: Infusum is the product of the process of steeping Raisins for extraction of its medicinal principle. The effect of infusum Raisins was examined in vitro on the inhibit the bacterial growth by determining the inhibition zone (agar diffusion method), minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The microorganisms tested were composed 6 colony of Streptococcus mutans wild strain that taken from Oral Biology Laboratory of Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia, labeled as Streptococcus mutans1, Streptococcus mutans2, Streptococcus mutans3, Streptococcus mutans4,Streptococcus mutans5, Streptococcus mutans6. Data obtained was done in a descriptive method.Results: showed that Raisins?s Infusum had effect on all of mutans of Streptococcus mutans 1 (inhibition zone 1.00 mm; MIC 30% /ml ,MBC 60% /ml); Streptococcus mutans 2 (inhibition zone 1.50 mm; MIC 30%/ml ,MBC 60%/ml); Streptococcus mutans 3 (inhibition zone 1.00 mm; MIC 30%/ml ,MBC 60%/ml); Streptococcus mutans 4 (inhibition zone 0.50 mm; MIC 30%/ml ,MBC 60%/ml); Streptococcus mutans 5 (inhibition zone 1.00 mm; MIC 30%/ml ,MBC 60%/ml), Streptococcus mutans6 (inhibition zone 1.00 mm; MIC 30/ml ,MBC 60%/ml).Conclusion: We concluded that Raisins's Infusum has anti microbial activity against 6 colony of Streptococcus mutans in oral cavity, in vitro. Hence it may have potential anti-cariesproperty."

"Latar Belakang : Jambu air Semarang (Syzygium samarangenase) atau jambu cincalo telah terbukti dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen, karena mengandung senyawa Tannin dan Oleanolic acid.Tujuan: Penelitian ini untuk membuktikan daya antimikroba infusum Jambu air Semarang terhadap Streptococcus mutans.Metode: Infusum Jambu air Semarang dibuat dengan proses pemanasan 100o C selama 15 menit terhadap 50 gram jambu air semarang dalam 500 ml air, kemudian disaring untuk mendapatkan 500 ml larutan (konsentrasi 10%), dipanaskan lagi sehingga larutan tersisa 50 ml (konsentrasi 100%), untuk penelitian ini dibuat infusum 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, 20%, dan 15% sesuai prosedur yang benar. Efek antimikroba masing-masing konsentrasi infusum diperiksa dengan metode difusi serial dilusi sehingga diperoleh nilai KHM dan KBM serta metode difusi sehingga diperoleh nilai zona hambatan terhadap 6 koloni S.mutans.Hasil: Terhadap ke-6 koloni S.mutans diperoleh hasil sebagai berikut: KHM : 80%/ml dan KBM tidak diketahui serta rata-rata zona hambatan 1,533 mm.Kesimpulan: Secara in vitro, Infusum Jambu air Semarang dengan konsentrasi 80% berkhasiat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri S.mutans(efek bakteriostatik).

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Background : Wax apple (Syzygium samarangenase) has been known to prevent the growth of pathogen bacteria since anciety because it is contain fenol (tannin) and oleanolic acid which had been proved to prevent the growth of bacteria.Objectives: This research are for determine the antimicroba activity of Wax apple?s infusum on Streptococcus mutans.Methods: Wax apple?s infusum was made by the process of steeping seedless 50 gram Wax apple in 500 ml water, to see it?s medicinal properties after getting 100% concentration of solution. After that we made 80%, 60%, 40%, 30%, 20%, and 15% infusum. The antimicrobial activity of wax apple?s infusum was examined by dilution method to get the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and diffusion method to get the inhibition zone to 6 colony of S.mutans. Data obtained from this research in a descriptive method.Results: Effect of Wax apple?s infusum on Streptococcus mutans are : Streptococcus mutans type 1 inhibition zone 1,5 mm; MIC 80% /ml ,MBC unknown; Streptococcus mutans type 2 inhibition zone 1,5 mm; MIC 80% /ml ,MBC unknown; Streptococcus mutans type 3 inhibition zone 1,4 mm; MIC 80% /ml ,MBC unknown; Streptococcus mutans type 4 inhibition zone 1,6 mm; MIC 80% /ml ,MBC unknown; Streptococcus mutans type 5 inhibition zone 1,7 mm; MIC 80% /ml ,MBC unknown; Streptococcus mutan type 6 inhibition zone 1,5 mm; MIC 80% /ml ,MBC unknown;Conclusion: We conclude that Wax apple?s Infusum has anti microbial activity against Mutans Streptococci, in vitro. Hence it may have potential anticariesproperty."

"Latar Belakang: Celah bibir dan palatum (CLP) merupakan salah satu kelainan kongenital yang menghasilkan defek jaringan lunak maupun jaringan keras dan membutuhkan perawatan rekonstruksi tulang alveolar dan palatum. Celah bibir dan palatum dianggap berasal dari anomali proliferasi sel akibat faktor genetika. Autologous bone graft adalah baku emas untuk memperbaiki defek tulang palatum pada pasien CLP. Namun demikian, perawatan tersebut membutuhkan prosedur yang invasif. Perawatan melalui rekayasa jaringan dapat menjadi alternatif perawatan. Rekonstruksi tulang alveolar melalui rekayasa jaringan membutuhkan jumlah sel yang banyak sehingga kapasitas proliferasi sel punca merupakan aspek penting dalam penerapan klinis. Sel punca pulpa gigi sulung (SHED) dan sel punca pulpa gigi permanen (DPSCs) dapat menjadi sumber sel yang ideal karena memiliki kapasitas proliferasi yang tinggi, kemampuan diferensiasi ke berbagai tipe sel, isolasi yang mudah, dan aksesibilitas yang baik. Namun, kapasitas proliferasi SHED dan DPSCs pasien CLP belum diketahui.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kapasitas proliferasi SHED dan DPSCs pasien celah bibir dan palatum.Metode: SHED dan DPSCs dari pasien CLP dikultur hingga mencapai 70%-80% confluent. Kapasitas proliferasi sel setelah dikultur selama 24 jam, 48 jam, dan 72 jam dianalisis melalui uji MTT.Hasil: SHED setelah dikultur 24 jam menunjukkan nilai rata-rata optical density yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p<0,05). SHED dan DPSCs setelah dikultur 48 jam dan 72 jam tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nilai rata-rata optical density secara statistik (p>0,05).Kesimpulan: SHED pasien CLP memiliki kapasitas proliferasi lebih tinggi secara signifikan hanya pada 24 jam pertama. Pada 48 jam dan 72 jam pertama, SHED dan DPSCs pasien CLP memiliki kesamaan kapasitas proliferasi.

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Background: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) is one of orofacial congenital malformations that results in both soft tissue and hard tissue defect. It requires reconstruction of the maxillary alveolar cleft. Cleft lip and palate is thought to be came from anomalies of cell proliferation caused by genetic factors. Autologous bone graft have been the gold standard treatment to repair maxillary alveolar and palate clefts. However, such treatment needs an invasive procedure that may induce pain. To overcome those disadvantages, tissue engineering has received attention to be new alternative treatment.

Reconstruction of maxillary alveolar cleft requires huge number of stem cells so that proliferative capacity is important traits before clinical application. Stem Cells from Exfoliateed Deciduous Teeth (SHED) and Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) can be ideal sources of stem cell since they are known to have high proliferative capacity, multilineage differentiation, ease of isolation, and well accesibility. However, proliferative capacity of SHED and DPSCs isolated from CLP patients have not yet known.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare proliferative capacity between cultured stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth and dental pulp stem cells isolated from cleft lip and palate patients.

Methods: SHED and DPSCs isolated from cleft patient were cultured until it reached 70%-80% confluency. Proliferative capacity after culturing for 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours were analyzed using MTT Assay.

Results: SHED after culturing for 24 hours showed higher optical density average value significantly (p<0,05). SHED and DPSCs after culturing for 48 hours and 72 hours has no difference optical density average value significantly (p>0,05).

Conclusions: SHED from cleft patients showed higher proliferative capacity significantly only on first 24 hours culturing. SHED and DPSCs have similar proliferative capacity on 48 hous and 72 hours culturing."

"ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Propolis telah diketahui dapat mencegah terjadinya karies. Perlu

penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai efektifitas antibakteri propolis, yaitu dengan

pengujian aktivitas laktoperoksidase. Tujuan: Mengetahui efektifitas permen

propolis madu yang dilihat dari aktivitas laktoperoksidase pada saliva tanpa

stimulasi. Metode: Disain penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratorik yaitu

pretest-posttest dan menggunakan sampel saliva yang diambil dari 120 subjek.

Sampel saliva yang dikumpulkan kemudian ditambahkan dengan Kalium Iodida,

Buffer fosfat, dan Hidrogen peroksida. Aktivitas laktoperoksidase ditunjukkan

dengan nilai absorbansi yang dihitung menggunakan microplate reader pada panjang

gelombang 340 nm. Hasil: Uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh permen

propolis madu terhadap aktivitas laktoperoksidase tidak signifikan (p>0.05).

Kesimpulan: Permen propolis madu memiliki kecendrungan meningkatkan aktivitas

laktoperoksidase, walaupun secara statistik tidak signifikan.

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ABSTRACT

Background: Propolis is well known for preventing caries. Further study is needed

to test the antibacterial effectivity of propolis through lactoperoxidase activity.

Objective: This research was purposed to determine the effectivity of honey propolis

hard candy which is shown by salivary lactoperoxidase activity in unstimulated

saliva. Methods: This study design was pretest-posttest laboratory experimental

design. This study used saliva which is collected from 120 subjects. Collected saliva

is then reacted with Potassium Iodide, Phosphate Buffer, and Hydrogen Peroxide.

Salivary lactoperoxidase activity is shown by absorbance value which is calculated

by microplate reader at wavelength 340 nm. Result: Honey propolis hard candy

increase salivary lactoperoxidase activity although statistically not significant

(p>0.05). Conclusion: Honey propolis hard candy has tendency to increase salivary

lactiperoxidase activity."

"Latar belakang: Telah terbukti propolis memiliki sifat antibakteri. Pemanfaatan propolis yang sedang dikembangkan oleh Universitas Indonesia adalah permen propolis madu yang diduga dapat mempengaruhi aktivitas mieloperoksidase saliva. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh konsumsi permen propolis madu terhadap aktivitas mieloperoksidase pada saliva tanpa stimulasi. Metode: Aktivitas mieloperoksidase dianalisis berdasarkan nilai absorbansi yang diukur menggunakan microplate reader dengan panjang gelombang 450 nm. Pengukuran aktivitas mieloperoksidase berdasarkan perubahan warna oksidasi DAB (3,3 diaminobenzidine) dan guaiacol. Hasil: Permen propolis madu memiliki kecenderungan meningkatkan aktivitas mieloperoksidase, namun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Kesimpulan: Efek permen propolis madu tidak mempengaruhi aktivitas mieloperoksidase, sehingga aktivitas mieloproksidase dalam saliva dapat bekerja optimal dan tidak mengganggu keseimbangan rongga mulut."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: S.mutans merupakan salah satu mikroorganisme palingberpengaruh terhadap terjadinya karies gigi. Propolis, suatu zat resin yangdiproduksi oleh lebah memiliki aktivitas inhibitorik terhadap S.mutans. Tujuan: Menganalisis efek permen propolis madu terhadap profil protein S.mutans yang diisolasi dari saliva. Metode: Profil protein S.mutans dianalisis dengan metode SDS PAGE. Hasil: Setelah mengonsumsi permen X dan permen madu frekuensiekspresi protein GbpA meningkat dan frekuensi ekspresi protein GtfB dan GbpB menurun. Setelah mengonsumsi permen propolis madu dan permen madu frekuensi ekspresi protein GbpC meningkat dan frekuensi ekspresi protein AgI/II dan GtfC menurun. Kesimpulan: Terjadi perubahan profil protein S.mutans setelah pengonsumsian permen propolis madu, permen X dan permen madu.Frekuensi ekspresi protein AgI/II, GtfC dan GbpA menurun sedangkan frekuensi ekspresi protein GtfB, GbpB, GbpC, GbpD meningkat setelah mengonsumsi permen propolis madu. Frekuensi ekspresi protein GtfB dan GbpB menurun sedangkan frekuensi ekspresi protein AgI/II, GtfD, GbpA, GbpC meningkat setelah mengonsumsi permen X. Frekuensi ekspresi protein AgI/II, GtfB, GtfC, GbpB, GbpC dan GbpD menurun sedangkan frekuensi ekspresi protein GbpA meningkat setelah mengonsumsi permen madu. Permen X dan pemen madu memiliki efek yang mirip dalam mengubah profil protein S.mutans. Sedangkanpermen propolis madu memiliki efek yang berbeda.

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ABSTRACTBackground: S.mutans is one of the most influential microorganism on dental caries development. Propolis, a resin produced by bees, has a strong inhibitoric activity on S.mutans growth. Objective: To analyze the effect of propolis honey candy to S.mutans protein profile isolated from saliva. Method: S.mutans protein profile was analyzed by SDS PAGE method. Results: After X candy and honey candy consumption, GbpA protein expression frequency increased, GbpB and GtfB protein expression frequency decreased. After propolis honey candy and honey candy consumption, GbpC protein expression frequency increased, AgI/IIand GtfC protein expression frequency decreased. Conclussion: S.mutans protein profile was altered after propolis honey candy, X candy and honey candy consumption. AgI/II, GtfC, GbpA protein expression frequency decreased while GtfB, GbpB, GbpC, GbpD protein expression frequency increased after propolishoney candy consumption. GtfB, GbpB protein expression frequency decreased while AgI/II, GtfD, GbpA, GbpC protein expression frequency increased after X candy consumption. AgI/II, GtfB, GtfC, GbpB, GbpC, GbpD protein expression frequency decreased and GbpA protein expression frequency increased after honey candy consumption. X candy and honey candy have similar effect in altering S.mutans protein, while propolis honey candy has different effect."

"[Udang kering adalah sumber daya alam Indonesia yang mudah diperoleh dan didugamengandung kalsium yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuikadar kalsium udang (Macrobrachium sp.) dan pengaruh metode preparasi (ovendan non oven) dan isolasi (pengocokan, digesti asam, dan pengabuan) terhadappengukuran kadar kalsium menggunakan AAS dan ISE. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan kadar kalsium tertinggi diperoleh dengan metode isolasi digesti asam,yaitu 7.749 ppm (oven) dan 8.853 ppm (non oven). Terdapat perbedaan hasilpengukuran kalsium antar metode preparasi dan antar metode isolasi. Metodepreparasi berkorelasi kuat dengan hasil pengukuran kalsium. (r2=0,878; p<0,05);Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia?s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05), Dried shrimps is one of Indonesia’s natural resources which easily obtained andassumed to contain high calcium. This research aims to know the calcium level inMacrobrachium sp. and the effects of preparation (oven and non oven) and isolation(dilution, acid digestion, and ashing) methods in calcium level measurement by AASand ISE. Results showed that the highest calcium level was obtained by aciddigestion isolation which are 7,749 ppm (oven) and 8,853 ppm (non oven). Therewere calcium level differences between preparation methods, and among isolationmethods. Preparation methods have strong correlation with calcium levelmeasurement. (r2=0.878, p<0.05)]"