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"Permasalahan IUU Fishing menimbulkan respon berupa dikonvensikannya PSMA yang mengusung pendekatan port state measures dalam mencegah dan memberantas IUU Fishing. Hal ini kemudian menjadi sangat signifikan bagi negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara, yang industri perikanannya mengalami permasalahan IUU Fishing. Penerapan PSMA di kawasan ini kemudian menjadi penting untuk dikaji untuk dapat mengetahui sejauh mana upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan IUU Fishing di kawasan tersebut telah terwujud. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini kemudian akan menganalisis mengenai bagaimana PSMA mengatur mengenai pencegahan dan pemberantasan IUU Fishing, bagaimana implementasi PSMA dalam hukum nasional negara Thailand, Vietnam, Filipina, dan Indonesia, serta bagaimana praktik Indonesia dalam melaksanakan ketentuan PSMA terhadap kapal yang terlibat IUU Fishing sejauh ini. Dalam menganalisis permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode kepustakaan dengan tipologi deskriptif untuk menjelaskan bagaimana PSMA mencegah dan memberantas IUU Fishing dan mengetahui serta membandingkan penerapannya di negara-negara di Asia Tenggara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PSMA mencegah dan memberantas IUU Fishing dengan menentukan standar-standar minimum ketat yang perlu ditetapkan oleh port state, yang mencakup seluruh runtutan kegiatan kapal asing dalam mendaratkan tangkapannya ke pelabuhan sebelum masuk ke pasar. Kemudian, diketahui juga bahwa hukum nasional Thailand, Vietnam, Filipina, dan Indonesia sudah mengatur pelaksanaan PSMA yang mencerminkan alur port state measures, namun belum sepenuhnya mencakup seluruh aspek yang diatur PSMA. Untuk Indonesia sendiri, pelaksanaan PSMA belum dapat dievaluasi karena belum ada kapal perikanan asing yang melakukan permohonan masuk pelabuhan, serta terkendala tumpang tindih kewenangan antar kementerian, dan kekosongan hukum terkait pelabuhan yang tidak ditunjuk sebagai pelaksana PSMA.

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The problem of IUU Fishing triggered the creation of PSMA, which advocates port state measures approach in preventing, deterring, and eliminating IUU fishing. This becomes a very significant matter for countries in the Southeast Asia region, whose fishing industry is experiencing problems with IUU fishing. The implementation of PSMA in this area then becomes important to analyze in order to find out how far efforts to prevent and eradicate IUU fishing in the area have been realized. This study will analyze how PSMA regulates the prevention and eradication of IUU Fishing, how PSMA is implemented in Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia’s legal systems, and how Indonesia has practiced implementing PSMA provisions on vessels involved in IUU Fishing. In analyzing these problems, this study uses a literature method with a descriptive typology to explain how PSMA prevents and eradicates IUU Fishing and to find out and compares its application in Southeast Asian countries. The results show that PSMA prevents and eradicates IUU fishing by determining strict standards which needs to be set by the port state, which encompasses the entire sequence of activities that foreign ships go through in landing their catches to ports before entering the market. Then, it was also known that the national laws of Thailand, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Indonesia had already regulated the implementation of PSMA which reflected the flow of port state measures, but yet to all aspects in PSMA. For Indonesia itself, the implementation of PSMA cannot be evaluated yet because no foreign fishing vessels have applied for port entry, and are constrained by overlapping authorities between ministries, and legal vacuum related to ports that are not appointed as PSMA implementers."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas pengaturan dan praktik port state measures dalam menanggulangi Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU Fishing). Penelitian ini berbentuk yuridis-normatif dengan desain deskriptif, dengan tujuan memberikan pemahaman mengenai ketentuan port state measures dan penerapannya terhadap Negera-Negara Pihak dari FAO Port State Measures Agreement 2009 yaitu Australia, Selandia Baru, St. Kitts and Nevis, Uni Eropa, dan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi ketentuan port state measures di negara-negara tersebut berbeda-beda. Namun dapat digarisbawahi bahwa port state measures mempunyai kelebihan tersendiri yang pada akhirnya ketentuan ini akan lebih efektif dalam menanggulangi IUU Fishing. Penelitian menyarankan pentingnya kodifikasi atas peraturan mengenai port state measures yang bertujuan langsung untuk menanggulangi IUU Fishing khususnya di Indonesia.

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ABSTRAKThis study focuses on international law regime and state practices on port state measures in mitigating illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU Fishing). This normative juridical and descriptive research is addressed to give an understanding on port state measures and its implementation towards State Parties of FAO Port State Measures Agreement 2009, spesifically Australia, New Zealand, St. Kitts and Nevis, European Union, and Indonesia. This study shows that the implementation on port state measures from those countries are vary. However, port state measures has its own advantages that ultimately this provision will be more effective in mitigating IUU Fishing. The researcher suggests the importance of putting regulations into codification that focusing on port state measures in mitigating IUU Fishing especially in Indonesia."

"Skripsi ini membahas sertifikasi hasil tangkapan ikan atau catch certificate sebagai salah satu bentuk market-related measures untuk menanggulangi Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU fishing). Penelitian ini berbentuk yuridis-normatif dengan desain deskriptif, dengan tujuan memberikan pemahaman mengenai ketentuan sertifikasi hasil tangkapan ikan dan penerapannya di beberapa negara yaitu Indonesia, Australia dan Filipina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa negara-negara tersebut telah melaksanakan ketentuan sertifikasi hasil tangkapan ikan, dengan tingkat kemajuan yang berbeda, untuk produk perikanan yang akan diperdagangkan sebagai salah satu upaya dalam menanggulangi IUU fishing.

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This study focuses on catch certificate as one of the tools in market-related measures to deter Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing (IUU fishing). This normative juridical and descriptive research is addressed to give an understanding of the provisions about catch certificate and its implementation in some states spesifically Indonesia, Australia and Philippines. This study shows that those countries has implemented the provisions of catch certificate, with different levels of advancement, for fisheries products that will be traded as a method to deter IUU fishing."

"ABSTRAKini mencoba untuk menjelaskan tentang implementasi program penanggulangan kasus penangkapan ikan secara ilegal di wilayah perairan Indonesia yang dilakukan oleh Satgas Pemberantasan Penangkapan Ikan secara Ilegal Satgas Illegal Fishing . Dalam Satgas tersebut KKP, TNI AL, Polri, BAKAMLA, dan Kejaksaan Agung bekerja sama untuk memberantas penangkapan ikan secara ilegal yang terjadi di wilayah perairan Indonesia. Pada implementasinya, berbagai upaya telah dilakukan, mulai dari kerjasama dengan lembaga dalam negeri, organisasi internasional dan negara lain. Kekurangan dalam implementasi terjadi pada pertukaran informasi dan komunikasi yang kurang intens sehingga terjadi kecolongan, dan juga BAKAMLA yang partisipasinya tidak begitu terlihat dalam penanggulangan illegal fishing ini.

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ABSTRAKpaper attempts to explain the implementation of illegal fishing cases control program in Indonesian waters conducted by the Illegal Fishing Task Force. Previous systems failed to handle the case of illegal fishing, so, through Presidential Decree No. 115 2015, a Task Force was formed to combat illegal fishing. Inside the Task Force, the Ministry of Marine and Fisheries, Navy, Police, BAKAMLA, and the Attorney General are working together to combat illegal fishing that occurred in Indonesian waters. In its implementation, various attempts have been made, ranging from cooperation with domestic institutions, international organizations and other countries. Shortcoming in the implementation occurs in the exchange of information and communication, and also BAKAMLA whose participation is not so visible in response to illegal fishing problem."

"Besarnya potensi perikanan Indonesia tidak diimbangi dengan pendapatan yang diperoleh negara akibat kegiatan IUU fisjing. IUU fishing memberikan dampak pada lingkungan, ekomini, maupun sosial. Pengawasan kegiatan IUU fishing di Indonesia dilakukan oleh Kementeria Kelautan dan Perikanan. Sistem pengawasan kegiatan IUU fishing di Indonesia dibagi menjadi empat yaitu pengawasan before fishing, while fishing, during landing, dan post landing. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengawasan yang diakukan oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan bekerja sama dengan BAKAMLA, POLAIR, dan TNI AL. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai bagaimana sistem pengawasan kegiatan IUU fishing yang dilakukan oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis deskriptif. Hasil skripsi ini menggambarkan bagaimana pengawasan yang dilakukan pada saat before fishing, while fishing, during landing, dan post landing.

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Indonesia have great potential of fisheries, but Indonesia get low income from fisheries cause IUU fishing. Activities of illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing give negative impact to environment, economy, and social. Controlling of IUU fishing in Indonesia is countered by Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. Controlling system of IUU fishing in Indonesia devide into controlling of before fishing, while fishing, during landing, and post landing. Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries make cooperation with BAKAMLA, POLAIR, and TNI AL in controlling of IUU fishing in Indonesia. This research use qualitative research metode with descriptive analysis. The research result describe about controlling in before fishing, while fishing, during landing, dan post landing."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang IUU-Fishing yang secara langsung merupakan ancaman bagi pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan yang bertanggung jawab dan menghambat pengembangan perikanan tangkap yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui mekanisme penanganan IUU-Fishing di Laut Arafura, mengkaji faktor faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kegiatan IUU-Fishing, dan menyusun strategi kebijakan penanggulangannya yang dapat dilakukan oleh Dinas Perikanan dan Kelautan Propinsi Papua. Hasil identifikasi kegiatan pelanggaran penangkapan ikan yang ditemui terjadi di Laut Arafura yaitu : kegiatan illegal fishing antara lain: kapal-kapal penangkap ikan tidak dilengkapi dengan Surat Izin Penangkapan Ikan (SIUP) dan Surat Penangkapn Ikan(SIPI), kapal-kapal ikan tidak melakukan ketentuan yang tertera dalam SIUP atau SIPI (jenis dan ukuran alat tangkap yang tidak sesuai, pelanggaran fishing ground), kapal tidak dilengkapi dengan Vessel Monitoring system (VMS.), dan Kegiatan pair trawl. Jenis kegiatan unreported fishing yang terjadi yaitu nelayan melakukan pembongkaran dan penjualan ikan (transhipment) di tengah laut.

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This thesis discusses the IUU-fishing that is a direct threat to the management of fish resources which is liable and inhibits the development of sustainable fisheries. The purpose of this thesis is to determine the mechanism of controlling IUU-fishing in the Arafura Sea, examines the factors that influence the IUU-Fishing activity, and devise strategies to overcome policies that can be done by the Department of Fisheries and Marine in Papua Province.

The identification results of violations of fishing activities encountered in the Arafura Sea: illegal fishing activities which includes: fishing vessels not equipped with a Fishing License (Business License) and Letter of Fishing (SIPI), fishing vessels activities are incompliance with the provisions listed in the Business License or SIPI (the type and size of fishing gears that which are incompliance with the fishing ground), ships unequipped with a vessel Monitoring system (VMS.), and pair trawling activities. This type of unreported fishing activities that occurs is that fisherman conduct demolition and fish selling (transshipment) in the middle of the sea."

"Menanggapi masalah Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing IUU Fishing yang tengah dihadapi Indonesia, Pemerintah Indonesia mengeluarkan beberapakebijakan yang dapat menurunkan jumlah aktivitas IUU Fishing, yang salah satudiantaranya adalah tindakan penenggelaman kapal bagi kapal pelaku IUU Fishing.Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui apakah tindakan penenggelaman kapalyang dilakukan sudah sesuai dengan hukum nasional dan internasional, sertamemenuhi kriteria penegakan hukum. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan denganstudi kepustakaan dan wawancara dengan narasumber yaitu Kementerian Kelautandan Perikanan Republik Indonesia dan Satuan Tugas Pemberantas Illegal Fishing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan penenggelaman kapal sudah sesuaiberdasarkan hukum nasional dan internasional yaitu berdasarkan Pasal 25, 27 dan73 UNCLOS serta Pasal 69 ayat 4 dan 76A UU No. 45 Tahun 2009 tentangPerikanan. Namun dalam pandangan sebagai upaya penegakan hukum, masihterdapat ketidakpastian hukum khususnya jika didasarkan Pasal 69 ayat 4 UU No.45 Tahun 2009 karena barang bukti kapal tidak memenuhi prosedur sebagaimanaterdapat pada Kitab Hukum Acara Pidana. Sehingga masih diperlukan adanyaperbaikan terhadap peraturan untuk melakukan penenggelaman kapal khususnyayang didasari Pasal 69 ayat 4 UU No. 45 Tahun 2009.

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In response to the Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing IUU Fishing problems that Indonesias currently facing, the Government issued several policiesthat could reduce the number of IUU Fishing activities, one of which is the act ofsinking ship for those who committed IUU Fishing activity. This research intendsto know whether the act of sinking the ship is aligning with national andinternational law as well as fulfill the criteria of law enforcement. Data collectionmethod of this research was done by literature study and interview with Ministry ofMarine Affairs and Fisheries and Illegal Fishing Task Force.

The results of theresearch indicate that the act of sinking the vessel is appropriate according tonational and international law, namely Article 25, 27 and 73 UNCLOS and Article69 paragraph 4 and Article 76A Law no. 45 Year 2009 on Fisheries. However, inview of law enforcement efforts, there are still legal uncertainties, especially ifbased on Article 69 paragraph 4 of Law no. 45 Year 2009 because is no proceduresas of how to transferred the vessels into the legitimate evidence as stated in Bookof the Criminal Procedure Code. Therefore it is still necessary to improve theregulation regarding the act of sinking ship especially based on Article 69 paragraph 4 of Law no. 45 Year 2009."

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Penelitian ini mengkaji motivasi Indonesia dalam melakukan lokalisasi norma anti illegal unreported unregulated fishing (IUUF). Indonesia telah menghadapi ancaman kedaulatan dan eksploitasi sumber daya perikanan sejak awal kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia. Indonesia selalu patuh terhadap kebijakan internasional PBB. Deklarasi Djuanda dan UNCLOS telah menjadi dasar kebijakan perikanan Indonesia selama lebih dari lima dekade. Kebijakan internasional yang ada ternyata tidak cukup untuk mengamankan cadangan ikan dan biota laut dunia. FAO menyadari menurunnya produksi pangan dari ikan yang terancam punah. Setelah melakukan penelitian dan menerapkan kebijakan International Plan of Action on Illegal Unreported Unregulated Fishing yang sukarela diterapkan oleh negara-negara anggota FAO, kebijakan ternyata secara global efektif mengurangi kerugian akibat IUUF. Norma Anti IUUF relevan untuk diadopsi Indonesia namun Indonesia melakukan perubahan yang tadinya sekedar manajemen perikanan menjadi masalah keamanan dan pidananya bertingkat karena maraknya kejahatan yang menyertai IUUF. Norma Anti IUUF telah memberi kekuatan bagi legitimasi kebijakan Indonesia yang telah ada dengan menerapkan kebijakan yang multidoor bagi pelaku IUUF. Norma Anti IUUF memberi diskursif tindakan bagi aktor domestik transnasional Indonesia untuk menegakkan kebijakan anti IUUF. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa norma anti IUUF yang kritis dan konstruktivis sangat relevan untuk diterapkan di Indonesia. Pembuatan kebijakan anti IUUF dan lembaga khusus yang menangani IUUF, diharapkan dapat menegakkan kedaulatan Indonesia dan melestarikan keberlanjutan sumber daya maritim dan perikanan Indonesia.

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This study examines Indonesia’s motivation in localizing anti-illegal unreported unregulated fishing (IUUF) norms. Indonesia has faced the threat of sovereignty and exploitation of fisheries resources since the beginning of the independence of the Republic of Indonesia. Indonesia always adheres to the UN's international policies. The Djuanda and UNCLOS Declarations have been the basis of Indonesia's fisheries policy for more than five decades. The existing international policy is apparently not enough to secure the world's fish and marine biota reserves. FAO realizes the decline in food production from endangered fish stock. After conducting research and applying the International Plan of Action (IPOA) policy on Illegal Unreported Unregulated Fishing which is voluntarily implemented by FAO member countries, the policy turned out to be globally effective in reducing losses due to IUUF. Anti-IUUF norms are relevant to adopted into Indonesia situation, but instead of merely fisheries managementt, Indonesia make its regulations into a multi-level security because of the widespread crime that accompanies IUUF. The anti-IUUF norm has strengthened the legitimacy of existing Indonesian fisheries policies by implementing multidoor policies for IUUF actors. The Anti-IUUF norm gives discursive actions for Indonesian domestic transnational actors to enforce anti-IUUF policies. This research concludes that the critical and constructivist anti-IUUF norms are very relevant to be applied in Indonesia. Making anti-IUUF policies and special institutions that handle the IUUF expected to be able to uphold Indonesia's sovereignty and preserve the sustainability of Indonesia's maritime and fishery resources.

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"Background: The occurrence of the IUU fishing in high seas and State water jurisdiction has been developed in many regions all over the world and become one of the global issues. International law related to fisheries has the significant role as a combatant towards such issue through international movement, implemented by States reflected on each State practices.Research questions: This research will analyze the practice and history of the IUU fishing terminology, international law and regulation related to fisheries, State measures and current State practices enforced by States.Research Methodology: An effective international law and regulations related to fisheries could cope with such problem noted that consistently followed by the implementation of State practices in their national measures. Assisted with international coordination, effort and movement to form cooperation.Conclusion: The international movement to combat IUU fishing is one of the most forward importance for international community coping IUU fishing issues since acknowledged that such issue is one of the global context problem necessarily needed international cooperation and coordination to implement best optimum management and conservation sustainability related to fisheries activity, mainly in abolishment of IUU fishing, by adopting effective international regulations."

"Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing sebagai bentuk ancaman kontemporer merupakan hasil dari perkembangan kajian keamanan internasional yang tidak lagi terfokus pada militer, tetapi juga dimensi lain yang saling terkait yakni militer, sosial, politik, ekonomi dan lingkungan. Maraknya praktik IUU Fishing memberikan dampak buruk yang siginifikan kepada negara-negara korban, seperti Indonesia dan Australia. Menjawab masalah ini, kedua negara menetapkan cara penangangan luar biasa extraordinary measure yang diimplementasikan melalui produk kebijakan dengan pendekatan yang berbeda. Indonesia menggunakan pendekatan law enforcement dengan kebijakan penenggelaman kapal sedangkan Australia lebih memilih untuk melakukan pendekatan diplomasi dan perundang-undangan. Teori sekuritisasi dari Barry Buzan dan metode perbandingan politik digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebagai fondasi analisa dan bertujuan untuk menghadirkan kajian keamanan melalui politik perbandingan. Analisa pada penelitian ini ditekankan pada besarnya peran aktor sekuritisasi dalam kebijakan kedua negara. Hasil temuan dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa kedua negara mampu mengimplementasikan produk kebijakannya dengan efektif yang dibuktikan dengan peningkatan pada sumber daya perikanan dan pengurangan praktik IUU Fishing.

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Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing IUU Fishing as a form of contemporary threat is the result of the development of international security studies that is no longer focused on military, but also other aspects such as social, politics, economy, and environment. The rise of IUU Fishing gives a significant negative impact towards the victim countries, such as Indonesia and Australia. Answering this problem, both countries define extraordinary measure which is implemented through policy products with different approaches. While Indonesia is using the law enforcement approaches, Australia, in the other hand, prefers to approach diplomacy and legislation. Barry Buzan's theory of securitization and political comparison methods is used in this research as a foundation of analysis and aims to present security studies through comparative politics. The analysis of this research emphasizes the role of actors of securitization in both countries'policy. The result of this research shows that both countries are able to implement their policy product effectively which is proved by the increasing of fisheries resources and the decreasing of IUU Fishing. "