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"Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 telah menyebabkan perubahan budaya, termasuk bekerja dari rumah dan pola makan. Meningkatnya penggunaan aplikasi pesan antar makanan selama pandemi Covid-19, mengakibatkan lebih banyak konsumsi makanan jauh dari rumah/food away from home (FAFH), terutama di kalangan pekerja kantoran, dapat berdampak pada kualitas diet, yang dapat berkontribusi pada obesitas dan penyakit tidak menular (PTM) yang berhubungan dengan diet. Namun, hubungan antara FAFH dan faktor sosiodemografis yang memengaruhi kualitas diet pada pekerja kantoran masih belum jelas. Studi ini mengeksplorasi hubungan antara frekuensi konsumsi FAFH dan sosiodemografi terhadap kualitas diet pada pekerja kantoran. Metode: Data cross-sectional dikumpulkan dari 220 pekerja kantoran di Jakarta, Indonesia, mengenai informasi tentang sosio-demografis dan frekuensi konsumsi FAFH menggunakan kuesioner online terstruktur dan berpartisipasi dalam wawancara food recall 2x24 jam melalui wawancara online. Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) yang dimodifikasi digunakan untuk menilai kualitas diet. SPSS Versi 22 digunakan untuk semua analisis statistik dalam penelitian ini. Hasil: Kualitas diet yang secara signifikan lebih rendah ditemukan pada pekerja kantoran laki-laki dan pekerja kantoran yang mengonsumsi FAFH frekuensi tinggi (p < 0.05). Dalam model regresi linier, kualitas diet berhubungan signifikan dengan jenis kelamin (β = -3.567; 95% CI = (-6.190) - (0.945); p = 0.008) dan frekuensi konsumsi FAFH (β = -7.853; 95% CI = (-10.081) - (-5.625); p = 0.000). Kesimpulan: Pekerja kantoran, terutama pekerja kantoran laki-laki, sebaiknya membatasi konsumsi FAFH dan memilih opsi yang lebih sehat saat mengonsumsi FAFH. Pemerintah sebaiknya memberikan program pendidikan gizi berorientasi FAFH untuk industri makanan.

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Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has led to cultural changes, including working from home and eating patterns. The increased use of food delivery during the Covid-19 pandemic, which resulted in more consumption of food away from home (FAFH), especially among office workers, may have an impact on diet quality, which may be contributed to obesity and non-communicable diseases (NCD) related to diet. However, the relationships between FAFH and sociodemographic factors influencing diet quality among office workers are still unclear. This study explored the association between the consumption frequency of FAFH and sociodemographics on the diet quality among office workers. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 220 office workers in Jakarta, Indonesia, regarding information about the socio-demographics and consumptionfrequency of FAFH using a structured online questionnaire and participating in the 2x24-hour dietary recall interview through an online interview. A modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) was used to assess the diet quality. SPSS Version 22 was used for all statistical analyses. Results: Significantly lower diet quality was found in male office workers and office workers consuming high-frequency FAFH (p < 0.05). In the logistic linear regression model, the diet quality was significantly associated with gender (β = -3.567; 95% CI = -6.190 to -0.945; p = 0.008) and consumption frequency of FAFH ( β = -7.853; 95% CI = -10.081 to -5.625; p = 0.000). Conclusions: Office workers, especially male office workers, should limit their consumption of FAFH and choose healthier options when consuming FAFH. The government should give FAFH-oriented nutrition education programs for the food industry."

"Menjaga pola konsumsi yang sehat, yaitu bergizi seimbang, selama pandemi COVID-19 merupakan salah satu hal yang perlu diperhatikan guna menjaga daya tahan tubuh, sehingga menurunkan risiko terinfeksi COVID-19. Kelompok pra lansia dan lansia menjadi salah satu kelompok yang terdampak pandemi COVID-19, baik secara sosial dan ekonomi, sehingga dapat memengaruhi kemungkinan terjadinya perubahan pola konsumsi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran pola konsumsi selama pandemi COVID-19 pada kelompok pra lansia dan lansia, serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain studi cross sectional yang berlangsung pada bulan Maret sampai dengan Juni 2021. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara daring dan metode sampling yang digunakan, yaitu snowball sampling. Jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 152 orang yang berusia ≥46 tahun dan bertempat tinggal di DKI Jakarta. Pengkategorian pola konsumsi selama pandemi COVID-19 dilakukan dengan menggunakan algoritma k-mean. Uji T dependen, uji Wilcoxon, dan uji Chi-Square dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pola konsumsi sebelum dan selama pandemi, serta perbedaan pola konsumsi berdasarkan variabel independen. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa terdapat penurunan konsumsi sayur, buah, lauk pauk, dan air minum selama pandemi, serta adanya peningkat konsumsi minyak (p-value < 0,05). Diketahui bahwa sebanyak 57,2% responden mengalami perubahan pola konsumsi, baik perubahan ke arah sehat (30,9%) maupun ke arah tidak sehat (26,3%). Diketahui tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pola konsumsi selama pandemi dengan usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, situasi pekerjaan, pendapatan, dan status tinggal.

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Maintain a healthy diet, which is a balanced diet, during the COVID-19 pandemic, is one thing to be considered because it helps strengthen our immune system and reduces the risk of being infected by COVID-19. Pre elderly and elderly are one of the vulnerable groups affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, both socially and economically, and consequently it affects the possibility change in dietary pattern. This study aimed to describe the dietary pattern during the COVID-19 pandemic in pre-elderly and elderly group, also determine related factors. This research used cross sectional study and was conducted between March to June 2021 through an online survey. This study was used snowball sampling to recruit participants. The number of respondents was 152 people aged 46 years or older and residing in DKI Jakarta. The k-mean algorithm was used to determine dietary pattern during pandemic. Dependent t-test, Wilcoxon t-test, and Chi Square test were conducted to determine differences in dietary pattern before and during COVID-19 pandemic, as well as differences dietary pattern during pandemic based on independent variables. The result of this study showed that decline consumption of vegetables, fruit, protein sources, and water during COVID-19 pandemic (p-value <0,05)., and there was an increase in oil or fat consumption (p-value <0,05). This study also showed that a half of the respondent, 57,2%, experienced changes in dietary pattern, both towards healthy diet (30,9%) and unhealthy diet (26,3%). There were no significant differences between dietary pattern during COVID-19 pandemic with age, gender, educational level, work situation, income, and living arrangement."

"ABSTRAKICAO (International civil aviation organization) menyatakan pentingnyamenjaga kesehatan penerbang sehingga tidak terjadi inkapasitasi. Salah satu upayanya adalahpola diet sehat dengan konsumsi buah dan sayur. Tujuan studi adalah mengetahui hubunganaktivitas fisik dan faktor lain terhadap pola konsumsi buah dan sayur.Metode : Studi potonglintang dengan sampel total dari data sekunder penerbang yang melakukan pemeriksaankesehatan berkala di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan Jakarta bulan April 2016. Data berupadata demografi, pekerjaan, konsumsi buah dan sayur, aktivitas fisik, pengetahuan konsumsibuah dan sayur, dan dukungan sosial. Analisis dengan regresi Log. Hasil : Penerbang yangmengikuti penelitian ini berjumlah 530 orang. Aktivitas fisik tidak berhubungan dengankonsumsi buah dan sayur. Pengetahuan konsumsi buah dan sayur berisiko lebih seringkonsumsi buah dan sayur sebanyak 3,9 kali [ORa= 3,93; 95% CI=1,74-8,87; p=0,001], inisesuai dengan teori social cognitive, yang menyatakan pengetahuan konsumsi buh dan sayurmerupakan faktor personal. Simpulan: pengetahuan tentang konsumsi buah dan sayur sesuairekomendasi WHO berhubungan dengan seringnya konsumsi buah dan sayur (≥ 5 kali/hari).

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ABSTRACTInternational civil aviation organization stated the importance of maintaining pilot healthy andavoid incapacitation. One efforts for this is consuming healthy diet with fruits and vegetables. The purpose ofthis study is to identify the correlation of physical activity and other factors related to fruits and vegetablesintake. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with a total sampling, using secondary data of the pilotthat conducted periodic medical examinations on April 2016 in the Civil Aviation Medical Center, Jakarta. Datacollected were demographic and job characteristics, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical activity,knowledge about fruit and vegetable intake, and social support. Results: The pilots participate in this study were530 peoples. No correlation between physical activity and fruits and vegetables intake. The dominant factorassociated with fruits and vegetables intake is the knowledge about fruits and vegetables intake. Pilots with goodknowledge increase consumption 3,9 times higher [ORa = 3.93; 95% CI = 1.74 to 8.87; p = 0.001]. In this study,knowledge about fruit and vegetable intake as a personal factors according to social cognitive theory.Conclusion: The knowledge about fruits and vegetables intake according to WHO recommendations increasedthe frequency of fruits and vegetables intake.;;"

"Perilaku gizi seimbang berkaitan dengan status gizi dan performa akademik. Mahasiswa FKM UI merupakan calon tenaga kesehatan yang sedang menempuh pendidikan kesehatan sehingga diharapkan mahasiswa sudah memiliki pengetahuan, menerapkan perilaku gizi seimbang, dan dapat menjadi contoh bagi masyarakat sekitar. Namun, belum terdapat penelitian mengenai perilaku gizi seimbang mahasiswa FKM UI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan gizi dan faktor lainnya dengan perilaku gizi seimbang mahasiswi FKM UI angkatan 2021. Perilaku gizi seimbang (konsumsi anekaragam pangan, perilaku hidup bersih, aktivitas fisik, memantau berat badan) merupakan variabel dependen. Sementara pengetahuan gizi seimbang, citra tubuh, uang saku, tempat tinggal, keterpaparan informasi mengenai prinsip gizi seimbang, dukungan keluarga, dan pengaruh teman sebaya merupakan variabel independen. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional, dilakukan pada September 2023-Mei 2024 pada 110 mahasiswi. Data dianalisis menggunakan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa tidak terdapat responden yang berperilaku gizi seimbang secara keseluruhan dikarenakan tidak ada yang mengonsumsi anekaragam pangan atau data homogen. Analisis bivariat dilakukan pada setiap variabel independen dengan variabel dependen yang memiliki data heterogen (perilaku hidup bersih, aktivitas fisik, memantau berat badan). Hasil analisis bivariat menemukan hubungan antara citra tubuh dengan memantau berat badan (p-value=0,013).

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Balanced dietary behavior is related to nutritional status and academic performance. Public Health students Universitas Indonesia are prospective health workers currently pursuing health education so it is hoped that students will have knowledge and implement balanced dietary behavior. This research aims to determine the relationship between nutritional knowledge and other factors with balanced dietary behavior of Public Health students Universitas Indonesia class of 2021. Balanced dietary behavior (consumption of various foods, clean living behavior, physical activity, monitoring body weight) is the dependent variable. Meanwhile, nutrition knowledge, body image, pocket money, place to live, exposure to information regarding the principles of balanced nutrition, family support, and peer influence are independent variables. This research used a cross-sectional study design, conducted in September 2023-May 2024 on 110 female students. Data were analyzed using Chi-square. The results of the research found that there were no respondents who implement overall balanced dietary behavior because no one consumed various foods. Bivariate analysis was carried out on each independent variable with the dependent variable having heterogeneous data (clean living behavior, physical activity, monitoring body weight). The bivariate analysis found a relationship between body image and monitoring body weight (p-value=0.013)."

"Uji klinis acak tersamar ganda paralel ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan, bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi serat larut dan diet rendah kalori seimbang (DRKS) selama 4 minggu terhadap kadar kolesterol low-density lipoprotein (LDL) serum pada obes I usia 30−50 tahun. Sejumlah 31 subyek dipilih dengan kriteria tertentu dan dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dengan randomisasi blok, 15 orang kelompok perlakuan (KP) dan 16 orang kelompok kontrol (KK). Subyek KP mendapat serat larut psyllium husk (PH) 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari, sedangkan subyek KK mendapat plasebo dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari. Data terdiri atas usia, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan zat gizi, serta kadar kolesterol LDL serum. Pemeriksaan kolesterol LDL dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan dan Mann-Whitney, batas kemaknaan 5%. Karakteristik data dasar dan sebaran subyek kedua kelompok sebanding. Analisis lengkap dilakukan pada 28 subyek (KP dan KK masing-masing 14 subyek). Suplementasi ditoleransi baik dan tidak ditemukan efek samping serius. Median usia subyek KP dan KK berturut-turut 35,0 (30−45) tahun dan 34,50 (30−48) tahun serta rerata IMT 28,0 ± 1,1 kg/m2 dan 27,2 ± 1,4 kg/m2. Rerata kadar kolesterol LDL serum awal KP 137,0 ± 37,0 mg/dL dan KK 134,4 ± 29,1 mg/dL. Defisit energi KP lebih rendah tidak signifikan (p = 0,62) dibandingkan KK, berturut-turut -282,0 ± 482,6 kkal/hari dan -331,8 ± 578,3 kkal/hari. Persentase asupan energi terhadap anjuran KP (94,2 ± 18,5%) lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) daripada KK (85,4 ± 22,9%). Asupan karbohidrat (KH) total KP (613,1 ± 134,5 kkal/hari) lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,02) dibandingkan KK (545,4 ± 161,1 kkal/hari). Asupan protein, lemak total, dan kolesterol KP dan KK sesuai rekomendasi NCEP-ATP III. Pada kedua kelompok, asupan asam lemak jenuh cenderung tinggi, tetapi asupan asam lemak tak jenuh tunggal dan jamak rendah. Asupan serat subyek KP 17,2 ± 2,8 g/hari dan KK 8,6 (5,2−15,2) g/hari. Dengan suplementasi PH tidak tercapai rekomendasi asupan serat. Persentase asupan KH sederhana terhadap energi total KP 11,5±5,4% lebih tinggi signifikan (p = 0,00) dibandingkan KK 6,0 (1,2524,2)%. Penurunan kadar kolesterol LDL serum KP -2,1 ± 16,2 mg/dL lebih sedikit tidak signifikan (p = 0,15) dibandingkan pada KK -10,9 ± 15,3 mg/dL. Penelitian ini belum dapat membuktikan suplementasi PH 8,4 g/hari dan DRKS 1200 kkal/hari selama 4 minggu lebih baik dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol LDL serum dibandingkan plasebo pada subyek obes I.

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This parallel double blind randomized clinical trial is a preliminary study that aims to investigate the effect of soluble fiber supplementation 8.4 g/day and lowcalorie balanced diet (LCBD) for 4 weeks on serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level in obese I, aged 30−50 years old. A total of 31 subjects were selected using certain criteria and randomly allocated to one of two groups using block randomization; 15 subjects for treatment (T) group and 16 subjects for control (C) group, respectively. The T group received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day and LCBD 1200 kcal/day, and the C group received placebo and LCBD 1200 kcal/day. Data include age, body mass index (BMI), intake of energy, macronutrient, and fiber, as well as serum LDL cholesterol level. Serum LDL cholesterol level was examined before and after treatment. Statistical analyses include independent t-test and Mann-Whitney with significance level of 5%. Subjects characteristics of the two groups at baseline was not statistically different. Twenty eight subjects (14 subjects in each group) completed the intervention. Supplementation was well tolerated and there were no serious adverse events. The mean age in T and C group was 35.0 (30.0−45.0) and 34.5 (30.0−48.0) years, respectively, and BMI was 28.0 ± 1.1 and 27.2 ± 1.4 kg/m2, respectively. The pretreatment serum LDL cholesterol level in T and C group was 137.0 ± 37.0 and 134.4 ± 29.1 mg/dL, respectively. Energy deficit in T group was insignificantly lower (p = 0.62) than in C group; -282.0 ± 482.6 and -331.8 ± 578.3 kcal/day, respectively. Percentage of energy intake to recommendation in T group (94.2 ± 18.5%) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than that in C group (85.4 ± 22.9%). Total carbohydrate (CHO) intake in T group (613.1 ± 134.5 kcal/day) was significantly higher (p = 0.02) than in C group (545.4 ± 161.1 kcal/day). Total protein, fat, and cholesterol intake were similar to the NCEP-ATP III recommendation in both groups. Intake of SAFA was higher than recommended, meanwhile PUFA and MUFA intake were lower than those recommended in both groups. Dietary fiber intake in T and C group was 17.2 ± 2.8 and 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day, respectively. During the intervention, PH supplementation did not meet the recommendation. Percentage of simple CHO to total energy in T group 11.5±5.4% was significantly higher (p = 0.00) than in C group 6.0 (1.2524.2)%. PH supplementation decreased serum LDL cholesterol level (-2.1 ± 16.2 mg/dL) lower than placebo (-10.9 ± 15.3 mg/dL), but not significant different (p = 0.15). This study shows that PH supplementation 8.4 g/day in combination with LCBD 1200 kcal/day for 4 weeks in obese I aged 30−50 years old is not proven to decrease the serum LDL cholesterol level."