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"Rumah sakit merupakan sarana pelayanan kesehatan kuratif yang bertujuan untuk memulihkan pasien yang dirawat, salah satu bentuk upaya rumah sakit untuk memulihkan pasien adalah memberikan pelayanan gizi sesuai kebutuhan gizi dan termakan habis oleh pasien. Pelayanan gizi pasien di ruang rawat inap dilaksanakan oleh tenaga ahli gizi ruangan.Di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Pusat pelayanan gizi kepada pasien belum berlangsung secara optimal, terlihat dari masih rendahnya cakupan pasien rawat inap yang mendapat layanan konsultasi gizi dan masih banyaknya keluhan pasien tentang makanan selama dirawat di ruang rawat inap.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran pelaksanaan tugas ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Pusat tahun 2004 dan sejauhmana karakteristik individu (pengetahuan, pelatihan, masa kerja, beban kerja) dan karakteristik organisasi (kepemimpinan, standard operation procedures/SOP, sarana, insentif, pengawasan) mempengaruhi pelaksanaan tugas ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Pusat tahun 2004.Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan maksud menggali secara mendalam data-data yang diperoleh serta melakukan eksplorasi informasi tentang pelaksanaan tugas ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta Pusat tahun 2004 melalui sumber-sumber informan. lnforman yang diambil dari manajer tingkat atas, menengah, dan bawah serta pelaksana (ahli gizi ruangan).Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan informasi bahwa pelaksanaan tugas ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap masih kurang baik tergambar dari masih kurangnya pengetahuan ahli gizi dalam gizi terapan, belum pernahnya mengikuti pelatihan, beban kerja yang berat sehingga hasil kerja yang didapat kurang maksimal karena pasien yang mendapat asuhan gizi hanya yang berdiet khusus saja dan yang mengalami gangguan dalam pelaksanaan dietnya. Hasil lainnya dari penelitian ini adalah gambaran tentang komunikasi di lingkungan kerja kurang komunikatif, sarana pelayanan khususnya trolley untuk membawa makanan pasien sudah tidak memadai, pengawasan dari atasan masih kurang.Dengan hasil penelitian tersebut di atas saran yang diajukan oleh peneliti adalah : sebaiknya pimpinan berupaya meningkatkan pengetahuan semua ahli gizi yang ada, mengirimkan petugas/ahli gizi untuk mengikuti pelatihan yang berhubungan dengan gizi klinik/gizi institusi, menambah jumlah ahli gizi untuk mengurangi beban kerja yang berat, memperbaiki sarana: pelayanan, membuat SOP tertulis, dan melakukan pengawasan secara intensif

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Hospital is curative care facility to recover the hospitalized patients. One aspect of this care is palatable nutritional care according to the need of patients. The nutritional care in in-hospital wards is implemented by the ward nutritionist.

Nutritional care in Jakarta Islamic Hospital was not optimally implemented, reflected by low coverage of patients who receive nutrition consultation and many complaints about the food provided.

The objective of this study was to know the description of work implementation of nutritionist in in-hospital care ward of Jakarta Islamic Hospital year 2004 and how individual characteristics (knowledge, training, length of work, workload) and organizational characteristics (leadership, SOP, facilities, incentive, inspection) influence the work implementation of nutritionist in in-hospital care wards.

The study was qualitative aimed at exploring information through different sources. Informants were high, middle and low level managers, and the implementer (ward nutritionist).

The study showed that the work implementation of nutritionist was not optimal reflected by lack of knowledge, particularly on applied nutrition, no training was attended, and heavy workload resulted in suboptimal and patients who received nutritional, care were limited to those followed special diet and those who had diet problems. Other study result exhibits lack of communication in work place, lack of facility especially food trolley, and lack of monitoring.

Based on the study results, it is suggested to managers to increase nutritionist's knowledge, to send nutritionist to trainings related to clinical/institutional nutrition, to add more nutritionists to reduce workload, to add necessary facilities, to provide written SOP, and to conduct intensive monitoring."

"Pelayanan gizi rumah sakit (PGRS) sebagai salah satu sub sistem dalam sistem kesehatan paripurna di rumah sakit, dalam upaya peningkatan mutu pelayanannya haruslah ditunjang oleh sumber daya manusia yang memadai. Dalam salah satu kegiatan PGRS yaitu penyediaan, pengolahan dan penyaluran makanan, tenaga pelaksana gizi merupakan komponen utama, dan motivasi kerja mereka yang tinggi akan sangat mendukung keberhasilan PGRS.Motivasi kerja dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yaitu yang bersumber dari dalam diri seseorang (umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, masa kerja, jumlah anak, status perkawinan, status kepegawaian) dan faktor yang bersumber dari luar seperti kebijakan organisasi, hubungan pribadi dengan sesama/atasan, kondisi lingkungan kerja, imbalan dan pengawasan.Untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan motivasi kerja tenaga pelaksana gizi di Sub Instalasi Pengolahan dan Penyaluran Makanan (STPP), dilakukan penelitian studi observasional dengan metode cross-sectional pada seluruh (72 orang) tenaga pelaksanan gizi di SIPP. Pengambilan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung dengan menggunakan alat bantu berupa kuesioner.Untuk melihat kemaknaan hubungan antara masing-masing dari 12 variabel bebas dengan tingkat motivasi kerja dilakukan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor status perkawinan, status kepegawaian dan imbalan mempunyai hubungan bermakna dengan motivasi kerja. Dari hasil tersebut disampaikan saran untuk meningkatkan motivasi kerja tenaga pelaksana gizi SIPP yaitu mengembangkan program motivasi dan penampilan kerja bagi tenaga pelaksana gizi ; menyediakan kondisi dan lingkungan kerja yang layak ; membentuk sistem supervisi untuk setiap tingkatan kegiatan dan mengembangkan standar_penampilan kerja ; mengembangkan sistem reward bagi pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) sesuai kebijakan rumah sakit ; mengembangkan dan menerapkan sistem kontrak keja yang dilengkapi dengan spesifikasi kerja dan imbalan bagi tenaga bukan PNS ; serta menganalisis dan meningkatkan sistem insentif/pengg jian secara bertahap dan berkala.Daftar bacaan: 32 (1984 - 1999)

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Nutritional care service is one of the sub systems of comprehensive health care system in the hospital. Human Resources are one of the important inputs to support the effectiveness of the whole operation of the system. Food service management system which compose namely the preparation, production, distribution of food component is the biggest working unit in nutrition department which has more than fifty percents of the total personnel's in nutrition department.Motivation at work is influenced by many factors either the internal factor of the person (age, sex, education background, period/years of work, member of the family, marital status, employee status), or the external factors such as policy, organization, personnel relationship to others sub ordinate, working condition, reward and supervision system.An observational cross sectional study has been conducted in June 2000 in order to identify the relationship between motivation at work and related factors on seventy two Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital food service personnel?s. The primary data was collected through interviewed using closed questionnaire.The relationship between motivation at work and 12 independent variables were assessed using chi-square test. The study shown that marital status, employee status and incentive reward has a significant relationship with motivation at work Based in this founding, the writer recommends some aspects as followed: Develop the motivation and work performances program for food service personnel?s. Provide appropriate condition and working environment.Formulate the supervision system for each level of activities and develop work performance standard of food service personnel?s. Develop reward system for the government's employee according to the policy of the hospital. Develop and apply the contract system with work specification and appointed salary for auxiliary personnel?s. Analyze and improve the incentive/salary system gradually and periodically.Bibliography: 32 (1984 -1999)"

"Salah satu cara pencegahan penyakit jantung koroner dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan asupan serat perhari Bekatul merupakan bahan pangan lokal yang mengandung tinggi serat oleh karena itu bekatul digunakan untuk bahan substitusi dari tepung terigu dalam produk brownies kukus Penelitian eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk menciptakan brownies dengan rasa yang enak dan mengandung tinggi serat Terdapat 4 perlakuan substitusi bekatul yaitu 100 70 30 dan 0 sebagai brownies kontrol Analisis zat gizi dilakukan di PT Saraswati Indo Genetech Bogor dan uji hedonik dilakukan di Perpustakaan Pusat UI dengan 40 orang panelis Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara rasa warna aroma dan keseluruhan brownies Brownies berbahan dasar bekatul mengandung memiliki serat tertinggi dengan 9 29 gr serat dalam satu kali penyajian 24 gr.

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One way to prevent coronary heart disease can be done by increasing daily dietary fiber intake Rice bran is Indonesian rsquo s local food with high content of dietary fiber therefore rice bran used to substitute wheat flour in steamed brownies This experiment research purpose is to obtain delicious brownies with high fiber content There were 4 modification for rice bran substitution 100 70 30 and 0 as a control brownies Nutrition analysis took place in Saraswati Indo Genetech Laboratory and Hedonic test took place in University of Indonesia rsquo s library with 40 panelists Result for this experiment showed there is no significant difference in taste color flavor and the entirety of steamed brownies Brownies with 100 bekatul had the highest fiber with 9 29 gr dietary fiber per serving 24 gr"

"Setiap manusia tentu memiliki keinginan di dalam diri masing-masing, termasuk keinginan memiliki tubuh yang ideal. Ketika ingin mendapatkan tubuh yang ideal tersebut, manusia akan melakukan diet. Tidak sedikit seseorang yang berhasil atas dietnya dan membagikan mengenai program dietnya melalui media sosial bahkan hingga menuliskannya dalam sebuah buku yang memuat informasi mengenai program diet. Mengenai informasi diet dalam buku tersebut dapat berasal dari seseorang yang bukan ahli gizi. Namun, diet yang dilakukan oleh seseorang tidak selalu memberikan dampak positif bagi orang lain, sehingga menimbulkan kerugian. Dalam penelitian ini ingin mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang dirugikan akibat membeli buku mengenai program diet dari seseorang bukan ahli gizi yang ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen serta pertanggungjawaban penulis dan penerbit buku tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan untuk menjawab permasalahan dalam penelitian ini. Setiap konsumen berhak mendapatkan kenyamanan, keamanan, dan keselamatan atas barang dan/atau jasa yang digunakannya, sehingga seorang penulis yang menuliskan buku tentu harus menuliskan bukunya secara jelas, benar, dan jujur. Selain itu, penulis buku juga harus mempertanggungjawabkan buku atau karya yang ditulisnya dengan memberikan ganti kerugian kepada konsumen yang mengalami kerugian atas buku program diet yang ia tulis.

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Every human being certainly has a desire in each of them, including the desire to have an ideal body. When you want to get the ideal body, people will go on a diet. Not a few people who are successful in their diet share their diet program through social media and even write it down in a book that contains information about the diet program. Regarding diet information in the book can come from someone who is not a nutritionist. However, the diet that is carried out by one person does not always have a positive impact on others, resulting in losses. In this study, we want to find out how the legal protection for consumers who are harmed by buying a book about the diet program from someone who is not a nutritionist in terms of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and the responsibility of the author and publisher of the book. The method used in this paper is normative juridical using a statutory approach to answer the problems in this research. Every consumer has the right to get comfort, security, and safety for the goods and/or services they use, so a writer who writes a book must of course write their books, correctly, and fairly. Consumer protection is needed so that consumers can avoid losses after or a loss occurs. In addition, the author of the book must also be responsible for the book or work they wrote and can provide compensation to consumers who have suffered losses from the diet program book he wrote.

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"[ABSTRAKLATAR BELAKANG: Katiadaan instrumen penilaian kompetensi yang validmenyulitkan penilaian praktik konseling terhadap tenaga gizi desa (Barangay NutritionScholars, BNS) yang mendapat pelatihan konseling pemberian makanan pada bayi dananak (infant and young child feeding, IYCF). Studi ini dirancang untuk mengembangkandan memvalidasi instrumen penilaian kompetensi BNS dalam memberikan konselingIYCF.METODE: Desain penelitian metodologi digunakan untuk mengembangkan dan validasiinstrumen pengukur kompetensi konseling IYCF meliputi pengetahuan, sikap, danketerampilan, berdasarkan frekuensi, intensitas, dan aktivitas. Instrumen ini ditujukanpenggunaanya oleh BNS, supervisor, maupun klien. Uji coba dan revisi berdasarkan hasilanalisis item dilakukan pada 320 BNS dan dilanjutkan dengan uji lapangan terhadap 280BNS. Validitas isi (content validity) dikaji oleh beberapa pakar, sedangkan konsistensiinternal (internal consistency) dan validitas konstruk (construct validity) diuji denganCronbach?s alpha dan, exploratory dan confirmatory factor analysis. Distribusi bobotpengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan dan nilai titik potong kompetensi untuk tiapconstruct dan instrumen ditetapkan berdasarkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas menggunakanROC Curve.HASIL: Instrumen yang valid terdiri dari: 1) 28 item terkait pengetahuan BNS dengantipe memilih benar atau salah suatu pertanyaan, pertanyaan dengan jawaban singkat, danpilihan ganda; 2) 10 item terkait sikap BNS dengan Likert scale untuk menilai pandanganpribadi, sikap terhadap implementasi, dan hambatan yang dirasakan saat konseling IYCF;3) 18 item menggunakan 5 skala frekuensi penilaian BNS dalam mendengarkan,memberikan support, dan praktik penilaian dan keterampilan; 4) 18 item dengan 4 skalanilai untuk atasan BNS menilai intensitas proses konseling, penilaian dan penggunaanmateri IYCF; dan 5) 17 item berupa daftar tilik kegiatan untuk klien menilai pemberiansupport, penilaian, dan praktik keterampilan. Gabungan item masing-masing menjadiinstrumen penilaian kompetensi KAS-WOR, KAS-SUP, KAS-MOM dan KAS-COMdengan nilai titik potong masing-masing yaitu 75%, 50%, 80% dan 65%. Berdasarkanpembobotan 20% untuk pengetahuan, 10% sikap, dan 70% keterampilan diperoleh 30%BNS yang kompeten dalam konseling IYCF.KESIMPULAN: Hasil pengembangan instrumen penilaian kompetensi BNS melakukankonseling IYCF memiliki konsistensi internal dan tingkat validitas yang sedang sampaitinggi.

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ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: The Barangay (Village) Nutrition Scholars (BNS) has beentrained to do infant and young child feeding (IYCF) counseling but the absence of avalidated competency instruments constrained the assessment of their competency todo IYCF counseling to their client. This study was designed to develop and validatethe instruments to assess the competency of BNS on IYCF counseling and answer thequestion: how valid and reliable were the developed instrument to measure thecompetency of trained BNS on IYCF counseling?METHODS: Methodological research design were used to develop and validate theinstruments to measure IYCF counseling competency based on knowledge, attitudeand skills in terms of frequency, intensity and activity designed for the BNS,supervisor and client, respectively. The instruments were pilot-tested to assess 320BNS. Item analyses results were used for revisions prior to field test to 280 BNS.Experts checked the content validity; internal consistency and construct validity wereassessed using Cronbach?s alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis,respectively. The weighting distribution for knowledge, attitude and skills and cut-offscore for each construct and instrument were established based on sensitivity andspecificity using ROC Curve to calculate the score and to identify competent BNS.RESULTS: The validated instruments included: 1) 28 items for BNS knowledge testwith true or false, fill-in-the-blanks and multiple-choice formats; 2) 10 items for BNSattitude test with four scale Likert scale to assess personal view, attitude towardsimplementation, and perceived barriers on IYCF counseling; 3) 18 items of five-scalefrequency instrument for BNS to assess listening, giving support, assessment andaction skills; 4) 18-item four-scale instrument for BNS supervisor to assess theintensity in doing the counseling process, assessment and use of IYCF materials; and5) 17-item activity checklist designed for client to assess giving support, assessmentand actions skills. These constructs were combined into competency assessmentinstruments KAS-WOR, KAS-SUP, KAS-MOM and KAS-COM with 75%, 50%,80% and 65% as cut-off score. Based on the 20-10-70 weighting distributions forknowledge-attitude-skills competent BNS on IYCF counseling was about 30%.CONCLUSIONS: The assessment instruments developed to measure the IYCFcounseling competency of BNS had relatively moderate to high internal consistencyand validity. This assures that the results of the tests can be relied upon for makingdependable judgments and interpretations.;BACKGROUND: The Barangay (Village) Nutrition Scholars (BNS) has beentrained to do infant and young child feeding (IYCF) counseling but the absence of avalidated competency instruments constrained the assessment of their competency todo IYCF counseling to their client. This study was designed to develop and validatethe instruments to assess the competency of BNS on IYCF counseling and answer thequestion: how valid and reliable were the developed instrument to measure thecompetency of trained BNS on IYCF counseling?METHODS: Methodological research design were used to develop and validate theinstruments to measure IYCF counseling competency based on knowledge, attitudeand skills in terms of frequency, intensity and activity designed for the BNS,supervisor and client, respectively. The instruments were pilot-tested to assess 320BNS. Item analyses results were used for revisions prior to field test to 280 BNS.Experts checked the content validity; internal consistency and construct validity wereassessed using Cronbach?s alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis,respectively. The weighting distribution for knowledge, attitude and skills and cut-offscore for each construct and instrument were established based on sensitivity andspecificity using ROC Curve to calculate the score and to identify competent BNS.RESULTS: The validated instruments included: 1) 28 items for BNS knowledge testwith true or false, fill-in-the-blanks and multiple-choice formats; 2) 10 items for BNSattitude test with four scale Likert scale to assess personal view, attitude towardsimplementation, and perceived barriers on IYCF counseling; 3) 18 items of five-scalefrequency instrument for BNS to assess listening, giving support, assessment andaction skills; 4) 18-item four-scale instrument for BNS supervisor to assess theintensity in doing the counseling process, assessment and use of IYCF materials; and5) 17-item activity checklist designed for client to assess giving support, assessmentand actions skills. These constructs were combined into competency assessmentinstruments KAS-WOR, KAS-SUP, KAS-MOM and KAS-COM with 75%, 50%,80% and 65% as cut-off score. Based on the 20-10-70 weighting distributions forknowledge-attitude-skills competent BNS on IYCF counseling was about 30%.CONCLUSIONS: The assessment instruments developed to measure the IYCFcounseling competency of BNS had relatively moderate to high internal consistencyand validity. This assures that the results of the tests can be relied upon for makingdependable judgments and interpretations.;BACKGROUND: The Barangay (Village) Nutrition Scholars (BNS) has beentrained to do infant and young child feeding (IYCF) counseling but the absence of avalidated competency instruments constrained the assessment of their competency todo IYCF counseling to their client. This study was designed to develop and validatethe instruments to assess the competency of BNS on IYCF counseling and answer thequestion: how valid and reliable were the developed instrument to measure thecompetency of trained BNS on IYCF counseling?METHODS: Methodological research design were used to develop and validate theinstruments to measure IYCF counseling competency based on knowledge, attitudeand skills in terms of frequency, intensity and activity designed for the BNS,supervisor and client, respectively. The instruments were pilot-tested to assess 320BNS. Item analyses results were used for revisions prior to field test to 280 BNS.Experts checked the content validity; internal consistency and construct validity wereassessed using Cronbach?s alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis,respectively. The weighting distribution for knowledge, attitude and skills and cut-offscore for each construct and instrument were established based on sensitivity andspecificity using ROC Curve to calculate the score and to identify competent BNS.RESULTS: The validated instruments included: 1) 28 items for BNS knowledge testwith true or false, fill-in-the-blanks and multiple-choice formats; 2) 10 items for BNSattitude test with four scale Likert scale to assess personal view, attitude towardsimplementation, and perceived barriers on IYCF counseling; 3) 18 items of five-scalefrequency instrument for BNS to assess listening, giving support, assessment andaction skills; 4) 18-item four-scale instrument for BNS supervisor to assess theintensity in doing the counseling process, assessment and use of IYCF materials; and5) 17-item activity checklist designed for client to assess giving support, assessmentand actions skills. These constructs were combined into competency assessmentinstruments KAS-WOR, KAS-SUP, KAS-MOM and KAS-COM with 75%, 50%,80% and 65% as cut-off score. Based on the 20-10-70 weighting distributions forknowledge-attitude-skills competent BNS on IYCF counseling was about 30%.CONCLUSIONS: The assessment instruments developed to measure the IYCFcounseling competency of BNS had relatively moderate to high internal consistencyand validity. This assures that the results of the tests can be relied upon for makingdependable judgments and interpretations., BACKGROUND: The Barangay (Village) Nutrition Scholars (BNS) has beentrained to do infant and young child feeding (IYCF) counseling but the absence of avalidated competency instruments constrained the assessment of their competency todo IYCF counseling to their client. This study was designed to develop and validatethe instruments to assess the competency of BNS on IYCF counseling and answer thequestion: how valid and reliable were the developed instrument to measure thecompetency of trained BNS on IYCF counseling?METHODS: Methodological research design were used to develop and validate theinstruments to measure IYCF counseling competency based on knowledge, attitudeand skills in terms of frequency, intensity and activity designed for the BNS,supervisor and client, respectively. The instruments were pilot-tested to assess 320BNS. Item analyses results were used for revisions prior to field test to 280 BNS.Experts checked the content validity; internal consistency and construct validity wereassessed using Cronbach’s alpha and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis,respectively. The weighting distribution for knowledge, attitude and skills and cut-offscore for each construct and instrument were established based on sensitivity andspecificity using ROC Curve to calculate the score and to identify competent BNS.RESULTS: The validated instruments included: 1) 28 items for BNS knowledge testwith true or false, fill-in-the-blanks and multiple-choice formats; 2) 10 items for BNSattitude test with four scale Likert scale to assess personal view, attitude towardsimplementation, and perceived barriers on IYCF counseling; 3) 18 items of five-scalefrequency instrument for BNS to assess listening, giving support, assessment andaction skills; 4) 18-item four-scale instrument for BNS supervisor to assess theintensity in doing the counseling process, assessment and use of IYCF materials; and5) 17-item activity checklist designed for client to assess giving support, assessmentand actions skills. These constructs were combined into competency assessmentinstruments KAS-WOR, KAS-SUP, KAS-MOM and KAS-COM with 75%, 50%,80% and 65% as cut-off score. Based on the 20-10-70 weighting distributions forknowledge-attitude-skills competent BNS on IYCF counseling was about 30%.CONCLUSIONS: The assessment instruments developed to measure the IYCFcounseling competency of BNS had relatively moderate to high internal consistencyand validity. This assures that the results of the tests can be relied upon for makingdependable judgments and interpretations.]"

"Indonesia masih mengalami begitu banyak masalah terkait bidang kesehatan, baik secara praktik, hukum, konsep, dan lain macamnya. Seluruh masalah ini pada dasarnya berpusat pada ambigunya prosedur dan hukum yang ada, ketidakpuasan masyarakat terhadap pelayanan yang diterima sampai pada tenaga kesehatan yang melanggar kode etik. Salah satu masalah yang sangat krusial untuk dibahas adalah mengenai ahli gizi. Minimnya peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai profesi ahli gizi, serta pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai ahli gizi sangatlah terbatas memperburuk fenomena masalah ini. Masalah ini merupakan penelitian doktrinal hukum yang menelaah secara rinci aturan yang membahas tentang profesi ahli gizi sebagai tenaga kesehatan di Indonesia dan Jerman sebagai pusat analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia, perlindungan hukum terhadap ahli gizi masih menghadapi tantangan signifikan, terutama terkait dengan pengakuan profesi ahli gizi dari masyarakat, hak dan kewajiban yang masih sangat terbatas, serta standar keahlian yang tidak jelas. Peraturan terhadap ahli gizi di Indonesia kerap saling tumpang tindih antara Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 26 Tahun 2013 Tentang Penyelenggaraan Pekerjaan dan Praktik Tenaga Gizi dan Undang- Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan. Sementara itu, di Jerman, profesi ahli gizi menikmati kerangka hukum yang lebih terstruktur dan jelas, termasuk proses lisensi dan pengawasan profesi yang ketat sebagaimana dimuat dalam Dietitien Law. Tidak terkecuali dalam hal ini fakta bahwa di Jerman, ahli gizi justru menjadi profesi yang dikenal baik oleh masyarakat dan masing-masing ahli gizi melakukan profesinya sesuai keahliannya. Perbedaan dalam perlindungan hukum antara Indonesia dan Jerman sangat mempengaruhi status dan pengakuan ahli gizi sebagai tenaga kesehatan. Studi ini memberikan rekomendasi untuk perbaikan kebijakan di Indonesia agar dapat meningkatkan perlindungan hukum dan pengakuan profesi bagi ahli gizi, sesuai dengan standar internasional yang lebih mapan seperti di Jerman.

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Indonesia is still experiencing so many problems related to the health sector, both in practice, law, concepts and so on. All of these problems basically center on the ambiguity of existing procedures and laws, public dissatisfaction with the services they receive and even health workers who violate the code of ethics. One of the most crucial issues to discuss is nutritionists. The lack of legal regulations regarding the nutritionist profession, as well as the public's very limited knowledge of nutritionists, exacerbates this problematic phenomenon. This issue is a legal doctrinal research that examines in detail the regulations that discuss the profession of nutritionists as health workers in Indonesia and Germany as the center of analysis. The research results show that in Indonesia, legal protection for nutritionists still faces significant challenges, especially related to recognition of the nutritionist profession from the public, very limited rights and obligations, and unclear standards of expertise. Regulations on nutritionists in Indonesia often overlap between Minister of Health Regulation Number 26 of 2013 concerning the Implementation of Work and Practices of Nutritionists and Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health. Meanwhile, in Germany, the nutritionist profession enjoys a more structured and clear legal framework, including a licensing process and strict professional supervision as contained in the Dietitian Law. This is no exception to the fact that in Germany, nutritionists have become a profession that is well known to the public and each nutritionist carries out their profession according to their expertise. The difference in legal protection between Indonesia and Germany greatly influences the status and recognition of nutritionists as health workers. This study provides recommendations for improving policies in Indonesia in order to increase legal protection and professional recognition for nutritionists, in accordance with more established international standards such as in Germany."

"Status gizi yang buruk terutama selama masa anak-anak berdampak negatif pada kehidupan awal, serta sepanjang siklus hidup manusia. Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan status gizi anak-anak adalah bargaining power ibu. Penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya masih memiliki keterbatasan: (1) penggunaan data cross-sectional, padahal status gizi (stunting) merupakan akumulasi periode sebelumnya dan bargaining power merupakan suatu proses, sehingga untuk melihat hubungan kausalitas kurang tepat jika menggunakan data cross-sectional; (2) pengukuran bargaining power masih menggunakan pendekatan tidak langsung yang umumnya berkisar pada kepemilikan ekonomi, sementara ada indikator yang lebih baik yaitu dengan pendekatan langsung melalui pertanyaan tentang pengambilan keputusan dalam rumah tangga.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh bargaining power ibu terhadap status gizi anak di Indonesia. Unit analisisnya adalah anak berusia 7-19 tahun (IFLS5) yang masih memiliki dan tinggal bersama orang tua (IFLS4). Dengan menggunakan metode estimasi OLS, hasilnya menunjukan bahwa bargaining power ibu signifikan dan positif memengaruhi status gizi anak yang diukur dengan z-score TB/U. Demikian juga dengan status bekerja ayah, pendidikan dan tinggi badan orang tua, jenis kelamin anak, pendapatan dan kepemilikan aset rumah tangga, serta status kota-desa. Sedangkan bargaining power ayah dan status bekerja ibu tidak signifikan, bahkan umur dan jumlah saudara kandung anak memiliki dampak negatif.

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Poor nutritional status, especially during childhood, has a negative impact on early life as well as throughout the human life cycle. One of the factors that influence the improvement of children's nutritional status is the bargaining power of mothers. Previous studies still have limitations: (1) the use of cross-sectional data, whereas nutritional status (stunting) is the accumulation of previous periods and bargaining power is a process, so to see causality is less appropriate when using cross-sectional data; (2) the measurement of bargaining power still uses an indirect approach which generally revolves around economic ownership, while there are better indicators, namely a direct approach through questions about decision making in the household.This study aims to see the effect of bargaining power of mothers on children's nutritional status in Indonesia. The unit of analysis is children aged 7-19 years (IFLS5) who still have and live with parents (IFLS4). Using the OLS estimation method, the results show that maternal bargaining power is significant and positively influences the child's nutritional status as measured by the z-score TB/U. Likewise with the working status of the father, education and height of the parents, the sex of the child, income and ownership of household assets, as well as the status of the urban-rural. While the father's bargaining power and mother's working status are not significant, even the age and number of siblings have a negative impact."

"Penyalahgunaan hak terhadap pasien selaku konsumen dapat terjadi tanpa dirasakan oleh pihak rumah sakit, apalagi bila konsumen tidak mengungkapkan keluhan atau kekecewaan secara formal. Meskipun tidak dipermasalahkan, penyalahgunaan hak ini secara hakikatnya adalah masalah. Kita tidak dapat membiarkan suatu penyimpangan terjadi terus menerus, karena sekali terjadi ia akan merusak kebaikan-kebaikan yang sudah diupayakan (mempengaruhi image positif di masyarakat).Studi ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien di ruang rawat Inap. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta (RSIJ) pada bulan Mei - Juni tahun 2004. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kuantitatif, cross sectional, pada 160 pasien rawat Inap. Sampel penelitiannya adalah pasien yang telah menjalani perawatan minimal 3 hari, berusia minimal 15 tahun, dalam keadaan sadar, kooperatif, dan tidak dalam keadaan gawat darurat.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 87,5 % responden menyatakan terpenuhi hak dan kewajibannya di ruang rawat inap RSIJ. Sedangkan dari responden yang tidak terpenuhi haknya paling banyak berkaitan dengan tidak diberikan kebebasan untuk memilih (menerima/menolak) tindakan pengobatan yang akan diberikan oleh perawat dan dokter dan tidak mendapat penjelasan dari perawat dan dokter tentang peraturan rumah sakit pada hari pertama masuk rumah sakit. Sedangkan kewajiban yang tidak terpenuhi responden paling banyak mencakup pencarian informasi terbanyak selain informasi dari petugas dan pencarian second opinion.Hasi analisis bivariat didapat hubungan yang bermakna antara persepsi terhadap sikap perawat dan dokter dalam upaya pemenuhan hak dan kewajibannya dengan pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien serta persepsi pasien terhadap pemanfaatan sarana yang berkaitan dengan upaya pemenuhan hak dan kewajibannya dengan pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien.Hasil analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik ganda, didapat dua variabel yang berhubungan dengan pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien, yaitu variabel pengetahuan dan variabel persepsi terhadap sikap perawat dan dokter dalam upaya pemenuhan hak dan kewajibannya, namun tidak ada interaksi. Dari kedua variabel tersebut didapat variabel pengetahuan yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien.Bila dilihat lebih mendalam ternyata kurangnya pengetahuan responden paling banyak dalam hal informasi tentang kebolehan untuk memilih dokter selama proses pengobatan. Sedangkan dari responden yang berpersepsi negatif terhadap sikap perawat dan dokter, ternyata paling banyak menyatakan bahwa mereka tidak diberi kesempatan untuk mengetahui isi catatan medik (status) tentang penyakit yang sedang dideritanya.Penelitian ini menyarankan untuk lebih meningkatkan layanan yang berorientasi kepada kebutuhan pasien terutama layanan dokter dan perawat. Terutama untuk tim manajemen perlu melakukan pembinaan tentang public relation, sosialisasi tentang SOPITupoksi dalam rangka pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien. Untuk petugas kesehatan perlu dilakukan peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan diri serta profesionalisme guna memberikan pelayanan prima pada pasien. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mendapatkan gambaran pemenuhan hak dan kewajiban pasien yang lebih luas.Kepustakaan: 44 (1984 - 2004)

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Factors Related to Rights Fulfillment and Patients Obligations in Confinement of Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta in 2004Patient rights violation as consumer could happen without any knowledge from the hospital, especially when the consumer has no formal complaint or disappointment. Although it is not an issue, this violation shows that there is a problem. We cannot tolerate this mistreatment to continue, since once it happened, it will damage the previous quality serve (destroy the positive image within society).

This study wants to get the description of rights fulfillment and patients' obligations along with factors related to the level of rights fulfillment and patients' obligations in confinement. The research was done at Jakarta Islamic Hospital (Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta - RSIJ) on May - June, 2004. The Research design used was quantitative study, cross sectional, to 160 confinement patients. The samples were patients with 3 days confinement at the minimum, and with 15 years of age also at the minimum, conscious, cooperative, and not in critical condition.

The research shows that 87.5 % of respondents stated that their rights and obligations were fulfilled during their stays in confinement of RSIJ. Meanwhile, the respondents that the rights are not fulfilled are mostly related to the freedom to choose (accepting/rejecting) the medication treatment given by nurses and doctors and there are not any explanations from them about the regulations of the hospital in the day they enter. While the obligations that are not fulfilled by respondents are mostly related to the searching of information?s beside those that are got from the officers and the second opinion searched.

Bi-variant analysis shows that there are significant relations between perception toward nurses and doctors in their efforts to fulfill their rights and obligations with patients' rights and obligations fulfillment and patients' perception in using any means related to the fulfillment of their rights and obligations for the purpose of rights and obligations fulfillment.

Multi-variant analysis with double logistic regression shows that there are two variables related to the fulfillment of patients rights and obligations, they are the knowledge variable and perception toward nurses and doctors in fulfilling their rights and obligations variable. From those two variables, the knowledge variable is more dominant related to the fulfillment of patients rights and obligations.

If it is seen in more circumstantial way, the respondents' lack of knowledge are mostly in the information that are got about the allowance to choose doctor during the medication process. While the respondents who have negative perceptions on the attitudes of nurses and doctors, most of them said that they do not give the opportunity to know the content of their medical note (pandemic status) of what they suffered of.

This research suggests that there should be an improvement on the patients' services, especially the services of doctors and nurses. For managerial team, there should be a further improvement of public relation functions, publication of SOPITupoksi for patients' rights and obligations fulfillment. For health personnel, there should be a knowledge and skill development and professionalism enhancement for the services quality of patients. There should be further research to identify broader fulfillment of patients' rights and obligations.

References: 44 (1984 - 2004)."

"ABSTRAKInstalasi Gizi merupakan salah satu unit pelaksana fungsional di RSUPN. Dr Cipto Mangunkusumo, melaksanakan 4 kegiatan pokok yaitu: pengadaan makanan, pelayanan gizi ruang rawat inap, penyuluhan/konsultasi gizi dan rujukan gizi serta penelitian dan pengembangan gizi terapan.Disadari bahwa jumlah ahli gizi di RSCM sejak tahun 1993 hingga 1996 tidak pernah sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan untuk suatu Instalasi Gizi rumah sakit tipe A. Sejalan dengan hal itu berdasarkan laporan kegiatan tahun 1993-1996, hasil pelayanan gizi ruang rawat inap terlihat menurun. Oleh karena itu dilakukan suatu penelitian cross sectional yang bersifat deskriptif analitik mengenai hal-ha1 yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan melalui analisis tugas ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap.Sampel penelitian adalah semua ahli gizi (12 orang) yang ditempatkan di ruang rawat inap. Variabel penelitian dilihat dari 3 aspek :1) terapi gizi , 2) pelayanan makanan dan 3) aspek lain-lain.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa 50% tugas ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap berkaitan dengan aspek terapi gizi, 20% aspek pelayanan makanan dan aspek lain-lain 30%. Kegiatan aspek terapi gizi tampaknya sudah memadai dengan standar dan prosedur pelayanan gizi, hanya dari segi kuantitas terlihat masih rendah. Kegiatan aspek pelayanan makanan ada yang dilakukan setiap hari, 1 kali/minggu maupun 1-2 kali/bulan seperti dinas libur di dapur utama. Sedangkan kegiatan aspek lain-lain berkaitan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan, pendidikan dan pertemuan rutin.Saran yang diusulkan :1.Perlu adanya penyempurnaan uraian tugas ahli gizi ruang rawat inap.2.Merinci kegiatan yang harus dilaksanakan dalam bentuk kegiatan harian, mingguan, bulanan.3.Meninjau kembali ketentuan 5 hari kerja/minggu bagi ahli gizi di ruang rawat inap.4.Perlu disiapkan formulir evaluasi kegiatan untuk menilai prestasi kerja ahli gizi ruang rawat inap.Bahan bacaan : 36

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ABSTRACTDietitian's Job Analysis In The Ward of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, JakartaDietary Department is one of functional unit in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital, which performs four main activities : food services, nutritional care for patients in the ward, dietary consultation, research and development in applied nutrition.Total dietitians in RSCM from 1993 to 1996 was not never fit with the need of Dietary Department of type A hospital.Based on the Dietary Department report from 1993 to 1996 the tendency of nutritional care for patients in the ward decline.For reasons mentioned above, descriptive analytical cross sectional research was held in order to know the related things of job through dietitian's job analysis in the ward.Research samples are 12 dietitians in the ward. The variables research consists of 3 aspects: diet therapy, food services and others.The results of this research are: first, 50% aspect of diet therapy; second, 20% aspect of food services and third, 30% others aspect. The activity of diet therapy aspect is good because it has met the standard and procedure of nutritional care, except that the quantity of this aspect is still small.The activities of food services is done every day, once a week, once or twice a month as is work in the holiday in the main kitchen. While other aspects are related with the increase in knowledge, education and routine meetings.The recommendations are:1. The job description of dietitians in the ward needs improvement.2. The activities that must be done should be in details such as daily, weekly and monthly activities.3. Five work days a week should be reconsidered for dietitians in the ward.4. Evaluated activities form should be prepared in order to evaluate the work performance of dietitians.References : 36"

"Kabupaten Tangerang merupakan wilayah pemerintahan yang berkembang pesat kota, perkembangan tersebut juga diikuti dengan meningkatnya populasi masyarakat yang ada di Kabupaten Tangerang pada saat ini, sarana kesehatan milik pemerintah hanya ada Puskesmas dan Rumah Sakit Umum.Dalam melakukan rencana pengembangan ini diperlukan pengorbanan perkiraan biaya investasi yang tidak sedikit, secara umum aspek-aspek yang akan dikaji dalam pengembangan ruang rawat inap ini meliputi : aspek pasar dan pemasaran, faktor sosio ekonomi dan budaya serta aspek sumber dananya acuan tersebut untuk merealisasikan rencana pengembangan.Rumah Sakit Islam Asshobirin merupakan rumah sakit swasta yang berazaskan keagamaan yang terletak di desa Pondok Jagung Tangerang Kecamatan Serpong berada dibawah naungan Yayasan Muslimin Tangerang yang terletak diwilayah pemukiman Bumi Serpong Damai.Dalam penelitian ini didapatkan gambaran tentang rencana pengembangan ruang rawat inap VIP dari 5 ruang VIP yang tersedia di rumah sakit Islam Asshobirin menjadi 20 ruang VIP, adapun penilaiannya dilakukan secara ekonomis dengan cara menghitung Net Present Value (NPV) dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan disesuaikan dengan bunga bank sebesar 10 % sedangkan bunga pinjaman sebesar 17 % pada saat ini, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus dengan menggunakan data sekunder selama 5 tahun terakhir, serta menganalisis faktor internal dan eksternal di lingkungan rumah sakit Kabupaten Tangerang.Hasil studi ini dilatarbelakangi dengan angka kenyataan yang ada dan mengacu pada data demografi berdasarkan data BPS dan Profile Kesehatan Kabupaten Tangerang bahwa pemanfaatan ruang rawat inap dengan tempat tidur di rumah sakit Kabupaten Tangerang pada tahun 2000 dengan menggunakan rata-rata ALAS selama 4 hari, masih diperlukan lagi sebanyak 1917 sehingga bila diasumsikan menurut kebijakan Departemen Kesehatan 10 % dipergunakan untuk ruang rawat inap VIP maka masih ada sebanyak 191 tempat tidur VIP pada saat ini kenyataan yang ada di rumah sakit Kabupaten Tangerang untuk seluruh rawat inap VIP pada saat ini sebanyak 51 ruang VIP dengan, sehingga bila rumah sakit Islam Asshobirin ingin menambah atau mengembangkan ruang rawat inap VIP masih memungkinkan.Kabupaten Tangerang merupakan daerah kawasan industri, dimana peluang kebutuhan tenaga kerja yang berkualitas dibutuhkan sangat tinggi, sehingga dilihat dari pertumbuhan tenaga yang paling tinggi penempatannya ada pada tingkat sarjana muda maupun sarjana, disamping itu Kabupaten Tangerang juga merupakan penyangga Kota Jakarta dengan demikian diharapkan dalam pengembangan ruang rawat inap VIP dapat memenuhi kebutuhan pelayanan kesehatan masyarakat.Analisis keuangan dilakukan pada 4 (empat) jenis penghitunganyang berbeda pada struktur financingnya yaitu: (1) Equity, Rp.1.085.100.000,- Loan, Rp. 460.000.000,- (2)Equity, Rp.I.460.000.000; Loan, Rp. 0,- (3) Equity, Rp.645.100.000,-Loan, Rp. 1.000.000.000,- (4) Equity, Rp.270.100.000,- Loan, Rp.1.460.000.000,-. Pada penghitungan arus kas selama periode 10 tahun, didapatkan bahwa nilai NPV dan IRK dengan struktur financing yang berbeda adalah sebagai berikut: (1) NPV, Rp. 837.999.699,- , IRR 28,40% (2) NPV, Rp. 910.734.741,- , (3) NPV, Rp. 752.615.083,- , IRR 26,79% (4) NPV, Rp. 679.880.040,- , IRR 25,54%.Dari 4 (empat) alternatif tersebut diatas, alternatif yang dipilih adalah yang pertama dengan struktur financing adalah Equity Rp.1.085.100.000,- Loan, Rp. 460.000.000,- alternatif ini dipilih karena mempunyai nilai IRR. 28,40% yang artinya proyek ini layak dikembangkan karena nilai IRR lebih besar dari bunga yang disyaratkan yaitu 10% dan nilai NPV sebesar Rp. 837.999.699,- yang artinya proyek ini akan memberikan keuntungan dimasa mendatang, sehingga rumah sakit Islam Asshobirin layak untuk didirikan.Diharapkan hasil studi keputusan pengembangan ini harus segera dtindak lanjuti dengan Master Program atau Rencana Induk yang merupakan penjabaran kegiatan selanjutnya dari studi keputusan pengembangan ini agar tidak menjadi sia-sia.

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Development Analysis of Inpatient VIP Room at Asshobirin Islamic Hospital, Tangerang, 2002District of Tangerang is a city of government territory that is growing fast, and follows with increasing of number of population in that district which has health care facilities only primary health care and public hospital.

In doing this development, need much of investment cost estimation. Aspects that will be discussed in this thesis include marketing, social-economics and cultural and also funding resources to realize the development plan.

Asshobirin Islamic Hospital is a private hospital with based on religious aspects and located in Pondok Jagung - Tangerang. This hospital is under Yayasan Muslimin Tangerang (Moslem Foundation of Tangerang) in Bumi Serpong Damai settlement.

In this research we can get the description of development plan of inpatient VIP room with increasing from 5 of VIP rooms to 20 VIP rooms. The assessments done economically with estimated the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and adjusted with the bank interest about 10 % and loan interest in this time about 17 %. This research used case study using secondary data in the past 5 years and analyzed the internal and external factors in environment of District Hospital of Tangerang.

The result of this study is based on the real number and relies on data of demography from BPS and Health Profile of Tangerang District. It said that utilization of inpatient room in Hospital of Tangerang using ALOS (Average Length of Stay) is four days. It means that need more about 1917 rooms so when it formulates with the Health National Department policies, 10% of inpatient rooms are VIP's. Therefore there are 191 VIP's beds. In Hospital of Tangerang District VIP's beds are 51 rooms, so it's possible for Asshobirin Islamic Hospital to increase or develop VIP's inpatient rooms.

District of Tangerang is industrial area where there are the chances of high quality labors. Moreover when we see the growth of labors is dominant with bachelors and undergraduate level. Besides that, District of Tangerang is a support city of Jakarta so it is expected that the development of inpatient VIP's room can fill the needs of public health care.

Financial analysis done with 4 types of different estimation in structure of financing, there are: (1) Equity, Rp.1.085.100.000,- Loan, Rp. 460.000.000,- (2) Equity, Rp.1.460.000.000,- Loan, Rp. 0,- ; (3) Equity, Rp.645.000.000,- Loan, Rp. 1.000.000.000,- ; (4) Equity, Rp.270.100.000,- Loan, Rp. 1.460.000.000,-. In estimation of cash flow in 10 years period, the value of NPV and IRR with structure of financing are: (1) NPV, Rp. 837.999.699,- , IRR 28,40%; (2) NPV, Rp. 910.734.741,- ; (3) NPV, Rp. 752.615.083; , IRR 26,79% ; (4) NPV, Rp. 679.880.040; , IRR 25,54%.

From four types of previous alternative, the chosen alternative is the first one, it is: Equity Rp.1.085.100.000, - Loan, Rp. 460.000.000,-, this alternative is being chosen because of the value of IRR 28, 40% which means this project is worth enough to be developed because the value of IRR bigger than qualification interest (10%) and the value of NPV is Rp. 837.999.699, - which means this project will give future profit so Asshobirin Islamic Hospital is qualified to be built up.

It is expected that the result of decision of this development followed with Master Program or Master Plan which explain about next activities from the results, so this result is not useless."