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"Kurang gizi pada balita merupakan suatu keadaan yang sangat penting dan serius bagi kelangsungan hidup anak karena selain dapat menggangu tumbuh kembang anak juga dapat menyebabkan kematian. Perawat sebagai salah satu pemberi layanan kesehatan mempunyai peran penting dalam meningkatkan derajat kesehatan anak, salah satunya dengan memantau status gizi anak balita. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan status gizi balita di RSUD Majalaya Kabupaten Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian retrospektif case control di rumah sakit dengan 35 pasien sebagai kasus dan 105 sebagai kontrol dari pasien yang dirawat dalam kurun waktu Juni 2008 sampai dengan Juni 2009 dengan melihat data sekunder rekam medis pasien. Analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan analisis univariat, bivariat dengan chi square, dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% tidak ada hubungan usia balita, status infeksi penyakit kronis, status pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan ibu, dan jumlah anak dengan status gizi balita. Ada hubungan usia ibu dan jumlah penghasilan keluarga dengan status gizi balita. Akan tetapi, ada kecenderungan bahwa usia balita yang lebih muda, balita yang mengalami infeksi penyakit, pendidikan ibu yang rendah, ibu yang bekerja, dan keluarga yang memiliki jumlah anak lebih dari dua memiliki resiko lebih besar untuk terjadinya kurang gizi pada balita. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan faktor paling dominan terhadap status gizi balita adalah usia ibu (p=0,002, OR=12). Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, pelayanan keperawatan harus meningkatkan pendidikan kesehatan kepada ibu usia muda tentang pemenuhan gizi pada balita, sehingga status gizi balita dapat meningkat dan kasus kurang gizi pada balita menurun.

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Under nutrition in children under five years is very important and serious situation because it influence child development and can cause death. Nurse as a care giver has an important role to increase child health development with monitoring the child nutritional status. Purpose of this research is to determine the nutritional status risk factors for children under five years in the Majalaya Hospital. Retrospective hospital based case control is used with 35 patient as case and 105 control on June 2008-Juni 2009 by medical record analyzing as secondary data. Descriptive, chi square and logistic regression method are used in data analyzing.This research showed that there are no relation between child age, infectious status, mother educational status, mother job status, and number of child in family with nutritional status of under five years child. However, there are possible risk for them to influence child nutritional status. There is a relation between mother age and salary with nutritional status of under five years child with dominant factor is mother age (p=0,002, OR=12). Base on this result, the nursing health care must increase the promoting and educating function to mother with under five years child to required the child nutrition and decrease the mortality and the incidence of under nutrition in child."

"Infrastruktur merupakan salah satu elemen penting yang harus dimiliki setiap negara. Pemerintah Indonesia sedang melakukan percepatan pembangunan infrastruktur untuk meningkatkan daya saing negara. Kebutuhan investasi dalam pembangunan jalan pada tahun 2020-2024 adalah Rp. 6.447 Triliun, sedangkan dana APBN dapat mengakomodasikan sebesar 37% dari total biaya. Dengan kebutuhan biaya yang besar, Kerjasama Pemerintah dan Badan Usaha (KPBU) sangat diperlukan untuk memudahkan swasta dapat bergabung untuk pembangunan infrastruktur. Skema yang paling sering dan sudah pernah dipakai di Indonesia adalah Build Operate Transfer (BOT). Aspek terpenting dalam KPBU adalah identifikasi risiko dan alokasi rissiko, dimana kedua hal tersebut dapat menentukan jumlah harga dan kemampuan dari setiap pemegang risiko tersebut yang berdampak pada perhitungan investasinya. Pada penelitian ini dihasilkan 64 variabel yang masih relevan di Indonesia dengan risiko yang terbagi menjadi 7 yaitu risiko politik, risiko studi kelayakan, risiko pembiayaan, risiko desain, risiko konstruksi, risiko operasi, dan risiko penyerahan.

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Infrastructure is one of the essential elements that every country must have. The Indonesian government is accelerating infrastructure development to enhance the nation's competitiveness. The investment needed for road construction from 2020 to 2024 is IDR 6,447 trillion, while the state budget (APBN) can accommodate only 37% of the total cost. Given the substantial financial requirements, Public-Private Partnership (PPP) is crucial to facilitate private sector participation in infrastructure development. The most frequently used scheme in Indonesia is Build Operate Transfer (BOT). The most critical aspects of PPP are risk identification and risk allocation, as these factors determine the pricing and the capability of each risk holder, impacting investment calculations. This study identifies 64 variables still relevant in Indonesia, with risks categorized into seven types: political risk, feasibility study risk, financing risk, design risk, construction risk, operation risk, and transfer risk."

"Urinary Stone Disease also called urolithiasis had sever from human since 4800 before century. urolithiasis relapse value during one 15-17%, during 4-5 years was 75% and 95-100% during 20-25 years. Urolithiasis cause mild stadium pain until uremia syndrome and kidney fuction disturbance, severe consequences my provoke to death. Urolithiasis on Male"

"Penelitian ini mengevaluasi tingkatan dan distribusi faktor risiko dan distress pada pekerja di industri tekstil PT UNITEX tahun 2024. Desain penelitian cross-sectional dengan pendekatan semi-kuantitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner, wawancara, serta data sekunder dari klinik perusahaan dan dokumen pendukung lainnya. Partisipan adalah 54 pekerja tetap PT UNITEX. Sebanyak 96,3% (52) pekerja mengalami distress, dengan rincian 46,3% (25) distress ringan, 29,6% (16) distress sedang, dan 20,4% (11) distress berat. Distress lebih banyak dialami oleh laki-laki (97,7%), usia <30 tahun (100%), belum menikah atau cerai mati (100%), kepribadian tipe A (100%), kondisi fisik lingkungan kerja yang buruk (97,9%), desain tugas yang baik (97%), bekerja <5 tahun (100%), shift (100%), bekerja >40 jam per minggu (96,4%), beban kerja rendah (100%), konflik peran rendah (100%), ambiguitas peran tinggi (100%), tanggung jawab rendah (100%), hubungan interpersonal buruk (100%), kontrol pekerjaan rendah (100%), pengembangan karir buruk (96,7%), dukungan sosial rendah (100%), dan home-work interface rendah (96,2%). Penelitian ini menunjukkan tingginya prevalensi distress di antara pekerja PT UNITEX, dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor lingkungan dan personal. Disarankan agar perusahaan mengimplementasikan program pengelolaan distress, memperbaiki kondisi fisik lingkungan kerja, mengkaji ulang pembagian beban kerja, dan meninjau kembali tata cara pelaksanaan pekerjaan.

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This study aims to see the level and distribution of risk factors and distress in workers in the textile industry PT UNITEX in 2024. This study uses a cross-sectional study design through a semi-quantitative approach, namely data collection using questionnaires, interviews, and using secondary data such as employee complaint or symptom data from the company clinic and other supporting documents. A total of 54 permanent workers of PT UNITEX participated in this study. The results of this study indicate that 96.3% (52) workers experienced distress. The majority of respondents experienced mild distress, namely 46.3% (25) respondents, followed by moderate distress of 29.6% (16) respondents, severe distress 20.4% (11) respondents and no distress as many as 3.7% (2) respondents. It was also found that distress was more experienced by men (97.7%), age <30 years (100%), unmarried or divorced (100%), type A personality (100%), poor physical conditions of the work environment (97.9%), good task design (97%), working <5 years (100%), shifts (100%), working >40 hours per week (96.4%), low workload (100%), low role conflict (100%), high role ambiguity (100%), low responsibility (100%), poor interpersonal relationships (100%), low job control (100%), poor career development (96.7%), low social support (100%), and low home-work interface (96.2%). The researcher suggested that the company immediately provide a program related to distress management, make improvements to the physical conditions of the work environment to comply with the specified regulations, review the division of workloads for employees, and review the procedures for carrying out work."

"Latar Belakang : Riwayat alamiah Lesi Prakanker Serviks menjadi kanker invasif berlangsung bertahun-tahun, sehingga memiliki banyak kesempatan untuk deteksi dini. Inspeksi Visual with Acetat Acid (IVA) cukup cost efektif dan mampu laksana di Indonesia. Kejadian lesi prakanker diyakini disebabkan HPV dan dipengaruhi faktor risiko.Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan karakteristik demografi serta riwayat kesehatan reproduksi dengan kejadian lesi prakanker serviks pada deteksi dini dengan menggunakan metoda IVA.Metode : Cross sectional data Female Cancer Program FKUI-RSCM yang berasal dari deteksi dini di beberapa puskesmas dan kantor di Jakarta. Logistik regresion digunakan untuk mendapatkan faktor yang memprediksi lesi prakanker serviks. Hasil : Perempuan berumur  ≤ 30 tahun (POR 5,2; 95% CI: 1,4-19,5), umur 31-40 tahun (POR 3,5; 95% CI: 1,0-12,0), dan umur 41-50 tahun (POR 2,1; 95% CI: 0,6-7,7) meningkatkan lesi prakanker serviks dibandingkan umur > 50 tahun. Menikah lebih dari 1 kali berisiko lesi prakanker serviks (POR 5,5; 95% CI: 2,9-10,0) dibandingkan menikah 1 kali. KB pil (POR 2,3; 95% CI: 1,0-5,1), KB susuk (POR 1,8; 95% CI: 0,4-8,7) dan KB suntik (POR 1,5; 95% CI: 0,7-2,8) meningkatkan lesi prakanker servik dibandingkan tidak KB dan KB non hormonal.Kesimpulan : Umur, jumlah perkawinan, KB merupakan prediktor independen lesi prakanker serviks. KB lebih berisiko dibandingkan KB suntik dan susuk. Dianjurkan deteksi dini pada perempuan yang telah melakukan kontak seksual dan membatasi jumlah pasangan seksual.

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Background ;Natural history Cervical Precancer lesions to be invasive cancer along many years, so it has many opportunities to be early detected.Visual Inspection Acetat Acid (VIA) is cost effectiveness and capable in Indonesia.The incidence of precancerous lesions is caused of HPV and influenced of risk factors.

Objective :  association between demographic characteristics and reproductive health history with the incidence of cervical precancer lesions in women screened by VIA.

Methods : Cross sectional with the data’s from Female Cancer Program FKUI-RSCM. Analysis which comes from early detection at primary health care and offices in Jakarta. Logistic regresion is used to obtain factors that predict cervical precancer lesions.

Results :  Women aged ≤ 30 (POR 5.2, CI: 1.4-19.5), aged 31-40 (POR 3.5, CI: 1.0-12.0), and  aged 41-50 (POR 2.1, CI: 0.6-7.5) for cervical precancer lesions in comparison with women in the older age group (>50 years). Married subjects  were more than 1 times the risk of cervical precancerous lesions (POR 5,5, 95% CI: 2.9-10.0) compared with one times merriage. Pill contraceptive (POR 2.3; CI: 1.0-5.1), implant contraceptive (POR 1.8; 95% CI: 0.4-8.7), injecting contraception (POR 1.5; CI: 0.7-2.8) are increased precancerous cervical lesions compared non contraception and  non hormonal contraception.

Conclusion : age, number of marriages, contraception are independent predictors of cervical precancer lesions. The prevention and control of cervical cancer in this study should early detection is done on every woman who has sexual contact and limiting  number of sexual partners."

"Status gizi berperan dalam menentukan sukses tidaknya upaya peningkatan sumberdaya manusia. Prevalensi gizi kurang BB/U di Kabupaten Tangerang meningkat dari tahun 2007 sampai 2010 yaitu 7,2% menjadi 9,12%. Tujuan penelitian adalah dianalisisnya hubungan antara perilaku KADARZI, karakteristik keluarga dan balita dengan status gizi balita (12-59 bulan) di Kabupaten Tangerang tahun 2011. Penilitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekuder hasil survey PSG KADARZI Kabupaten Tangerang tahun 2011. Prevalensi balita gizi kurang (termasuk gizi buruk) 17,9%, pendek (termasuk sangat pendek) 32,9%, kurus (termasuk sangat kurus) 11,8%. Variabel yang berhubungan secara bermakna dengan status gizi balita BB/U adalah menimbang balita secara teratur, riwayat ASI Eksklusif, menggunakan garam beryodium, pendidikan ayah, pendidikan ibu, usia ibu, besar keluarga, dan umur balita. Variabel yang berhubungan bermakna dengan status gizi PB/U atau TB/U sama dengan BB/U ditambah variabel konsumsi kapsul vitamin A. Berdasarkan indeks BB/PB atau BB/TB adalah riwayat ASI Eksklusif, dan pendidikan ibu. Hasil uji multivariat menunjukkan faktor dominan BB/U adalah pendidikan ibu, PB/U atau TB/U adalah pendidikan ayah. Sedangkan BB/PB atau BB/TB adalah riwayat ASI Eksklusif. Perlu adanya pendidikan gizi bagi keluarga.

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Nutritional status is one of the important indicator for human resources. From 2007 to 2010, prevalence of undernutrition increased from 7,2% to 9,12%. General objective of this study was to determine the relationship between family nutrition awareness (KADARZI), family and children under five characteristics with nutritional status of children under five (12-59 months) at Tangerang District in 2011. This quantitative study using cross sectional study design. The data were result from family nutrition awareness and nutritional status survey at Tangerang district in 2011. The analysis showed that the prevalence of underweight was found at 17,9%. stunted was found at 32,9%, wasted was found at 11,8%. Chi square test result showed that there was a significant association (p≤0.05) between growth monitoring, exclusive breastfeeding history, the use of iodized salt, father?s level of education, mother?s level of education, mother?s age, number of family members, and child?s age with nutritional status based on BB/U index. PB/U or TB/U index were the same as BB/U but added by vitamin A capsule intake. BB/PB or BB/TB Index were exclusive breastfeeding history and mother's level of education. Multivariate test results showed that mother's level of education is the most dominant factor associated with nutritional status (BB/U). PB/U or TB/U index was father?s level of education. BB/PB or BB/TB index was exclusive breastfeeding history. The following need famiy nutritional education."

"Exhalation Channel Infection Disease of Acute (ISPA) be one of health problem of main public because still height of mortality because ISPA espicially at baby and balita. In Sub-Province Bandung death because ISPA reachs 54,55% and in kecamatan Gununghalu x'self patient ISPA at balita experiences improvement from the year 2003 until the year 2005. Risk the increasing of ISPA can be influenced by low economic social status , condition of housing which still varying according to quality of its (the building, causing is required research about factor relating to case of ISPA at balita. This researh type is analytic observasional with planning cross sectional. Variable which is accurate is house wall type, house floor type, ventilation wide of house, situation of house temperature, house dampness, existence of hole smoke of kitchen, unmate density, ripe fuel type, usage of anti mosquito drug, smoking habit member of family, umminization status, status gizi, time body weight borned and case of ISPA at balita. Result of research with test chi square there is relationship having a meaning (of) between house wall types (p value = 0,044 and OR = 3, 338), ventilation wide of house (p value = 0,030 and OR = 3,589), house temperature (p value = 0.023 and OR = 2,972) existence of hole smoke of kitchen (p value = 0,014 and OR = 3,824) smoking habit member of family (p value = 0,022 and OR = 6,182) status gizi (p value = 0,000 and OR = 12,600) and time body weight borned (p value = 0,049 and OR = 5, 800) dengan case of ISPA at balita. suggestion is given by intensifying counselling to public about healthy house and preventive effort the happening of ISPA at balita."

"ABSTRAKKurang Energi Protein (KEP) sampai saat ini masih menjadi masalah gzi utama di Kabupaten Cianjur. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut baik melalui lintas program maupun lintas sektor yang dalam pelaksanaan kegiatannya lebih dipertajam ke kantong kantong KEP.Tujuan dari studi ini adalah diketahuinya status gizi balita di Kabupaten Cianjur pada tahun 1996 dan hubungannya dengan tingkat pendidikan ibu, produk domestik regional bruto (PDRB), pencapaian program imunisasi campak, program. penanggulangan ISPA, cakupan pencemaran air bersih (PAB), cakupan jamban keluarga (JAGA), dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam. penimbangan (D/S).Studi ini dilaksanakan di 215 posyandu dari 187 desa terpilih dengan perbandingan 164 posyandu dari desa tidak miskin dan 51 posyandu dad desa miskin di seluruh kecamatan yang ada (24 kecamatan). Populasi dan desa miskin di seluruh kecamatan yang ada (24 kecamatan). Populasi dan sampel studi adalah seluruh balita yang ada di posyandu terpilih (215 posyandu).Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa angka kurang energi protein (KEP) pada balita di Kabupaten DT II Cianjur sebesar 19,4%. Tidak ada kecamatan yang tidak memiliki kantong KKP, angka KEP di kantong-kantong KEP tersebut berkisar antara 12% s.d. 59%. Dari uji statistik menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara prevalensi KEP total dengan pendidikan ibu, penggunaan air bersih, frekuensi diare, dan penggunaan jamban keluarga. Sementara dengan cakupan imunisasi campak, penanggulangan ISPA, PDRB, dan partisipasi rnasyarakat di posyandu tidak menunjukkan adanya hubungan.Mengingat hal diatas, hasil studi ini agar dapat dijadikan bahan masukan bagi perencanaan baik untuk program gizi sendiri maupun untuk program penanggulangan penyakit diare (P2 Diare), program penyediaan air bersih, dan jamban keluarga serta perencanaan koordinasi dengan Depdikbud dalam program kejar paket A dan B untuk daerah dengan KEP tinggi harus mendapat prioritas.

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ABSTRACT

Background

Currently, in District of Cianjur the Protein Calorie Deficiency remains as the major nutritional problem. A lot of effort both in inter programs and inter sector of which the implementation is more ficused to the order to overcome the problem.

Aims

The aims of this study is to obtain the under five children nutritional status in the distric of Cianjur in 1996 and its relations to the mother's educational level, Bruto Regional Domestic Product, the achievement of the measles immunization program, the coverage of the use of clean water, the coverage of the family septic tank toilet and people's participation in the body weight scalling

Method

This study is carried out in 215 Posyandus (The Integrated Service Post) from 187 selected villages which consist of 164 posyandu of non poor villages and 51 posyandus of poor villages in whole exiting subdistricts (24 subdistrics). The population and samples for this study are all the under five chlidren in the selected posyandus (215 Posyandu)

Result

The study shows that the rate of Protein Calorie Deficiency of under five children in the Distric of Cianjur is 19,4%. All subdistricts have the 'protein calorie deficiency area with the rate of protein calorie deficiency in these areas range between 12% to 59%. The statistical test shows relation of total prevalence of protein calori deficiency and mother's educational level, the use of clean water, the frequency of diarrhoea and the use of family septic tank toilet. Meanwhile, it shows no relation with the coverage of measles immunization, the upper respiratory tract infection overcoming program, bruto regional domestic product, and people's participation in posyandu.

Considering the above matter, the result of this study could be potential input for planning of nutritional program as well as communicable disease control (diarrhoea), clean water provision program and family septic tank toilet. And for coordinating with Departement of Education and Culture in the elimination of illiteracy program A and B in areas of high rate of protein calorie deficiency should be considered as highest priority."

"Pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi seimbang merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi status gizi balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi seimbang dengan status gizi balita. Desain yang digunakan adalah deskriptif korelasi. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi seimbang dengan status gizi balita. Sebagian besar responden berpengetahuan tinggi (51,0%) dan sebagian besar balita memiliki status gizi normal (95,1%). Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai masukan bagi pelayanan keperawatan untuk memberikan informasi kepada ibu tentang gizi seimbang dan meningkatkan sikap peduli ibu untuk memberikan gizi yang seimbang kepada balitanya.

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Maternal knowledge about balance nutrition is a factor that influence nutritional status of child-under-five-years. The purpose of this research was to identify correlation between maternal knowledge about balance nutrition and nutritional status of child-under-five-years. This study used correlative descriptive design. Sample technique used was accidental sampling. The result showed there was no significant relationship between maternal knowledge and nutritional status of child-under-five-years. Most of participants had high-level-knowledge (51,0%) and most of child-under-five-years had normal nutritional status (95,1%). The result of this research can be used by nursing service to give information about balance nutrition and increase mother care attitude to give balance nutrition for their children."

"ABSTRAKPekerjaan rigger berisiko LBP, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahuifaktor risiko ergonomi pekerjaan dan tingkat risiko LBP serta pengendaliannya.Desain penelitian adalah cros sectional terhadap pekerja rigger, denganmenggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). Hasil penelitian inimenunjukkan tingkat risiko tertinggi adalah pada saat melepaskan hook craneskor (11), sedangkan yang terendah adalah saat melepaskan lilitan wire sling skor(6). Disarankan menambah alat bantu berupa grating basket bertingkat, basketpanjang, penyanggah casing, penyanggah hook crane dan meningkatkanperawatan pada alat bantu ini.

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ABSTRACTLBP can caused by Rigger jobs, the purpose of this study to determineergonomic risk factor, level of risk and risk control of LBP. The study design wascross-sectional using REBA (Rapid entire body assessment) method. The result ofthis study shows that the highest risk rate was 'release the hook crane" with 11score.The lowest score was "release the wire sling" with 6 score.This studysuggest to added graded grating basket, long basket, casing buffer, hook cranebuffer, and do appropriate maintenance to this tools."