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"Abstract. Irian Jaya study aims to analyse the flexibility and productivity of the urban informal sector of regional economy in Jayapura. The approach used is qualitative in nature. The findings of the study show that the informal sector in Jayapura is very flexible in recruiting human resources of varying backgrounds (gender, age, education, even capital). The study also finds that the productivity of the sector is very high as the profit gained by the informal sector actors is significantly higher than the cost. Factors attributing to the flexibility of the informal sector in Jayapura are labour and demand whereas factors attributing to productivity are labour and demand, which are positively correlated, and flexibility, which is negatively correlated. "

"Tatanan spatial di pemukiman informal seperti Kampung Kolong Tol Angke menggambarkan dinamika sosial dan spatial yang rumit. Area abu-abu di bawah kolong Tol Angke menyediakan hunian yang mampu dijangkau tetapi menghadapi masalah seperti isolasi sosial dan dikecualikan dari perencanaan kota formal. Meskipun terdapat masalah tersebut, ikatan sosial yang kuat dan ketahanan komunitas membantu kemajuan sosial dan ekonomi. Organisasi spatial yang organik, meliputi jaringan jalan dan area komunal, memperkuat interaksi sosial dan partisipasi komunitas, menciptakan suasana yang vibrant dan hidup. Mengenali struktur sosial-spatial ini sangat penting untuk para perencana kota untuk dapat memasukkannya dalam perencanaan kota yang formal, meningkatkan inklusivitas dan keberlanjutan. Adanya elemen formal dan informal berdampingan menunjukkan perlunya kebijakan perkotaan yang memperhatikan kebutuhan beragam penduduk, meningkatkan integrasi sosial dan keadilan spatial.

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The spatial organization in informal settlements like Kampung Kolong Tol Angke illustrates complex social and spatial dynamics. The gray areas beneath the Angke toll bridge provide affordable housing but face issues such as social isolation and exclusion from formal urban planning. Despite these challenges, strong social bonds and community resilience contribute to social and economic progress. The organic spatial organization, including networks of streets and communal areas, enhances social interaction and community participation, creating a vibrant and lively atmosphere. Recognizing this social-spatial structure is crucial for urban planners to incorporate it into formal city planning, enhancing inclusivity and sustainability. The coexistence of formal and informal elements highlights the need for urban policies that consider the diverse needs of all residents, improving social integration and spatial justice."

"This article is focused and the effect of economic development, especially urban development, upon informal activities and urban poor. The gist of this article is that although an impressive record of economic growth had been achieved during PJP I (the first long term development strategy), the urban informal activities and urban poor still seamed to experiences the same problems. Partly these as a result of the development implemented tend to be concentrated in urban areas of Java, especially around the primate city of Jakarta. This inequality of development not only affected the performance of development activities but has also hindered the spread of employment opportunities to other areas, both rural and urban. Consequently, most of the urban labour forces have forced to remain involved in the informal activities and therefore keep them stay in the poor conditions."

"Leading to sustainability, smart settlement challenges our understanding on urban environment, the natural region, and most importantly on our way of living. Yet, the journey to look for smart settlements needs to begin with a careful examination of our current conditions. "

"ABSTRAKPada kampung kota banyak dijumpai warga yang memperluas aktivitas huniannya ke jalan dan melakukan aktivitas ekonomi informal. Dalam skripsi ini saya mencoba mengungkap transformasi dari ruang perluasan aktivitas hunian ke jalan yang menyebabkan munculnya aktivitas ekonomi informal, serta faktor dan kondisi tertentu yang memungkinkan transformasi terjadi. Dengan menggunakan teori aktivitas ruang luar Gehl (1971), saya mengklasifikasi aktivitas hunian yang diperluas keluar rumah. Teori Hillier (1996) mengenai konfigurasi spasial, saya gunakan untuk melihat perluasan ruang mana yang membentuk konfigurasi spasial. Hasil analisis tersebut lalu saya bandingkan dengan pemetaan keberadaan ekonomi informal untuk melihat konfigurasi mana yang terdapat banyak aktivitas ekonomi informal. Simpulan menunjukkan bahwa ekonomi informal muncul di ruang yang terkonfigurasi secara spasial. Namun tidak semua perluasan aktivitas hunian dapat berkonfigurasi secara spasial, terdapat kondisi tertentu yang menyebabkan ruang terkonfigurasi dan pada akhirnya memunculkan aktivitas ekonomi informal.

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ABSTRACTThis study is based on the phenomena on the behaviour of residents of kampung kota in extending their housing activity to the street and the existence of informal economy activities in kampung kota. In this study I will try to unravel the spatial transformation as a result of extended housing activity which also makes informal activity viable, as well as significant condition that makes the transformation possible. By using Gehl’s Theory (1971) about Outdoor Activities, the extended housing activities which undertaken outside the house were categorised. Then, Hillier’s Theory on Spatial Configuration was used to define which activity will form spatial configuration. The results of the analysis and mapping were compared to the mapping of existence of the informal economy both permanent or mobile. The comparison was conducted to see which informal economic activity produces spatial configuration and vice versa. In conclusion, it is shown that informal economic activity appears on areas that bound to define by spatial configuration. But this spatial configuration will only formed by specific condition of extended housing activity and ultimately led to informal economic activity."

"ABSTRACTTidak semua pelaku ibadah hidup dan bertinggal di lingkungan dengan kualitas dan kuantitas ruang dalam batas kewajaran. Melihat bahwa ruang tinggal sering kali tidak memiliki ukuran standar, maka ia bisa jadi besar, sedang ataupun kecil. Skripsi ini membahas secara spesifik mengenaik ruang ibadah pada permukiman padat informal atau kampung di Jakarta, dimana penghuninya tinggal dengan okupansi ruang di bawah standar Standar ruang tinggal Nasional Indonesia: 9m2/orang. Kondisi yang demikian membuat aktivitas para penghuni kampung harus bertumpuk satu sama lain, dan aktivitas ibadah termasuk di dalamnya. Untuk memahami penggunaan ruang ibadah di kampung, pengamatan dilakukan dengan melihat bagaimana pelaku ibadah di kampung menyematkan kualitas sakral pada kegiatan ibadah mereka. Selain ikut berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan ibadah di kampung, pengamatan juga dilakukan dengan survey kuesioner dan wawancara pada beberapa warga kampung, baik yang berhubungan langsung maupun tidak langsung dengan kelangsungan kegiatan ibadah. Untuk masa mendatang, saya berharap kajian ini dapat dikembangkan dan dilengkapi mengingat kurangnya waktu pengamatan dan waktu kegiatan ibadah yang tidak menentu.

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ABSTRACTNot all worshippers live in similar qualities and quantities of space. This paper discusses specifically the space of worship in informal, densely populated settlements in Jakarta known as kampongs, in which citizens occupy the space below standard Indonesian national standard of living space 9m2 person. Such circumstances mean that almost every daily activity undertaken by kampong inhabitants overlaps, and worship activity is no exception. To understand the site, space, and place of worship usage in kampong areas, this research aims to understand how the inhabitants create and embed sacredness, or lsquo spiritual rsquo indicators, into their worship activities. In addition to deep observation by actively participating in the kampong rsquo s worship activity, this research completed by a questionnaire survey and in depth interviews with various people living in the kampong, both directly and indirectly related to worship activity. The research found that the limitation of space does not hinder the kampong inhabitants in carrying out their worship activities. Even though mostly always overlapping with other activities, worshippers always find a way to negotiate their worship activities in such limitations. "