Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"

Pelayanan antenatal merupakan program penting guna menurunkan angka kematian ibu. Pada tahun 2021, Kementerian Kesehatan RI menetapkan kebijakan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan antenatal menjadi minimal 6 kali selama kehamilan. Akan tetapi pada tahun 2023, cakupan antenatal K6 di Indonesia baru mencapai 17,6%. Salah satu faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal K6 adalah pemberdayaan perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberdayaan perempuan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal di Indonesia, sekaligus mengembangkan indeks pemberdayaan perempuan yang komprehensif menggunakan data SDKI tahun 2017.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cakupan antenatal K6 di Indonesia pada tahun 2017 adalah 5,4% (95% CI: 4,9-5,9). Akan tetapi perlu ditekankan bahwa pada tahun 2017 belum ditetapkan kebijakan antenatal K6 sehingga cakupannya masih rendah. Berdasarkan hasil principal component analysis, diketahui bahwa pemberdayaan perempuan dapat digambarkan melalui 5 dimensi. Rata-rata skor pemberdayaan perempuan Indonesia tahun 2017 berdasarkan masing-masing dimensi adalah 83,98 untuk dimensi sikap terhadap pemukulan istri, 62,59 untuk dimensi pengambilan keputusan, 56,60 untuk dimensi pendidikan, 33,42 untuk dimensi kontrol atas hubungan seksual, dan 41,61 untuk dimensi kontrol atas sumber daya. Adapun rata-rata indeks pemberdayaan perempuan di Indonesia secara keseluruhan adalah 50,37. Pemberdayaan perempuan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal dengan nilai AOR sebesar 1,70 (95% CI: 1,27-2,27). Dimensi yang berhubungan signifikan adalah dimensi sikap terhadap pemukulan istri tinggi (AOR: 2,73), pengambilan keputusan tinggi (AOR: 1,48), pendidikan sedang (AOR: 1,61), pendidikan tinggi (AOR: 1,85), kontrol atas hubungan seksual tinggi (AOR: 0,58), dan kontrol atas sumber daya sedang (AOR: 1,49). Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan perempuan di Indonesia.

---

Antenatal care is an important program to reduce maternal mortality. In 2021, the Indonesian Ministry of Health established a policy to increase the number of antenatal visits to a minimum of 6 times during pregnancy. However, in 2023, K6 antenatal coverage in Indonesia only reach 17.6%. One factor that can influence the utilization of K6 antenatal utilization is women’s empowerment. This research aims to determine the relationship between women’s empowerment and the antenatal care utilization in Indonesia, as well as developing a comprehensive women’s empowerment index using 2017 IDHS data.

The results show that K6 antenatal coverage in Indonesia in 2017 was 5.4% (95% CI: 4.9-5.9). However, it needs to be emphasized that in 2017 the K6 antenatal policy had not been established so coverage was still low. Based on the results of the principal component analysis, it is known that women’s empowerment can be described through 5 dimensions. The average score for Indonesian women’s empowerment in 2017 based on each dimension was 83.98 for the attitude towards wife beating, 62.59 for the decision-making, 56.60 for the education, 33.42 for the control over sexual relations, and 41.61 for the control over resources. The average women’s empowerment index in Indonesia as a whole is 50.37. Women’s empowerment has a significant relationship with the antenatal care utilization with an AOR value of 1.70 (95% CI: 1.27-2.27). The dimensions that were significantly related were the high score in dimensions of attitudes towards wife beating (AOR: 2.73), high scoce in decision making (AOR: 1.48), moderate score in education (AOR: 1.61), high score in education (AOR: 1.85), high score in control over sexual relations (AOR: 0.58), and moderate score in control over resources (AOR: 1.49). Therefore, efforts need to be made to increase women’s empowerment in Indonesia.

"

"Masih banyaknya persalinan di rumah merupakan salah satu penyebab tingginya angka kematian maternal di Indonesia. Antenatal care merupakan sarana kontak pertama ibu hamil dengan tenaga kesehatan secara rutin. Melalui antenatal care tenaga kesehatan dapat memotivasi ibu hamil untuk mempersiapkan persalinannya dengan tenaga kesehatan di fasilitas kesehatan. Komponen antenatal yang lengkap dapat memotivasi ibu hamil untuk kembali memanfaatkan pelayanan tersebut untuk persalinan. Penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peran antenatal care dapat mempengaruhi ibu untuk memilih melahirkan di fasilitas kesehatan. Penelitian cross-sectional ini menggunakan data sekunder Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2012 dengan mengukur konten-konten ANC yang diterima ibu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada asosiasi positif antara pemanfaatan antenatal care yang adekuat dengan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan. Ibu dengan ANC adekuat berpeluang 6,6 kali untuk bersalin di fasilitas kesehatan (OR adjusted = 6,6, 95% CI: 4,8 - 9,1). Sedangkan ibu dengan ANC inadekuat berpeluang 2,8 kali lebih besar untuk bersalin di fasilitas kesehatan dibandingkan ibu yang tidak ANC (OR adjusted = 2,8, 95% CI: 1,9 - 4,0).

---

The progress in reducing maternal mortality has been slow in Indonesia. Maternal mortality could be reduced if all women had a skilled institutional delivery. Antenatal care (ANC) is the first and regular contact between pregnant woman and health professionals. The adequate antenatal care may play an indirect role by motivating (encouraging) women to have a skilled institutional delivery.

The objective of this study is to investigate the role of antenatal care in motivating women to have a skilled institutional delivery. This cross sectional study measures the adequacy of antenatal care using Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey 2012.

This study shows a positive association between adequate ANC and skilled institutional delivery. Women with adequate ANC were significantly more likely to deliver in health facility rather than women with no ANC (OR adjusted = 6,6, 95% CI: 4,8 - 9,1). Meanwhile, women with inadequate ANC were also significantly more likely to deliver in health facility rather than women with no ANC (OR adjusted = 2,8, 95% CI: 1,9 - 4,0)."

"Persalinan dengan tenaga kesehatan dapat menurunkan Angka Kematian Ibu. Cakupan persalinan dengan tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia sudah mencapai 87,1. Akan tetapi, masih di bawah target Kemenkes 2013 dan terdapat perbedaan cakupan di berbagai provinsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kunjungan ANC sesuai standar dengan pemilihan tenaga kesehatan sebagai penolong persalinan. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional. Sampel merupakan sampel pada Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia SDKI tahun 2012, yaitu ibu usia 15-49 tahun berstatus menikah yang melahirkan anak lahir hidup setahun sebelum survei sejumlah 2.986 responden. Data dianalisis dengan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua ibu memilih tenaga kesehatan sebagai penolong persalinan 93,9 . Hubungan kunjungan ANC sesuai standar dengan pemilihan tenaga kesehatan sebagai penolong persalinan berbeda menurut wilayah tinggal, ibu yang melakukan K4 dan mendapatkan pelayanan 7T lengkap memiliki peluang paling besar untuk memilih tenaga kesehatan sebagai penolong persalinan dibandingkan dengan ibu yang tidak melakukan K4 dan tidak mendapatkan pelayanan 7T lengkap. Usia, tingkat pendidikan, pengambil keputusan, kuintil indeks kekayaan, paritas, komplikasi, kepemilikan asuransi, dan perencanaan persalinan merupakan confounder.

---

Delivery with skilled birth attendants SBAs can lower maternal mortality rates. By 2013, the utilization of SBAs in Indonesia had reached 87.1 . However, the utilization of SBAs in 2013 was still below the target of the Ministry of Health, and there were gaps in utilization across provinces. The aim of this study was to determine the association of standardized antenatal care ANC with the utilization of SBAs.

The study design was cross sectional. The study sample consisted of respondents N 2,986 to the 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey IDHS i.e., married women aged 15 ndash 49 years who had a live birth a year prior to the survey. The data were analyzed by logistic regression.

The results showed that almost all women 93.9 utilized SBAs. The association of standardized ANC with the utilization of SBAs differed according to region, with women who attended four ANC visits and received the full complement of ANC services having the greatest opportunity to choose health workers as birth attendants as compared with women who did not attend all ANC visits and did not receive all components of ANC services. Age, education level, joint decision maker, wealth index quintile, parity, pregnancy and delivery related complications, insurance, and birth preparedness were confounders."

"Angka kematian ibu di Indonesia masih tergolong tinggi. Penyebab langsung kematian ibu umumnya adalah trias pendarahan-infeksi-eklampsia yang berhubungan dengan rendahnya status gizi dan kesehatan ibu hamil yang diakibatkan berbagai faktor. Pelayanan antenatal merupakan komponen yang diperlukan bagi upaya mempertahankan kesehatan ibu yang perlu terus dimantapkan, bahkan lebih ditingkatkan baik cakupan maupun kualitas pelayanan dalam upaya akselerasi penurunan angka kematian ibu.  Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu penelitian  mengenai kualitas pelayanan antenatal yang kali ini dihubungkan dengan pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku ibu hamil mengenai nutrisi kemilan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan desain survei dengan pendekatan cross-sectiona lterhadap ibu hamil di Puskesmas Kecamatan Koja Kodya Jakarta Utara, pada Januari 2013 hingga Juli 2013, dengan menggunakan convenience sampling. Analisis korelasi Spearman digunakan untuk melihat keterkaitan antar variabel.  Hasil menunjukan tidak terdapat hubungan antara kualitas pelayanan antenatal dengan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku ibu hamil mengenai nutrisi kehamilan. Mayoritas ibu hamil (57,8%) belum mendapatkan pelayanan antenatal yang baik, namun demikian mayoritas ibu hamil (63,3%) sudah mendapatkan kualitas pelayanan antenatal yang baik mengenai nutrisi kehamilan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kualitas pelayanan antenatal mengenai nutrisi kehamilan dengan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku ibu hamil mengenai nutrisi kehamilan. Mayoritas ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku yang baik mengenai nutrisi kehamilan.

---

Nowadays, Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia is still high. The direct cause of maternal death is the triage haemorrhage-infection-eclampsia. Further findings show that this direct cause are related to the low nutrition and health status which caused by many factors. Antenatal care is a component needed to sustain maternal health must be established even improved. Therefore, a research on quality of antenatal care toward knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant woman about nutrition during pregnancy is needed.This research used survey design and cross-sectional approach toward pregnant women in Puskesmas Kecamatan Koja Kodya Jakarta Utara, from January 2013 to July 2013 by using convenience sampling. Spearman’s correlation analysis is used to measurecorrelation between variables. The result shows that there is no correlation between quality of antenatal care toward knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant woman about nutrition during pregnancy. Majority of the respondents (57.8%) do not get a good quality of antenatal care, but the majority of respondents(63,3%)have received a good quality of antenatal care about nutrition during pregnancy. Most of the respondents have good knowledge, attitude and practice about nutrition during pregnancy.

 

Keywords:  antenatal care, knowledge, attitude, practice, pregnant woman, nutrition, pregnancy

"

"[ABSTRAKIbu hamil risiko tinggi rentan mengalami kecemasan dan depresi yang berdampak pada kelekatannya dengan janin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan kelekatan ibu dan janin pada ibu hamil risiko tinggi. Penelitian cross sectional ini melibatkan 108 ibu hamil risiko tinggi yang dipilih menggunakan consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan kelekatan ibu dan janin pada ibu hamil risiko tinggi (p=0.003). Ibu dengan dukungan sosial tinggi berpeluang 3,9 kali mempunyai kelekatan tinggi dengan janinnya dibandingkan ibu yang dukungan sosialnya rendah setelah dikontrol depresi (OR=3.9; 95% CI=1.66-8.99). Hasil penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa aspek psikososial perlu lebih diperhatikan dalam perawatan ibu hamil sehingga status sejahtera bagi ibu dan bayi dapat dicapai.

---

ABSTRACTHigh risk pregnant women tend to experience anxiety and depression that occur prenatal attachment dismissed. This study aimed to identify the relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women. This cross sectional study involved 108 high risk pregnant women which selected by consecutive sampling. The result showed that there is relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women (p= 0,003). Pregnant women with high social support had prenatal attachment 3,9 times higher than women with low social support after controlled by depression (OR= 3,9; 95% CI=1.66-8.99). This finding confirms that the psychosocial aspects need to be considered in the antenatal care in order to achieve the wellness status for both mother and the baby.;High risk pregnant women tend to experience anxiety and depression that occur prenatal attachment dismissed. This study aimed to identify the relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women. This cross sectional study involved 108 high risk pregnant women which selected by consecutive sampling. The result showed that there is relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women (p= 0,003). Pregnant women with high social support had prenatal attachment 3,9 times higher than women with low social support after controlled by depression (OR= 3,9; 95% CI=1.66-8.99). This finding confirms that the psychosocial aspects need to be considered in the antenatal care in order to achieve the wellness status for both mother and the baby.;High risk pregnant women tend to experience anxiety and depression that occur prenatal attachment dismissed. This study aimed to identify the relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women. This cross sectional study involved 108 high risk pregnant women which selected by consecutive sampling. The result showed that there is relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women (p= 0,003). Pregnant women with high social support had prenatal attachment 3,9 times higher than women with low social support after controlled by depression (OR= 3,9; 95% CI=1.66-8.99). This finding confirms that the psychosocial aspects need to be considered in the antenatal care in order to achieve the wellness status for both mother and the baby., High risk pregnant women tend to experience anxiety and depression that occur prenatal attachment dismissed. This study aimed to identify the relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women. This cross sectional study involved 108 high risk pregnant women which selected by consecutive sampling. The result showed that there is relationship between social support and prenatal attachment among high risk pregnant women (p= 0,003). Pregnant women with high social support had prenatal attachment 3,9 times higher than women with low social support after controlled by depression (OR= 3,9; 95% CI=1.66-8.99). This finding confirms that the psychosocial aspects need to be considered in the antenatal care in order to achieve the wellness status for both mother and the baby.]"

"Antenatal care merupakan layanan kesehatan kepada ibu hamil, bertujuan menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas serta untuk meningkatkan kesehatan yang optimal pada masa kehamilan. Wanita hamil harus memiliki akses terhadap perawatan ANC yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kualitas pelayanan ANC Kabupaten Tegal, dengan menggunakan kerangka konsep Donabedian. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kategorik dengan pendekatan cross sectional melalui metode observasi. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling dengan responden bidan yang melakukan layanan ANC sebanyak 30 orang di 15 puskesmas kecamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas layanan ANC pada 15 puskesmas kecamatan di kabupaten Tegal baik, secara struktur/sarana prasarana kualitas baik 100, pada proses/SOP ANC terdapat 66,7 bidan melaksanakan ANC dengan kualitas baik dan 33,3 kurang baik serta pada outcome/manajemen ANC baik 100. Peneliti berpendapat perlu adanya monitoring dan evaluasi yang kontinyu terhadap pelaksanaan layanan ANC.

---

Antenatal care is a type of healthcare provided for pregnant women with the goal of reducing morbidity and mortality and promoting optimal health throughout the pregnancy. Expectant mother should be facilitated with access to a high quality antenatal care.

This study aimed to identify descriptive of quality of antenatal care in Tegal district by utilizing Donabedian framework. The study design was descriptive with cross sectional approach through observation method. 30 midwives who provided antenatal care in 15 health centers were selected through total sampling method.

The result demonstrated that quality of antenatal care in 15 health centers was good, 100 good in terms of structure, 66.7 of midwives provided antenatal care with a good quality in terms of procedure, and 100 good in terms of outcome management. The study recommends the need for continuous monitoring and evaluation of antenatal care implementation."

"Kehamilan dan persalinan merupakan proses alamiah, namun ibu mungkin menghadapi penyulit. Kematian ibu bisa menjadi hasil akhirnya bila tidak tertangani dengan baik. Hal ini dapat dicegah apabila pelayanan antenatal dilakukan secara rutin dan terpadu yang melibatkan suami, sehingga kesehatan ibu terpantau serta persiapan persalinan dan pencegahan komplikasi dijalankan. Pemerintah telah mengupayakan pelayanan kesehatan ibu, namun belum dimanfaatkan optimal, berdasarkan hasil cakupan pelayanan kehamilan dan persalinan yang belum memenuhi target Renstra Kementerian Kesehatan 2010-2014. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan partisipasi suami dengan pemanfaatan layanan kunjungan antenatal di Indonesia. Penelitian dengan pendekatan cross sectional, menggunakan data SDKI 2012. WUS yang melahirkan anak lahir hidup satu tahun sebelum survei menjadi populasi. Besar sampel 504 responden. Partisipasi suami dalam masa kehamilan diukur berdasarkan pendampingan suami saat kunjungan antenatal, diskusi tentang kehamilan, dan persiapan persalinan serta pencegahan komplikasi. Sedangkan kunjungan antenatal didasarkan atas jadual kunjungan rekomendasi WHO. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Pemanfaatan layanan kunjungan antenatal lengkap sesuai jadwal rekomendasi minimal (1-1-2) di Indonesia Tahun 2012 75,8% dan partisipasi suami tergolong tinggi sebesar 94,8%. Hasil uji regresi logistik menunjukkan ibu dengan suami yang berpartisipasi tinggi, berpeluang 2,29 kali untuk melakukan kunjungan antenatal lengkap (95% CI 0,997-5,267) dibanding ibu dengan suami berpartisipasi rendah setelah dikontrol pendidikan ibu. Namun, secara statistik tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara partisipasi suami dengan pemanfaatan layanan kunjungan antenatal di Indonesia. Pendidikan ibu merupakan determinan pemanfaatan layanan kunjungan antenatal dan berhubungan dengan partisipasi suami dalam masa kehamilan di Indonesia. Diseminasi pengetahuan yang tepat sesuai karakteristik serta upaya untuk mengoptimalkan partisipasi suami diperlukan untuk mencapai target pemanfaatan layanan kunjungan antenatal di Indonesia.

---

Pregnancy and labor are natural processes, but women may face complications. Maternal death can be the result if it is not handled properly. It can be prevented if antenatal care was done continuity and integrated by involving the husband. So the mother's health is monitored, also birth preparedness and complication readiness is well planned. The government has performed maternal health services, but not utilized optimally yet, based on coverage rate of pregnancy and delivery services that still well below the target set by Ministry of Health in 2010-2014.

The purpose of this study is to identify the association between husband's participation and utilization of antenatal services in Indonesia. Research done using cross sectional approach, by analyzing Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey 2012. Women which give birth one year before survey become population. Sample size was 504 respondents. Husband's participation was measured by husband's assistance during antenatal visits, discussions about pregnancy, and birth preparedness and complication readiness. Which antenatal services was determined by WHO's recommendation schedule. Data were analyzed using logistic regression test. In Indonesia, the utilization of completed antenatal visits was 75,8% and husband's high participation was 94,8% in 2012.

The logistic regression analysis revealed that mother with highly husband participation were more likely to completed antenatal visits (OR= 2,29; 95% Cl: 0,997-5,267) than mother with low husband participation, after controlled mother's education level. Mother's education level were determinants of antenatal services utilization and had association with utilization of antenatal services in Indonesia. Proper dissemination of knowledge according to the characteristics and efforts to optimize husband's participation are needed in order to reach the target of utilization in antenatal services."

"Jumlah kematian ibu di Kota Depok meningkat dari 26 wanita di tahun 2020 menjadi 35 wanita di tahun 2021. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan AKI adalah melalui pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal. Kementerian Kesehatan telah mengembangkan peraturan baru mengenai standar kunjungan pelayanan antenatal, yaitu K6. Namun, cakupan K1 dan K4 saja masih menunjukkan ketidaksesuaian angka sehingga besar kemungkinan adanya drop out pada cakupan K6 di Kota Depok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal pada ibu hamil di puskesmas yang berada di wilayah Kecamatan Pancoran Mas Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross sectional. Besar sampel penelitian adalah 100 responden. Data dikumpulkan pada bulan Mei–Juni menggunakan kuesioner kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal K6 adalah usia (p=0.022), tingkat pendidikan (p=0.005), pengetahuan (p=0.018), sikap (p=0.031), dukungan suami (p=0.010), dan dukungan tenaga kesehatan (p=0.044). Sementara itu, faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan antenatal K6 adalah pekerjaan (p=0.759), paritas (p=1.000), jarak kehamilan (p=0.616), aksesibilitas (p=1.000), dan penilaian individu (p=1.000). Puskesmas dapat meningkatkan upaya promotif tentang pentingnya pelayanan ANC pada calon pengantin dan PUS melalui sesi konseling, memanfaatkan media sosial yang dimiliki oleh puskesmas, dan meningkatkan pengetahuan suami atau keluarga melalui kelas ibu hamil.

---

The number of maternal deaths in Depok has increased from 26 women in 2020 to 35 women in 2021. Antenatal care utilization is one effort that can be made to reduce MMR. The Ministry of Health has developed a new regulation regarding standard antenatal care visits, namely K6 coverage. However, the K1 and K4 coverage alone still shows discrepancies in numbers so there is a high possibility of dropping out of the K6 coverage in Depok. The purpose of this study was to examine the factors related to the use of antenatal care for pregnant women at the health centers in Pancoran Mas District, Depok. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. The size of the research sample is 100 respondents. Data were collected in May–June using a questionnaire and then analyzed by univariate and bivariate with the chi-square test. The results showed that factors related to the utilization of K6 antenatal services were age (p=0.022), education level (p=0.005), knowledge (p=0.018), attitude (p=0.031), husband's support (p=0.010), and health workers’s support (p=0.044). Meanwhile, factors that were not related were occupation (p=0.759), parity (p=1.000), gestation interval (p=0.616), accessibility (p=1.000), and individual assessment (p=1.000). Health centers should increase health promotion regarding the importance of ANC services for prospective brides and fertile age couples through counseling, utilize social media owned by puskesmas, and increase the knowledge of husbands or families through classes on pregnant women."

"Angka kematian bayi akibat makrosomia meningkat 0,1% menurut Data Survey Demografi Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. Sementara itu, komplikasi persalinan ibu meningkat dari 35% pada tahun 2012 menjadi 41% pada tahun 2017. Dengan menggunakan data dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia, penelitian ini menyelidiki hubungan antara pemeriksaan kehamilan (antenatal care) dan variabel kejadian makrosomia dengan faktor pembaur (confounding) yakni Umur Ibu, Pekerjaan Ibu, Lokasi Tempat Tinggal Ibu, Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu, Status Sosial Ekonomi, Tempat Pemeriksaan saat kehamilan, dan Tenaga Pemeriksaan Kehamilan. Penelitian ini memakai metode penelitian kuantitatif observasional analitik melalui teknik cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel independen memiliki korelasi yang signifikan dengan variabel dependen, yaitu kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan dengan standar 10T yang dilakukan pada pasien ibu hamil dengan faktor konfounding-nya status pekerjaan ibu, daerah tempat tinggal ibu, dan tempat pemeriksaan kehamilan serta variabel interaksi antara daerah tempat tinggal dengan kuantitas ANC. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ibu yang tidak mendapatkan kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan yang sesuai standar berisiko 1,304 (95% CI 1,096-1,551) kali memiliki bayi makrosomia dibandingkan dengan ibu yang mendapatkan kualitas pemeriksaan kehamilan yang sesuai standar. Pada faktor konfounding yang paling berisiko pada kejadian makrosomia adalah daerah tempat tinggal dengan POR=1,692 (95% CI 1,358- 2,109) artinya ibu yang tinggal di desa berisiko 1,692 kali memiliki bayi makrosomia dibandingkan ibu tinggal di kota.

---

The infant mortality rate due to macrosomia increased by 0.1% according to the 2017 Indonesian Demographic Health Survey Data. Meanwhile, maternal birth complications increased from 35% in 2012 to 41% in 2017. Using data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey, this research investigate the relationship between antenatal care and macrosomia incidence variables with confounding factors, namely maternal age, maternal occupation, maternal residence location, maternal education level, socio-economic status, examination location during pregnancy, and prenatal examination personnel. This research uses quantitative observational analytical research methods using cross-sectional techniques. The results of the study show that the independent variable has a significant correlation with the dependent variable, namely the quality of pregnancy examinations with the 10T standard carried out on pregnant women with the confounding factors being the mother's employment status, the area where the mother lives, and the place of pregnancy examination as well as the interaction variable between regions. residence with ANC quantity. The results of the analysis show that mothers who do not receive quality pregnancy checks that meet standards have a 1.304 (95% CI 1.096-1.551) risk of having macrosomia babies compared to mothers who get quality pregnancy checks that meet standards. The confounding factor that is most at risk for the incidence of macrosomia is the area of residence with POR=1.692 (95% CI 1.358-2.109) meaning that mothers who live in villages are 1.692 times more likely to have macrosomia babies than mothers who live in cities."

"Pengetahuan mengenai faktor risiko dan tanda bahaya kehamilan akan memotivasi ibu hamil untuk merawat kehamilannya dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang faktor risiko dan tanda bahaya kehamilan dengan perilaku merawat kehamilan pada ibu primigravida. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif korelatif cross sectional diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji chi-square. Jumlah sampel 106 responden dari tujuh puskesmas di wilayah Depok pada bulan April - Juni 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara pengetahuan tentang faktor risiko dan tanda bahaya kehamilan dengan perilaku merawat kehamilan pada primigravida (p value: 0,001: α = 0.05). Diharapkan kedepannya puskesmas dapat meningkatkan edukasi mengenai faktor risiko dan tanda bahaya kehamilan.

---

The pregnant mothers who have knowledge about risk factor and obstetric danger signs will motivate her to be more concern about her pregnant conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge of risk factor and obstetric danger signs and pregnancy care behavior among primigravida. This study used descriptive correlative design approach. Sampling technique use consecutive sampling. Samples of this study are 106 third trimester primigravidas in seven Puskesmas in Depok. This result shows that there is a statistically significant relationship between knowledge of risk factor and obstetric danger signs with pregnancy care behavior among primigravida (p value: 0,001; α = 0.05). This study suggests health care professional to improve education about obstetric danger signs and pregnancy care."