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"This article is an examination of the implementation of the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a Multilateral Environmental Agreement(MEA) in Indonesia. It identifies domestic challenges of the Convention in Indonesia?sdecentralisation. The implementation of decentralisation policy in 2001 worsens theinherent problems faced by the Convention in Indonesia?s legal system. As a MEA,the Convention contains only general rules for the state parties and no specific legalobligation to reduce emission. The Convention also has legitimacy problems. TheIndonesia?s method to transform treaties into domestic legal system is still problematic.These two challenges are worsened by the implementation of decentralisation policy.The national government faces difficulties to drive lower government units to adhereto the Convention rules because they have new authorities that can constraint effortto achieve the goal of the Convention.Artikel ini adalah eksaminasi terhadap implementasi Konvensi Perubahan Iklim(UNFCCC) yang merupakan satu bentuk perjanjian multilateral di bidang lingkungan(MEA). Artikel ini mengidentifikasi tantangan yang dihadapi oleh UNFCCC dalamkonteks desentralisasi di Indonesia. Kebijakan desentralisasi telah memperburukmasalah yang selama ini telah dihadapi oleh UNFCCC di Indonesia. Sebagai salahsatu MEA, UNFCCC hanya mengandung aturan umum untuk negara-negara anggotadan tidak mempunyai kewajiban hukum khusus untuk mengurangi emisi. Tanpakewajiban khusus, negara-negara anggota, terutama negara berkembang, belumterikat atas target level emisi tertentu. Selain itu, UNFCCC mempunyai masalahlegitimasi di Indonesia yang berhubungan dengan metode transformasi perjanjianinternasional ke dalam hukum nasional. Masalah legitimasi membuat UNFCCCmenjadi sulit untuk mengikat entitas di dalam negeri. Dalam konteks desentralisasi,kedua masalah tersebut memberikan kesulitan bagi pemerintah pusat dalammengarahkan pemerintah daerah untuk melaksanakan upaya untuk mencapaitujuan UNFCCC. Desentralisasi memberikan kewenangan pemerintah daerah untukmembuat kebijakan yang dapat bertentangan dengan UNFCCC."

"The constitution of 1945 grants regional government the broadest autonomy, then the regional autonomy law no.22/1999 was born to giving powers to the regional authorities such a provinces, regencies and cities, unless a statute states a power to the central government..."

"The intention of this article is to discuss the relationship between the processes of fiscal and political decentralization, the outbreak of communal violence, and what I call 'the new politics of tradition' in Indonesia. In 1999 under the President Jusuf Habibie, the Indonesian parliament (DPR) voted in favour of two laws, No. 22 and 25 of 1999, which promised to leave a significant share of state revenues in the hands of the regional governments. Strongly supported by the liberal ideologues of the IMF and the World Bank, the two laws were envisaged within Indonesia as a necessary step towards devolving the centralized power of New Order patrimonialism and as a way of curbing separatism and demands for autonomy by giving the regional governments the constitutional and financial wherewithal to maintain a considerable degree of self-determination. Decentralization was in other words touted as the anti-dote to communal violence and separatist tendencies-an anti-dote administered or at least prescribed by multi-national development agencies in most conflict-prone areas of the world. This paper wishes to probe this idea by looking at the conflict and post-conflict situation in North Maluku. The conflict illustrates how local elites began jockeying for political control in anticipation of decentralization. The process of decentralization is in other words not merely an anti-dote but in some cases an implicated part in the production of violence. One reason for this is simply that the decentralization of financial and political control after three decades of centralization entails a significant shift in the parameters of hegemony-a shift towards which local political entrepreneurs in the regions are bound to react. The new 'politics of tradition' currently emerging in Indonesia is the combined result of changes in global forms of governance, a strong political focus on ethnic and religious identity in the 'era reformasi' and a local willingness to employ these identities to garner support in the new political landscape of decentralization."

"Summary: "This book is the only annual study that dissects Indonesia's sub-national competitiveness at both the provincial level (covering 34 provinces) and the regional level (covering six major island groups). Based on a rich dataset of 103 indicators, the study covers four environments of competitiveness: (1) Macroeconomic Stability, (2) Government and Institutional Setting, (3) Financial, Businesses, and Manpower Conditions, and (4) Quality of Life and Infrastructure Development. It also presents each province and region's comparative strengths and weaknesses, and conducts "what-if" policy simulations to propose policy suggestions"

"Desentralisasi fiskal dianggap sebagai kebijakan yang efektif untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dalam menyediakan barang publik dan merupakan cara untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Tulisan ini membahas hubungan teoritis dan empiris antara desentralisasi fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Di sini, kami menggunakan lima pengukuran desentralisasi untuk menangkap aspek multidimensi desentralisasi fiskal. Dengan menggunakan data dari tingkat pemerintahan terendah dan data terbaru di Indonesia dari 2010 hingga 2017, hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa desentralisasi fiskal secara signifikan berkorelasi secara negatif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.

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Fiscal decentralisation is deemed as an effective policy to increase efficiency in providing public goods and appears as a way to foster economic growth. This paper addresses the theoretical and empirical linkage between fiscal decentralisation on economic growth. Here, we use five decentralisation measures to capture the multi-dimensional aspect of fiscal decentralisation. Using data from the lowest level of government and the latest data in Indonesia from 2010 to 2017, the results showed that fiscal decentralisation is significantly and negatively related to economic growth."

"Balancing individual and collective interests is the challenge in Indonesia and in Australia, where the challenge is (a) to enable decentralised involvement in decisions to enhance a sense of attachment to an inclusive democracy and (b) achieve careful evidence based policy to guide the use of resources for the common good"

"Bidang pertambangan merupakan sumber pendapatan yang paling besar bagi Indonesia.Kondisi ekonomi pertambangan mampu berdampak positif atau negatif bagi stabilitas ekonomi Indonesia. Dengan adanya berbagai selisih paham antara beberapa undang-undang otonomi daerah dan pertambangan, siapa yang bertanggung jawab untuk memberikan izin pertambangan secara hukum tidaklah jelas. Dalam konteks ini, hubungan antara komunitas lokal, para pengusaha, dan pemerintah daerah semakin sulit. Menjelang pelaksanaan otonomi daerah, perusahaan pertambangan menghentikan kegiatan eksplorasi, karena mereka takut pada kerusuhan sosial dan ketidakjelasan di bidang pemberian izin. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hambatan yang dialami oleh daerah di bidang pertambangan pada masa otonomi daerah. Beberapa solusi diajukan bagi pembangunan ekonomi-sosial yang layak dan memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat lokal."