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"Latar Belakang : Riwayat alamiah Lesi Prakanker Serviks menjadi kanker invasif berlangsung bertahun-tahun, sehingga memiliki banyak kesempatan untuk deteksi dini. Inspeksi Visual with Acetat Acid (IVA) cukup cost efektif dan mampu laksana di Indonesia. Kejadian lesi prakanker diyakini disebabkan HPV dan dipengaruhi faktor risiko.Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan karakteristik demografi serta riwayat kesehatan reproduksi dengan kejadian lesi prakanker serviks pada deteksi dini dengan menggunakan metoda IVA.Metode : Cross sectional data Female Cancer Program FKUI-RSCM yang berasal dari deteksi dini di beberapa puskesmas dan kantor di Jakarta. Logistik regresion digunakan untuk mendapatkan faktor yang memprediksi lesi prakanker serviks. Hasil : Perempuan berumur  ≤ 30 tahun (POR 5,2; 95% CI: 1,4-19,5), umur 31-40 tahun (POR 3,5; 95% CI: 1,0-12,0), dan umur 41-50 tahun (POR 2,1; 95% CI: 0,6-7,7) meningkatkan lesi prakanker serviks dibandingkan umur > 50 tahun. Menikah lebih dari 1 kali berisiko lesi prakanker serviks (POR 5,5; 95% CI: 2,9-10,0) dibandingkan menikah 1 kali. KB pil (POR 2,3; 95% CI: 1,0-5,1), KB susuk (POR 1,8; 95% CI: 0,4-8,7) dan KB suntik (POR 1,5; 95% CI: 0,7-2,8) meningkatkan lesi prakanker servik dibandingkan tidak KB dan KB non hormonal.Kesimpulan : Umur, jumlah perkawinan, KB merupakan prediktor independen lesi prakanker serviks. KB lebih berisiko dibandingkan KB suntik dan susuk. Dianjurkan deteksi dini pada perempuan yang telah melakukan kontak seksual dan membatasi jumlah pasangan seksual.

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Background ;Natural history Cervical Precancer lesions to be invasive cancer along many years, so it has many opportunities to be early detected.Visual Inspection Acetat Acid (VIA) is cost effectiveness and capable in Indonesia.The incidence of precancerous lesions is caused of HPV and influenced of risk factors.

Objective :  association between demographic characteristics and reproductive health history with the incidence of cervical precancer lesions in women screened by VIA.

Methods : Cross sectional with the data’s from Female Cancer Program FKUI-RSCM. Analysis which comes from early detection at primary health care and offices in Jakarta. Logistic regresion is used to obtain factors that predict cervical precancer lesions.

Results :  Women aged ≤ 30 (POR 5.2, CI: 1.4-19.5), aged 31-40 (POR 3.5, CI: 1.0-12.0), and  aged 41-50 (POR 2.1, CI: 0.6-7.5) for cervical precancer lesions in comparison with women in the older age group (>50 years). Married subjects  were more than 1 times the risk of cervical precancerous lesions (POR 5,5, 95% CI: 2.9-10.0) compared with one times merriage. Pill contraceptive (POR 2.3; CI: 1.0-5.1), implant contraceptive (POR 1.8; 95% CI: 0.4-8.7), injecting contraception (POR 1.5; CI: 0.7-2.8) are increased precancerous cervical lesions compared non contraception and  non hormonal contraception.

Conclusion : age, number of marriages, contraception are independent predictors of cervical precancer lesions. The prevention and control of cervical cancer in this study should early detection is done on every woman who has sexual contact and limiting  number of sexual partners."

"Semua kegiatan manajemen risiko selalu memfokuskan aktifitasnya untuk mengurangi atau meminimalkan risiko. Banyak metode analisis risiko yang dipergunakan pada saat menerapkan manajemen risiko dalam aktifitas yang berhubungan dengan kerja Analisis lapisan pelindung (Layer of Protection Analysis-LOPA) adalah salah satu metode analisis risiko semi-kuantitatif dalam manajemen risiko yang ditujukan untuk mengurangi atau mereduksi risiko dengan jalan menyusun lapisan pelindung yang akan dipergunakan untuk menurunkan tingkat risiko yang ada. LOPA sangat ditentukan oleh tiga faktor utama, yaitu : Penentuan Skenario, Pemilihan Initiating Event, dan Seleksi Independent Protection Layer. PT. X dan PT. Y merupakan salah satu industi proses kimia yang dipilih untuk diteliti hasil studi LOPA mereka. Latar belakang pemilihan PT. X dan PT. Y ini karena kedua perusahaan tersebut memiliki karakteristik yang mirip dengan terminal BBM yang terbakar dalam tragedi Buncefield. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa reduksi risiko kedua perusahaan berbeda, meski skenario dan Independent Layer Protection (IPL) yang terlibat identik. Perbedaan ini karena kedua perusahaan memiliki aturan program perawatan IPL yang berbeda. PT. X memiliki aturan program perawatan yang lebih ketat dibandingkan PT. Y. Semua program yang ditujukan untuk menjaga kehandanlan akan menaikkan nilai reduksi risiko dengan faktor 10. Validasi dan ITPM (Inspection, Testing dan Preventive Maintenance) merupakan salah satu langkah yang bisa dipergunakan untuk memperbesar Reduksi Risiko yang terjadi pada hasil studi LOPA.

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All risk management activities always focus on activities to reduce or minimize risks. Many risk analysis methods are used when applying risk management in work-related activities Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) analysis is one of the semi-quantitative risk analysis methods in risk management aimed at reducing or reducing risk by formulating a protective layer that will be used to reduce the risk level. LOPA is determined by three main factors, namely: Scenario Determination, Initiating Event Selection, and Independent Protection Layer Selection. PT. X and PT. Y are one of the chemical process industries selected for their LOPA study. The background of the election of PT. X and PT. Y is because both companies have similar characteristics to the burning fuel terminal in Buncefield tragedy.

The results showed that the risk reduction of both companies was different, although the scenario and the Independent Layer Protection (IPL) involved were identical. This difference is because both companies have different rules of IPL treatment program. PT. X has a more stringent treatment program regulation than PT. Y. All programs aimed at maintaining customs will increase the risk reduction value by a factor of 10. Validation and ITPM (Inspection, Testing and Preventive Maintenance) is one of the steps that can be used to enlarge the Risk Reduction of LOPA study results."

"ABSTRAKObesitas dan asma masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di dunia. Meningkatnya prevalensi obesitas seiring dengan meningkatnya prevalensi asma, yang dapat mengganggu produktivitas dan menurunkan kualitas hidup penderita. Asma pada orang dewasa sering mengakibatkan perburukan pada prognosisnya yang disebabkan penurunan fungsi paru yang cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan asma pada penduduk dewasa umur 40 ? 65 tahun di Kelurahan Kebon Kalapa Kecamatan Bogor Tengah ? Kota Bogor tahun 2011, menggunakan data sekunder baseline data studi Kohort PTM - Kementerian Kesehatan Tahun 2011, dengan jumlah sampel 960 orang dan disain studi cross sectional. Pada analisis multivariat dengan Cox Regression menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara obesitas dengan asma setelah dikontrol dengan variabel umur, tingkat pendidikan dan status merokok, dengan nilai PR sebesar 0,674 (95% CI 0,387 ? 1,174). Perlu adanya penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai obesitas dan asma dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar, menggunakan kelompok umur yang lebih muda dan disain studi yang lebih baik.

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ABSTRACT

Obesity and asthma remains a public health problem in the world. The increasing prevalence of obesity concomitant with the increasing prevalence of asthma, which may interfere with productivity and lower the quality of life of patients. Asthma in adults often results in worsening the rognosis caused a rapid decline in lung function. This study aims to determine the relationship of obesity with asthma in the adult people aged 40-65 years at the Kebon Kalapa Village, District of Central Bogor - Bogor City in 2011, using secondary baseline data NCD cohort study from Ministry of Health in 2011, with a sample of 960 people and a crosssectional design study. In multivariate analysis with Cox regression showed no significant association between obesity and asthma after controlled with variabel aged, education level and smoking (PR = 0,674; 95% CI 0,387 ? 1,174). The need for further research on obesity and asthma with a lrger number of sampels, younger age groups and a better design study."

"Urinary Stone Disease also called urolithiasis had sever from human since 4800 before century. urolithiasis relapse value during one 15-17%, during 4-5 years was 75% and 95-100% during 20-25 years. Urolithiasis cause mild stadium pain until uremia syndrome and kidney fuction disturbance, severe consequences my provoke to death. Urolithiasis on Male"

"ABSTRAKPekerjaan rigger berisiko LBP, tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahuifaktor risiko ergonomi pekerjaan dan tingkat risiko LBP serta pengendaliannya.Desain penelitian adalah cros sectional terhadap pekerja rigger, denganmenggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assesment (REBA). Hasil penelitian inimenunjukkan tingkat risiko tertinggi adalah pada saat melepaskan hook craneskor (11), sedangkan yang terendah adalah saat melepaskan lilitan wire sling skor(6). Disarankan menambah alat bantu berupa grating basket bertingkat, basketpanjang, penyanggah casing, penyanggah hook crane dan meningkatkanperawatan pada alat bantu ini.

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ABSTRACTLBP can caused by Rigger jobs, the purpose of this study to determineergonomic risk factor, level of risk and risk control of LBP. The study design wascross-sectional using REBA (Rapid entire body assessment) method. The result ofthis study shows that the highest risk rate was 'release the hook crane" with 11score.The lowest score was "release the wire sling" with 6 score.This studysuggest to added graded grating basket, long basket, casing buffer, hook cranebuffer, and do appropriate maintenance to this tools."

"Exhalation Channel Infection Disease of Acute (ISPA) be one of health problem of main public because still height of mortality because ISPA espicially at baby and balita. In Sub-Province Bandung death because ISPA reachs 54,55% and in kecamatan Gununghalu x'self patient ISPA at balita experiences improvement from the year 2003 until the year 2005. Risk the increasing of ISPA can be influenced by low economic social status , condition of housing which still varying according to quality of its (the building, causing is required research about factor relating to case of ISPA at balita. This researh type is analytic observasional with planning cross sectional. Variable which is accurate is house wall type, house floor type, ventilation wide of house, situation of house temperature, house dampness, existence of hole smoke of kitchen, unmate density, ripe fuel type, usage of anti mosquito drug, smoking habit member of family, umminization status, status gizi, time body weight borned and case of ISPA at balita. Result of research with test chi square there is relationship having a meaning (of) between house wall types (p value = 0,044 and OR = 3, 338), ventilation wide of house (p value = 0,030 and OR = 3,589), house temperature (p value = 0.023 and OR = 2,972) existence of hole smoke of kitchen (p value = 0,014 and OR = 3,824) smoking habit member of family (p value = 0,022 and OR = 6,182) status gizi (p value = 0,000 and OR = 12,600) and time body weight borned (p value = 0,049 and OR = 5, 800) dengan case of ISPA at balita. suggestion is given by intensifying counselling to public about healthy house and preventive effort the happening of ISPA at balita."

"ABSTRACTRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease which has recently been recognized to manifest as not only intraarticular events, presented either subclinically or clinically, were discovered more in AR patients. Atherogenic inflammatory mediator in AR including interleukin-6 (IL 6) was thought tobe one of nontraditional cardiovascular risk factor contributing to increase the endothelial dysfunction biomarker such as e selectin."

"ABSTRAKPelaksanaan proyek EPC sering kali mengalami keterlambatan terutamapada typical proyek EPC industri pada sector Oil Gas, Power Plant,Petrochemical Processing plant. Keterlambatan menjadi kasus yag seringdijumpai pada kinerja proyek yang meleset dari ekspektasi pelaksana ekesekusikontraktor. Proyek industri dengan contract integrated EPC alaminyameningkatkan tingkat kompleksitas proyek berhubungan dengan kebutuhankomunikasi untuk mendukung proses kolaborasi stake holder dalam sharinginformasi untuk koordinasi dan integrasi. Integration pada akhirnya harusdilakukan dari bagian bagian sub sistem dan komponen yang memiliki keterkaitaninteraksi dependent, interdependent, dan independent namun boundary antarbagian menjadi permalasalahan yang timbul wujud dalam bentuk permasalahanantar muka/interfacing.Penelitian ini bertujuan dalam mengidentifikasi resiko resiko interface danresiko dominan didalam komisioning proyek EPC sehingga dapat rancang strategirisk respond untuk mengatasi masalah keterlambatan ini.Metode penelitian dengan melakukan survey, interview teknik Delphipada pakar dan studi kasus dari objek di PT.X yang banyak melakukan proyek disektor industri EPC. Metode Analisa menggunakan Analisa kualitatif riskmanagement berbasis PMBOK 2017, Analisa Statisitik deskrisi, Analisa faktoruntuk mendapat ekstraksi faktor baru dari resiko sehingga mudah dikontrol.Hasil penelitian ini berupa identifikasi resiko resiko interface dan resikodominan berdasarkan tingkatnya dari assessment risk matriks di komisioningproyek EPC dalam persepktif Management Interface sebagai langkah mengatasipermasalahan integrasi. Adanya keterkaitan complexity dan komunikasi, typicalproject EPC industri, kompleksitas yang disusun dalam strategi juga strategi yangtepat dan terintegrasi dalam perspektif Manajemen Interface menangani risikorisikoyang terjadi sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja waktu pada komisoningproyek EPC.

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ABSTRACTImplementation of EPC projects is often delayed, especially on typicalindustrial EPC projects in the Oil Gas, Power Plant, Petrochemical Processingplant sectors. Delays are often the case in project performance that miss theexpectation of contractor execution executor. EPC contract integrated industrialprojects naturally increase the level of project complexity associated withcommunication needs to support stakeholder collaboration processes ininformation sharing for coordination and integration. Integration should ultimatelybe done from parts of the sub-system and components that have interrelationshipdependent, interdependent, and independent but boundary between parts becomeproblems that arise form in the form of interfacing / interfacing problems.This study aims to identify the risk of interface risk and the dominant riskin EPC project commissioning so as to design a risk respond strategy to overcomethis delay problem.Research methods by conducting surveys, Delphi technique interviews onexperts and case studies of objects in PT.X which many do projects in the EPCindustry sector. Analytical Method using qualitative risk management based onPMBOK 2017, static analysis description, factor analysis to get new factorextraction from risk so easy to control.The result of this research is identification of risk of interface risk anddominant risk based on the level of assessment risk matrix in EPC projectcommissioning in Persektif Management Interface as a step to overcomeintegration problem. Existence of complexity and communication linkages,typical EPC industry project, complexity compiled in strategy as well asappropriate and integrated strategy in perspective Interface Management takescare of the risks that occur so as to improve time performance on EPC projectcommissioning."

"CAPD merupakan suatu tehnik dialisis dengan menggunakan membran peritoneum sebagai membran dialisis yang memisahkan dialisat dalam rongga peritoneum dan plasma darah dalam pembuluh darah peritoneum. Berbagai komplikasi dapat timbul pada penanganan CAPD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terjadinya komplikasi CAPD. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah 130 pasien CAPD di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta dan RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta yang dipilih dengan cara purposive sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan terhadap prosedur standar ( p = 0,019) dan higienitas saat penggantian cairan dialisat (p = 0,013) memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan komplikasi CAPD. Pasien dengan higienitas kurang baik saat mengganti cairan dialisat berisiko untuk mengalami komplikasi CAPD 3,82 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan pasien yang higienitasnya baik setelah dikontrol oleh variabel kepatuhan terhadap prosedur standar CAPD. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlu dilakukan evaluasi berkala terhadap kemampuan perawatan CAPD dirumah.

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CAPD is a dialysis technique using peritoneal membran as a dialysis membrane that separate the dialysate in the peritoneal cavity and blood plasma in the blood peritonium vessels. This study aimed to identify the risk factors of complications on CAPD.

The study used a descriptive design with cross sectional analytic. The population in this study was 130 CAPD patients in hospitals RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarda and RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta, selected by using purposive sampling.

The results of the study indicated that adherence to standard procedures (p = 0.019) and hygiene during the dialysate fluid replacement (p = 0.013) had a significant association with complications of CAPD. The patients with poor hygiene during dialysat replacement had a risk for experiencing complication of CAPD at about 3.82 times greater than patients who had good hygiene when controlled by variable of adherence to standard procedures CAPD.

The recommendation of this study was the necessity of conducting periodic evaluation of the patient?s ability of CAPD treatment at home."