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"The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the ergonomics aspects of the first prototype of a folding bike designed by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia (DME UI) in a virtual environment. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) is used as an analysis approach that integrates the results of three methods: Low Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The objective is to determine the optimal design configuration of a folding bicycle based from an ergonomics perspective. For male and female riders, the optimal configuration is obtained when the height of the handlebar is 32 cm and the height of the saddle is 83 cm. This study proved that a virtual environment could strengthen the ergonomics evaluation, especially in posture condition exploration"

"The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the ergonomics aspects of the first prototype of a folding bike designed by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia (DME UI) in a virtual environment. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) is used as an analysis approach that integrates the results of three methods: Low Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). The determine the optimal design configuration of a folding bicycle based from an ergonomics perspective. For male and female riders, the optimal configuration is obtained when the height of the handlebar is 32 cm and the height of the saddle is 83 cm. This study proved that a virtual environment could strengthen the ergonomics evaluation, especially in posture condition exploration."

"Postur kerja pada pengemudi bus membutuhkan perhatian tinggi karena memiliki lingkungan kerja yang statis, terutama untuk mengurangi kelelahan fisik dan mencegah risiko musculoskeletal disorder pada pengemudi bus. Fokus utama penelitian ini untuk memberikan usulan perbaikan desain kursi pengemudi bus listrik berdasarkan nilai Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang telah dianalisis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menganalisis nilai Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang diperoleh berdasarkan postur pengemudi bus secara aktual pada virtual environment dengan menggunakan software Jack 8.2. Berdasarkan postur aktual tersebut, kemudian dilakukan perbaikan terhadap desain kursi aktual berdasarkan ilmu ergonomi untuk mendapat desain usulan perbaikan. Penyesuaian desain kursi pengemudi pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada tinggi dudukan dan kedalaman dudukan. Hasil analisis nilai PEI menggunakan desain aktual kemudian dibandingkan dan dianalisis lebih lanjut dengan hasil analisis PEI menggunakan desain usulan. Hasil desain yang baik merupakan desain usulan yang dapat memberikan nilai PEI terendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain usulan dapat mengurangi Nilai PEI sehingga dapat mengurangi kelelahan fisik dan mencegah risiko musculoskeletal disorder pada pengemudi bus listrik. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah dianalisis, postur menggunakan desain aktual menghasilkan nilai PEI sebesar 1,78 pada persentil 95 dan 1,68 pada persentil 5. Sedangkan, hasil analisis postur menggunakan desain usulan mendapat nilai PEI sebesar 0,98 pada persentil 95 dan 0,93 pada persentil 5.

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Working posture for bus drivers requires high attention because they have a static work environment, especially to reduce physical fatigue and prevent the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in bus drivers. The main focus of this research is to provide suggestions for improving the design of electric bus driver seats based on the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) values that have been analyzed. This research was carried out by analyzing the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) values obtained based on the actual posture of the bus driver in a virtual environment using Jack 8.2 software. Based on the actual posture, improvements are then made to the actual chair design based on ergonomics to obtain a proposed design for improvement. Adjustments to the driver's seat design in this study were made to the seat height and seat depth. The results of the PEI value analysis using the actual design were then compared and analyzed further with the results of the PEI analysis using the proposed design. A good design result is a proposed design that can provide the lowest PEI value. The research results show that the proposed design can reduce the PEI value so that it can reduce physical fatigue and prevent the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in electric bus drivers. Based on the results that have been analyzed, posture using the actual design produces a PEI value of 1.78 at the 95th percentile and 1.68 at the 5th percentile. Meanwhile, the results of posture analysis using the proposed design obtain a PEI value of 0.98 at the 95th percentile and 0.93 at the 5th percentile."

"Postur kerja yang baik pada masinis sangatlah diperlukan pada lingkungan kerja yang cenderung statis, terutama untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi, performa serta mengurangi resiko musculoskeletal disorder. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan usulan desain kursi terbaik, baik dari segi ukuran dan material yang mampu mengakomodasi masinis dari segala bentuk resiko cidera akibat postur maupun getaran yang ditimbulkan oleh kereta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang diperoleh menggunakan konfigurasi Virtual Human Modeling pada software Jack dan pengukuran Whole Body Vibration. Hasil yang terbaik merupakan usulan desain yang memberikan nilai PEI terendah dan memiliki kemampuan meredam getaran terbaik.

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Appropriate working posture is really important for train driver since their work environment is tend to be static. Good working posture can increase train driver's concentration, performance and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorder. The study was conducted with the purpose to provide the best proposed seat design, with appropriate seat size based on train driver's anthropometry and appropriate material to accommodate them from the risk of injury due to posture and vibration caused by train.

The research was conducted by comparing the value of Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) obtained using the configuration of the Virtual Human Modeling by Jack software and also Whole Body Vibration measurement. The best design is selected from which can give the lowest value of PEI and have the best material ability to reduce vibration."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji, dalam lingkungan virtual, aspek ergonomi dari empat divisi yang ada di industri garmen; divisi pemotongan, divisi jahit, divisi kancing, dan divisi finishing. Variabel yang mempengaruhi kondisi kerja pada tiap-tiap divisi berbeda, bergantung pada kondisi riil yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memberikan penilaian terhadap kondisi kerja riil di industri garmen berdasarkan kajian ergonomi menggunakan Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). PEI mengintegrasikan nilai low back analysis (LBA), ovako working posture analysis (OWAS), dan rapid upper limbassessment (RULA). Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan model manusia digital yang disediakan virtual environment pada software Jack 6.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kerja pada industri garmen masih memiliki risiko yang cukup tinggi yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan muskuloskeletal pada para pekerja. Penelitian ini memperkaya khasanah keilmuwan ergonomi di Indonesia karena merupakan penelitian pertama di Indonesia yang mengaplikasikan pendekatan virtual environment untuk analisis ergonomi di dunia industri.

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This research tried to study, in a virtual environment, the ergonomics of four divisions in garment industry: cutting division, sewing division, button division, and finishing division. Variables that influence the working conditions in each division are different; depend on the real situations that happened. The purpose is to assess the real working conditions based on ergonomics study using Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). PEI integrates the scores of low back analysis (LBA), ovako working posture (OWAS), and rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). Analysis phase was done using digital human model in virtual environment that available on Jack 6.0. The results show that the working conditions in garment industry had enough amount of risk that can injured the musculoskeletal system of the workers. This research enriches the body of ergonomics knowledge in Indonesia because it is the first research in Indonesia that applied virtual environment approach to ergonomics analysis in industry."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji aspek ergonomis dari sepeda UI (Universitas Indonesia) dalam virtual environment. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.0. Metode evaluasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan hasil analisis dari tiga buah metode: Lower Back Analysis (LBA), Ovako Working Posture Analysis (OWAS), dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual sepeda UI dan mencari konfigurasi desain ulang paling ergonomis ditinjau dari tinggi stang dan tinggi sadel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain sepeda UI yang paling ergonomis adalah desain yang memiliki tinggi stang terbesar (22 cm) dan tinggi sadel terkecil (11 cm).

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This research was conducted to study ergonomic aspect from University of Indonesia bicycle in virtual environment. Software Jack 6.0 was used to analyze it. PEI was used as approach that integrated the results of three methods: Lower Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The research objective is to evaluate existing design of University of Indonesia bicycle and to determine the most ergonomic redesign which concern with handlebar height and saddle height modification. The result showed that the most ergonomic design of University of Indonesia bicycle is the one with the highest handlebar height (22 cm) and the lowest saddle height (11 cm)."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain kabin pengemudi panser kanon tipe 90 mm dalam Virtual Environment. Tujuannya adalah untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi desain kabin pengemudi Panser Kanon 90mm yang telah ergonomis, sesuai dengan hasil uji nilai PEI. Dihasilkan 6 buah konfigurasi yang akan dianalisis. Analisa postur menggunakan software Jack 6.1. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisis dari tiga metode analisis: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi dengan sudut tuas kemudi 60o, tinggi kursi 20 cm dan sudut kursi 110o.

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This research studies the ergonomic aspect from driver's compartment of panser cannon in Virtual Environment. The purpose of this project was to make ergonomic recommendation designs for armored cab of Canon 90mm according to the PEI test result. Jack 6.2.1 was used to analyze posture. Posture Evaluation Index was an approach that integrated the results of these tree methods: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Analysis System, and Rapud Upper Limb Analysis. The results are configuration with 60o on steering wheel angle, 20 cm on chair height, and 110o on chair angle."

"Dalam mengoperasikan mesin derek (crane), tentara yang menjadi operator duduk dalam keadaan statis dan perlu tingkat konsentrasi tinggi. Hal tersebut dapat beresiko menyebabkan terjadinya WSDM. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk mempelajari postur duduk yang ditimbulkan oleh desain kursi penumpang dalam lingkungan virtual dengan menggunakan software simulasi ergonomi, Jack 6.1. Penyesuaian dilakukan pada tinggi kursi, kemiringan sandaran kursi, tinggi tuas panel, dan pergeseran kursi untuk mendapatkan konfigurasi kursi yang ideal bagi tentara. Postur duduk yang terbentuk dari seluruh konfigurasi yang diujikan dinilai dengan menggunakan metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). Hasil penelitian berupa usulan kursi yang ergonomis bagi tentara Indonesia.

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While being transported using Armoured Personnel Carrier Vehicles, soldiers are seated in is static posture and giving a risk of WMSD. This study attempts to analyze the sitting posture caused by a passenger seat design in the virtual environment, using an ergonomics software simulation, Jack 6.1.

Adjustments have been made on the high of seat, back slope seat and distance of hand handle to obtain the ideal configuration for the soldiers. Sitting posture which is formed from all the tested configurations assessed using the method of Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). The purpose from this study is to design an ergonomic seat passenger models for Indonesian Soldiers."

"Seorang penembak dalam kendaraan tempur pengangkut personil akan bekerja dalam posisi setengah berdiri pada keadaan statis dan dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Hal tersebut beresiko menyebabkan terjadinya WSDM. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi dan meredefinisi postur kerja penembak dalam lingkungan virtual dengan menggunakan software simulasi ergonomi, Jack 6.1. Redefinisi postur kerja dilakukan pada penambahan kursi dan pijakan kaki, dengan penyesuaian pada tinggi kursi dan sudut pijakan untuk mendapatkan konfigurasi kursi yang ideal bagi tentara. Postur duduk yang terbentuk dari seluruh konfigurasi yang diujikan dinilai dengan menggunakan metode Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). Hasil penelitian berupa usulan kursi yang ergonomis bagi tentara Indonesia.

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A gunner in an Armoured Personnel Carrier Vehicle are positioned in a half- standing static posture in a long period of time, with the risks of WMSD. This study evaluates and redesigns the working posture of a gunner in the virtual environment, using an ergonomics software simulation, Jack 6.1.

Working posture redefinition is made by adding seat and foot support, with adjustments on the height of seat, and inclination of foot support to obtain the ideal configuration for the soldiers. Sitting posture which is formed from all the tested configurations is assessed using the method of Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). The result from this study is to design an ergonomic seat passenger models for Indonesian Soldiers."