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"Pemeriksaan pajak merupakan salah satu bentuk penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pajak Jenderal Pajak (DJP) untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan wajib pajak. Objek pemeriksaan pajakKualitas adalah bahan baku yang dibutuhkan DJP untuk pemeriksaan pajak dapat berjalan secara efektif. DJP telah membentuk Komite Perencanaan Audit yang memiliki: kewenangan untuk menetapkan objek pemeriksaan mutu. Objek inspeksi wajib memenuhi 4 (empat) variabel yaitu indikasi ketidakpatuhan wajib pajak, modus Ketidakpatuhan Wajib Pajak, potensi tax/tax gap, dan tingkat kolektibilitas. Penelitian inimenggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas variabel pemilihan objek pemeriksaan pajak. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemilihan objek pajak merupakan proses penting yang harus dilakukan agar DJP dapat memperoleh objek tersebut pemeriksaan yang berkualitas dalam rangka meningkatkan upaya pemeriksaan pajak.Tax audit is one form of law enforcement carried out by the Directorate General of Taxes General of Taxes (DGT) to improve taxpayer compliance. Tax inspection object Quality is the raw material needed by DGT for tax audit can run effectively. DGT has established an Audit Planning Committee which has: authority to determine the object of quality inspection. Mandatory inspection object fulfills 4 (four) variables, namely an indication of taxpayer non-compliance, mode ofTaxpayer non-compliance, potential tax/tax gap, and collectibility level. This research using a qualitative approach that aims to analyze the quality of the variables selection of tax audit object. The results of this study indicate that the selection of tax object is an important process that must be carried out so that the DGT can obtain the objectquality audits in order to improve tax audit efforts."

"The transaction price of goods, or service fees, are affected by a variety of factors such as types and quality of the goods concerned, competition, consumer demand and general economic condition. In general transaction prices constitute base prices added by the firm's margin. In the business world at a particular time transaction prices do not account for margins, with some perhaps even being found lower than the cost of goods production. However, tax authorities pay attention to related party transactions as their prices may be subject to manipulation. These prices will be set at arm's length if we compare them with those for independent parties. As a further result, the taxable income reported in tax returns of the taxpayers in question are less than what it should be. The main issue and question in the author's research are how to determine that a transaction has been conducted at arm's length and what connection can be found between the corrections made through audit and income tax revenue. The pricing set for transactions between related parties are called as transfer pricing. A related party transaction is deemed to occur when there is a link between the common and controlling shareholders, management of the parties involved, including their horizontal and vertical family relationships. One way to determine if there is an arm's length price is to compare the transfer pricing on related parties and those on unrelated parties. Some of the common approaches applied-are the comparable uncontrol price method, resale price method, cost plus method and comparable profit method.

The author surveyed the results of inspections conducted by the State Revenue Optimization Team (SROT) into related firm transactions.

From the survey, the author has found:

1. In practice it is difficult to arrive at an accurate comparative figure as the period of the audit above has been limited and data and information concerning similar firms to taxpayers are lacking. A new approach which has been employed by tax authorities in several countries for the purpose of reducing the occurrences of problems associated with the determination of transaction prices is called as the Advanced Pricing Arrangement. This method has been set out in Article 18(3a) of Law number 17 of 2000.

2. The corrections through audit into or the potential income tax revenue by SROT from the transactions conducted between taxpayers and their related parties amount to Rp 932,952,280,602. However, only Rp 51,821,609,658, or 5.55% of this amount was accepted by taxpayers. Hence, these taxpayers did want to pay a total of Rp 881,130,670,944, or 94.45%. The taxpayers then request of objection or appeals on the assessments made by the Director General of Taxation. However, the Director General of Taxation rejected these request . In addition, the Tax Court rejected appeals which amounted to Rp 4,696,385,476.

The corrections above were conducted due to the fact that:

- There has been lack of audit guidelines concerning related party transactions.

- Taxpayers are unable to make clear explanations on how they arrived at transfer pricing. In addition, the factors which cause transfer pricing vary from those affecting market prices, or the transaction prices among unrelated parties.

The author recommends as follows:

- Taxpayers should make a pricing policy whereby transaction prices are described and broken down. In addition, they should explain the factors which cause their transfer pricing to differ from market prices, or the transaction prices among unrelated company.

- Tax authorities set a comparative figure or indicator, taken from taxpayers' data bases, as a reference for auditor for the purpose of assessing transaction fairness.

- Consideration should be made to re-evaluate the fines in the form of interest payments, and penalties which are regulated in Law number 16 of 2000. Different sanctions, in the form of, for example, higher percentage or without correspondence adjustments, should be charged on taxpayers who do provide information on their related party transactions.

- Issuance of the implementation guidelines for Article 18(3a) of Law number 17 of 2000 to both taxpayers and the Directorate General of Taxation regarding agreements about the determination of transaction prices."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis efektivitas pemeriksaan pajak pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Jakarta Kembangan dalam mencapai target penerimaan pajak dan menganalisis masalah yang dihadapi oleh pemeriksa pajak selama pemeriksaan pajak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dengan wawancara mendalam. Indikator Kerangka McKinsey yang digunakan untuk mengukur efektivitas pemeriksaan pajak mengidentifikasi indikator efektif yaitu struktur, staf dan nilai bersama. Indikator yang tidak efektif atau kurang efektif terdiri dari strategi, sistem, keterampilan dan gaya. Masalah selama pemeriksaan pajak adalah waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk membuka rekening bank Wajib Pajak, hal ini disebabkan kebijakan pengungkapan bank membutuhkan waktu sehingga mengakibatkan keterlambatan pemeriksaan pajak.

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ABSTRACTThe research is intended to study the effectiveness of tax examinations at Pratama Jakarta Kembangan Tax Service Office in achieving targeted tax revenue and analyzes problems encountered by tax examiners during tax examinations. The method employed in this research is descriptive analysis study. Data collection is obtained by in depth interview. The McKinsey Framework indicators which are utilized to measure which are utilized to measure the tax examination effectiveness identifies the following effective indicators which are structure, staff and shared value. The ineffective or less effective indicators consist of strategy, system, skill, and style. Primary problem during tax examination is the time taken to open the bank the bank account of the tax payer, this is due to the bank disclosure policy which requires time that resulted in delay of the tax examination. "

"Pelaksanaan quality assurance pemeriksaan telah berlangsung lebih dari 12 tahun. Melalui PMK 184/2015, adanya pembatasan terkait dasar hukum menurunkan kebermanfaatan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pemeriksaan pajak. Tentu hal ini bertolak belakang dengan peran dari quality assurance sehingga perlu untuk dilakukan evaluasi. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap kebijakan quality assurance sehingga dapat mengetahui faktor penghambat dan merancang solusi untuk memaksimalkan perannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan data diambil dari studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci. Hasil dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi berdasarkan proses kinerjanya belum maksimal dan memberikan kebermanfaatan bagi Wajib Pajak, pelaksanaan tidak efektif yang disebabkan oleh pembatasan pembahasan, waktu pembahasan yang singkat, independensi dan kompetensi, pandangan tidak netral terhadap Wajib Pajak, serta kurangnya quality assurance tidak menunjukkan hasil yang positif dalam meningkatkan kualitas pemeriksaan. Berdasarkan dampaknya, Wajib Pajak tidak merasakan kehadiran quality assurance. Berdasarkan analasis biaya-manfaat pelaksanaan quality assurance menyebabkan banyak waktu, tenaga, dan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan baik untuk Wajib Pajak dan fiskus.

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The implementation of quality assurance has been going more than 12 years. Through PMK 184/2015, the existence of restrictions related to legal basis reduces objective to improving the quality of tax audit. This is contrary to the role of quality assurance so it is important to evaluate. This research is aimed to evaluating quality assurance policies so that they can identify the inhibiting factors and design solutions to maximize their role. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach and data were taken from literature studies and in-depth interviews with key informants. The results of this study indicate that evaluation based on the performance process is not maximized and provides benefits for taxpayers, implementation is ineffective due to discussion restrictions, time-limit discussion, independence and competence, views that are not neutral towards taxpayers, and lack of outreach. Based on the results of the implementation of quality assurance did not show positive results in improving the quality of tax audit. Based on the impact, taxpayers do not feel the function of quality assurance. Based on a cost-benefit analysis, the implementation of quality assurance causes a lot of time, effort, and costs that must be spent for both taxpayers and tax authorities."

"Penerimaan pajak menjadi tulang punggung penerimaan negara sejak beralihnya status Indonesia menjadi negara net importer minyak bumi yang dikarenakan produksi minyak dalam negeri tidak dapat memenuhi kebutuhan domestik. Kriteria kinerja penerimaan pajak suatu negara dilihat dari tax ratio negara tersebut, dimana kalau berdasarkan tax ratio , negara kita memiliki index yang paling rendah di antara negara Asean, sehingga masih ada potensi untuk meningkatkannya Tax ratio dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya adalah kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dan salah satu usaha Direktorat Jenderal Pajak (DJP) meningkatkan kepatuhan adalah dengan melakukan Pemeriksaan terhadap Surat Pemberitahuan pajak yang disampaikan oleh Wajib Pajak.Dalam melakukan pemeriksaan, seringkaii masyarakat mempertanyakan mutu dan laporan Pemeriksaan Pajak dan standar yang dipakai oleh pemeriksa pajak dalam melakukan pemeriksaan. Untuk menjawab keragu-raguan tersebut, Kantor Wilayah (Kanwil) DJP-Jawa Bagian Barat I melakukan review terhadap Laporan Pemeriksaan Pajak atas Surat Pemberitahuan Pajak tahunan yang menyatakan lebih bayar datas Rp 100 juta yang diiakukan oleh Karikpa dalam Iingkungannya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meiihat hubungan antara kualitas pemeriksaan pajak yang dilakukan oleh Karikpa Tangerang dan Hasil Audit Review yang dilakukan Kanwil DJP-Jawa Bagian Barat I terhadap Laporan Pemeriksaan Pajak terhadap SPT Iebih bayar yang dilakukan oleh Karikpa Tangerang Mutu Laporan Pemeriksaan Pajak, terkait dengan profesionalisme pemeriksa dan untuk meneliti mutu Laporan Pajak tersebut dilakukan dengan mengajukan kuesioner terhadap 20 orang perneriksa di Karikpa Tangerang, dimana kuesioner tersebut meliputi : pemeriksa pajak, perencanaan pemeriksaan dan pelaksanaan pemeriksaan. Sedangkan untuk Audit review, dilakukan analisa terhadap hasil review dan mengkuantifisir dengan cara pemberian nilai terhadap hasil review.Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah metode survey dengan eksplanasi asosiatif dimana alat pengumpulan data yang utama adalah kuesioner dan menjelaskan hubungan antara dua variabel yaitu kualitas pemeriksaan pajak sebagai independen variabel, dengan hasil audit review terhadap Laporan Pemeriksaan Pajak sebagai dependen variabel.Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada hubungan atau pengaruh yang signifikan antara kualitas pemeriksaan dengan hasil audit review.Dari hasil penelitian dapat diperoleh gambaran tentang profil Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) pemeriksa yang menjadi responden rata-rata memiliki kualifikasi yang baik untuk menjadi pemerik sadari tingkat pendidikan, pengalaman, dan usia. Sedangkan dalam pelaksanaan pemeriksaan, tahapan-tahapan yang dilakukan, yaitu mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan pemeriksaan, pelaporan hasil pemeriksaan, tindak Ianjut hasil pemeriksaan, dan tanggapan Wajib Pajak Serta pengetahuan ketentuan perpajakan telah dilaksanakan dengan baik. Hasil penelitian yang menggunakan uji statistik Spearman rank diperoleh hasil bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kualitas pemeriksaan di Karikpa Tangerang dengan hasil audit review yang dilakukan Kanwil DJP-Jawa Bagian Barat I terhadap Iaporan pemeriksaan pajak lebih bayar.

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Tax revenue has become the back bone of the state's earning since the change of status of Indonesia to becoming a net importer of oil for the domestic production of oil cannot meet the domestic demand. The criterion of performance of tax eaming of a country is viewed from the tax ratio of the country, where based on the tax ratio point of view, our contry has the lowest index amongst the Asean countries, so tha there is still a potential to improve it. Tax ratio is influenced by some factors, among others by the obedience of Tax Payers and one of the efforts of the Directorate General of Tax to enhance the obedience is through verification of Tax Notice Submitted by Tax Payers.

ln doing the verification, people often raise questions regarding the quality of the Tax Verification Report and the srandard applied by the tax verification official in carrying out the verification. To respon to the hesitation, the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Tax Western Java I, conducts a review on the Tax Verification Report on annual Tax Notice indicating over payment over Rp 100 million carried out by the Tax Verification Office within its circle.

The purpose of this survey is to see thr relationship between the verification quality carried out by the Office of Tax Verification Tangerang and the outcome of Audit Review carried out by the Regional Office of Directorate General of Tax Westem Java I against te Tax Verification Report on over-payment Tax notice done by the Office of Tax Verification Tangerang. The quality of Tax report is related to the professionalism of the verification officials and in order to examine the quality of the Tax Report a set of questionnaries is addressed to 20 verification officials in Tax Verification Office Tangerang ; the questionnaries include : tax verification, verification planning, and implementation of verification. As for Audit Review, analyze the outcome of review and quantify by giving point to the review result.

The survey method used is a survey method with associative explanation where the main data gathering is questionnaries and to explain the relationship between two variables namely the quality of tax verification as an independent variable, with the result of audit review of Tax verification report as dependent variable. The hypothesis put forward is the significant relationship or influence between the quality of verification and the result of the audit review.

From the result of examination, we can get a picture regarding the profile of Human Resources of the responding verification officials ; from education, experience, and age point of view generally they have good qualification for becoming verification officials. As for implementation of verification, the steps to be taken, namely starting from planning, implementation of verification, reporting of verification result, follow-up action of the verification result, response of Tax Payers, as well as knowlwdge of taxation regulation have been caried out appropriately. The result of the survey using statistical test spearman rank indicates that there is no significant relationship between the verification quality at Tax Verification Office Tangerang and the result of Audit Review carried out by the Regional Office of the Directorate General of Tax Western Java i on the verification report on over-paid tax."

"The aim of this study is to explain the implementation of tax audit policy in KPP Jakarta Gambir Dua and to explain the influence of audit policy in attaining target of tax income at KPP Jakarta Gambir Dua. The method of study that used in descriptive statistics is data tabulation through frequency calculation, and inferential statistic, viz correlation test to measure the variable influence of audit policy implementation to the target attainment of tax income at KPP Jakarta Gambir Dua based on quarterly since 2002 to 2004.

The result of study indicates that realization of accomplished SP3 that does not meet standard of stipulated achievement occurred on fourth quarterly in 2002, and first and fourth in 2003. It indicates that impact of policy encourages the audit in order to add audit of income. Yet, in general, the average value of realization of accomplishment attainment SP3 is greatest than stipulated achievement standard.

The result of study of accomplishment for SP3 has enough correlation but negative toward target attainment of tax income, because free of differentiation of achievement standard of accomplished SP3 between potential that yield tax audit which should be attained by auditor of tax audit in tax audit policy."

"Studi ini bertujuan membuktikan bahwa pemeriksaan pajak memiliki hubungan dengan agresivitas pajak. Dengan menggunakan sampel 98 perusahaan terbuka di sektor nonkeuangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa pemeriksaan pajak memiliki hubungan dengan agresivitas pajak. Dengan menggunakan Fixed Effect Model with Driscoll and Kraay Standard Error dan memisahkan pemeriksaan berdasarkan tujuannya, penelitian ini juga memberikan bukti bahwa pemeriksaan dengan tujuan restitusi berpengaruh positif terhadap agresivitas pajak, sedangkan pemeriksaan dengan tujuan analisis risiko tidak berpengaruh. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepada regulator agar mengoptimalkan pemeriksaan pajak untuk menurunkan tindakan penghindaran pajak oleh perusahaan.

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This study aims to prove that tax audit has a relationship with tax aggressiveness. By using a sample of 98 public companies in the non-financial sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, this study proves that tax audits have a relationship with tax aggressiveness. By using the Fixed Effect Model with Driscoll and Kraay Standard Error and separating audits based on their objectives, this study also provides evidence that audits with the aim of restitution have a positive effect on tax aggressiveness, while audits with the aim of risk analysis have no effect. The implications of the research results show regulators to optimize tax audits to reduce tax evasion by companies."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan penyusunan audit plan dan audit program di wilayah Kanwil DJP Jakarta Timur berdasarkan aspek strategi yang dilakukan, operasional pelaksanaan, dan manajemen kasus yang dibuat. Penelitian ini juga mempunyai tujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh penyusunan audit plan dan audit program dalam meningkatkan kualitas pemeriksaan.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mix methods dengan menggabungkan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif untuk memahami masalah penelitian. Metode Kuantitatif dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dengan memanfaatkan sebanyak 70 sampel petugas pemeriksa pajak yang diambil dengan menggunakan tehnik covenience sampling, diolah melalui uji statistik deskriptif, uji regresi dan uji koefisien determinasi. Untuk metode kualitatif, peneliti menggunakan wawancara dan mengolahnya untuk melakukan cek silang dan membantu menginterpretasikan hasil penelitian kuantitatif sehingga diperoleh hasil yang lebih komprehensif.Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran bahwa penyusunan audit plan dan audit program di wilayah Kanwil DJP Jakarta Timur secara garis besar telah dilakukan dengan baik, Namun masih terkendala dengan supporting data yang dimiliki masih kurang mendukung untuk mengetahui operasional bisnis WP yang sebenarnya. Sedangkan berdasarkan hasil pengujian dengan analisa regresi linier sederhana yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa antara penyusunan audit plan dan audit program dalam meningkatkan kualitas pemeriksaan menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan. Sementara itu nilai beta yang bertanda positif menunjukkan bahwa semakin baik penyusunan audit plan dan audit program akan meningkatkan kualitas pemeriksaan pajak.

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ABSTRACTThis research was conducted to analyze how the implementation of audit plan and program audit on Kanwil DJP Jakarta Timur based on the strategy aspect, implementation operation, and case management made. This study also has a purpose to analyze the effect of preparation of audit plan and audit program in improving the quality of examination.This research uses mix method approach by combining qualitative and quantitative methods to understand the research problem. Quantitative method is done by using questionnaires by utilizing as many as 70 samples of tax auditors taken with covenience sampling technique, processed through descriptive statistical test, regression test and coefficient of determination test. For qualitative methods, researchers use interviews and process them to cross check and help interpret the results of quantitative research to obtain more comprehensive results.The results of the study provide an illustration that the preparation of audit plan and program audit on Kanwil DJP Jakarta Timur has been done well, but still constrained by supporting data owned is still less support to know the actual Tax Payer business operations. While based on the test results with regression analysis conducted know that between the preparation of audit plan and audit program in improving the quality of examination showed a significant influence. Meanwhile, the beta value marked positive indicates that the better preparation of audit plan and audit program will improve the quality of tax audit."

"ABSTRAK

Pemeriksaan pajak merupakan konsekuensi logis dari pemberlakuan sistem self assesment. Pemeriksaan sekaligus menjadi sarana ideal untuk memastikan negara mendapatkan bagian pemajakan yang adil dari tingginya porsi transaksi lintas batas negara. Momentum penandatanganan komitmen pertukaran informasi alokasi penghasilan, pajak yang dibayar, dan aktivitas usaha per negara atau Country by Country Reporting (CbCR) diyakini peneliti merupakan saat yang tepat untuk merekontruksi kebijakan pemeriksaan pajak sebagai upaya penanggulangan penghindaran pajak utamanya transfer pricing pada perusahaan penanaman modal asing. Atas dasar itulah tujuan penelitian ini ditetapkan. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif melalui studi literatur dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan dibutuhkan rekonstruksi kebijakan pada policy level, dengan (i) revisi Undang-Undang agar adaptif terhadap perkembangan proses bisnis. (ii) penyesuian kebijakan pemeriksaan termasuk sanksi atas tidak disampaikannya dokumen Country by Country Reporting. (iii) kebijakan integrasi audit tools. Pada organizational level diperlukan (i) pelembagaan peran tax expertise (ii) pengembangan kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia (iii) tax coordination di tingkat global. Pada operational level perlu dilakukan penyesuaian pemeriksaan pada tahapan identifikasi risiko, penyusunan jadwal pemeriksaan serentak, dan pemanfaatan Country by Country Reporting sebagai data pembanding yang akurat.

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ABSTRACT

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Tax auidt is a logical consequence of the implementation of a self-assessment system. Examination is also an ideal means to ensure that countries get a fair share of taxation from the high portion of cross-border transactions. The momentum of the signing of the commitment to exchange information on income allocation, tax paid, and business activities per country or Country by Country Reporting (CbCR) is believed to be the right time to reconstruct tax audit policies as an effort to overcome its main tax avoidance transfer pricing to foreign investment companies. For this reason, the purpose of this research is determined. To achieve this goal, this research was conducted with a qualitative approach through literature studies and in-depth interviews. The results of this study state that policy reconstruction is needed at the policy level, with (i) revision of the Law to be adaptive to the development of business processes. (ii) adjustments to audit policies including sanctions for not submitting Country by Country Reporting Doumentation. (iii) audit tools integration policy. At organizational level, it is needed (i) institutionalizing the role of tax expertise (ii) developing competencies in Human Resources (iii) tax coordination at the global level. In the operational level, it is necessary to adjust the tax audit at the stage of risk identification, compile the simultaneous tax audit schedule, and use Country by Country Reporting as accurate comparative data.

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