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"ABSTRACTDiabetic gastroenteropathy is a common complication in prolonged diabetic patients, particularly patients with poor glycemic control or other complications, including all form of diabetic complication on the gastrointestinal tract, which prompts various symptoms of heartburn, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, even constipation, diarrhea, and fecal incontinence. The underlying pathophysiology of this complication manifestations are different on each organ or symptom, but may include autonomic nervous system neuropathy, loss of Interstitial Cell of Cajal as gastric muscle pacemaker leading to dysmotility, impair of liquid transportation and motoric function, as well as hyperglycemia causing oxidative stress, and other factors like Insulin-Growth Factor I inducing smooth muscle atrophy. Diabetic gastroenteropathy is one of major morbidity on diabetes mellitus patients. Patients with this complication need to be well diagnosed and ruled out other diagnosis possibilities. Management of the complication includes resolving main symptoms and maintaining good glycemic control. With growing number of diabetes mellitus patients and the prevalence of diabetic gastroenteropathy complication not being well recorded, caused by lack of attention and knowledge of healthcare provider in identifying the complication; it is important to be able to identify and to give early treatment to diabetic gastroenteropathy patients, to increase quality of life and maintain glycemic control of the patient."

"This study aimed to determine the effect of using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene in place of conventional wax material on treatment pattern removal in the investment casting process. There are three controllable process variables that can affect treatment pattern removal, which include temperature increase, holding time and the number of layers of ceramic shell that have been considered for comparison. Comparison among the effects of temperature increase, holding time and numbers of ceramic shell layers on the ceramic shell was analyzed using ANOVA. It was found that temperature increase (Tx), holding time (t) and number of layers of ceramic shell (N) contribute significantly to the length of the crack (l) on the ceramic shell. The crack in the ceramic shell?s surface was analyzed using scanning electron microscope photos. Less layers number cause the increase of crack length. The combination between temperature upraise and longer holding time cause cracking delay. The experimental is conducted by using 3 (three) variants for each of layers number, temperature and holding time. The layers number is ranging between 7-9 layers. Temperature increase from room temperature until 1300oC. The layers number variant is ranging between 180-300 seconds. It was concluded that a longer holding time will result in a more intact ceramic shell, as longer holding times yield short crack lengths."

"Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa memberikan banyak perubahan kepada desa, salah satunya mengenai kedudukan desa sebagai subjek pembangunan atau yang dikenal dengan konsep Desa Membangun. Dalam rangka memperkuat kedudukan desa sebagai subjek pembangunan dan meningkatkan status desa, Pemerintah melakukan redistribusi ekonomi melalui dana desa. Namun pada pelaksanannya, dana desa belum mampu memberikan kontribusi dalam peningkatan status desa. Oleh karena itu, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa keterkaitan pengaturan pengelolaan dana desa dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di tingkat pusat dan daerah, pelaksanaan pengelolaan dana desa yang dihadapi oleh Pemerintah Desa Cileungsi Kidul, dan cara untuk mewujudkan konsep Desa Membangun pada Desa Cileungsi Kidul yang didasarkan pada pengelolaan keuangan desa yang optimal. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan mengenai pengelolaan dana desa masih terlalu banyak, rumit, tumpang tindih, dan sering mengalami perubahan yang tidak diiringi dengan sosialisasi yang memadai. Adapun terhadap pelaksanaan pengelolaan dana desa di Desa Cileungsi Kidul belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan. Konsep Desa Membangun pada Desa Cileungsi Kidul dapat terwujud apabila Pemerintah, Pemerintah Kabupaten Bogor, dan Pemerintah Desa Cileungsi Kidul memperhatikan keseluruhan tahapan pengelolaan keuangan desa yang diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan, terutama rekomendasi kebijakan berupa shopping list yang telah disampaikan oleh Pemerintah. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yang mengkaji rumusan masalah dari sudut pandang peraturan perundang-undangan.

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Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Village provides a lot of changes to the village. One of them is the inception of the Village-to-Develop concept which elaborates villages position as the subject of development. In order to strengthen the position of the village as the subject of development and improve the status of the village, the Government carried out economic redistribution through Village Fund. However, Village Fund has not been able to improve the status of the village. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the interrelatedness between the Village Fund management arrangements in the regulatory at the central and regional levels, the implementation of the Village Fund management faced by the Government of Cileungsi Kidul Village, and how to realize the concept of the Village-to-Develop in the Cileungsi Kidul Village, which is based on optimal village financial management. The results of this research indicate that laws and regulations regarding the management of the Village Fund are still too many, complicated, overlapping, and often being changed without the adequate socialization. The implementation of the Village Fund management in Cileungsi Kidul Village has not been thoroughly appropriate with the provisions of the regulatory. The concept of the Village-to-Develop in Cileungsi Kidul Village can be realized if the Central Government, Bogor Regional Government, and Cileungsi Kidul Village Government pay attention to the whole stages of the village financial management as regulated in the regulatory, especially policy recommendations which is called the shopping lists that have been submitted by the Central Government. This research uses a normative juridical method which reviews the problem formulations from the regulatory viewpoint."

"ABSTRACTPajak Penghasilan di sektor hulu minyak dan gas bumi merupakan salah satu sumber pendapatan negara yang sangat potensial, namun kerap kali dalam pelaksanaan pengenaannya timbul masalah, terutama terkait pemeriksaan besaran pajak penghasilan yang dibebankan kepada Wajib Pajak yang dalam hal ini adalah Kontraktor Kontrak Kerja Sama (KKKS). Maka dari itu skripsi ini akan melakukan analisis terhadap peraturan terkait pengenaan Pajak Penghasilan dalam rangka kontrak bagi hasil di sektor hulu minyak dan gas bumi serta mencoba memberikan solusi yang tepat melalui metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan serta melakukan elaborasi terhadap teori hukum antar wewenang dan Asas-Asas Umum Pemerintahan yang Baik (AUPB). Melalui elaborasi tersebut diharapkan permasalahan mengenai tumpang tindih kewenangan yang menyebabkan ketidakpastian hukum dalam proses pengenaan pajak penghasilan di sektor hulu minyak dan gas bumi dapat diperbaiki, dengan diperbaikinya masalah tersebut diharapkan gairah investasi di sektor hulu minyak dan gas bumi dapat didorong lebih maksimal sehingga ketahanan energi nasional terutama yang bersumber dari sumber daya alam minyak dan gas bumi dapat terwujud.

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ABSTRACTIncome tax at the upstream oil and gas sector is one of the potential sources of the state income, nonetheless, this imposition is frequently problematic mainly about the examination for the tax amount which charged to the taxpayer or as known as the Contractor of the Cooperative Contract. Therefore, this thesis will analyze towards the regulations about the imposition of tax income on the production sharing contract at the upstream oil and gas sector in Indonesia and provide a proper solution through the normative judicial research by conducting literature studies and elaborate the theory of inter-authority law yet principles of good governance. Using that elaborate, hopefully the overlapping authority which causing legal uncertainty in imposing income tax can be improved, so that it can increase the investment in upstream oil and gas sector and national energy endurance can be realized."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai Komite Nasional Kewenangan Transportasi (KNKT) dan Kepolisian yang memiliki kewenangan yang beririsan dalam hal penanganan kecelakaan transportasi kereta api, dimana KNKT memiliki kewenangan untuk melakukan investigasi kecelakaan transportasi, sedangkan Kepolisian memiliki kewenangan untuk melakukan penyidikan. Untuk mempermudah pemahanan, skripsi ini mengambil contoh kasus kecelakaan KA S5 (Fajar Utama Ekspres) dan KA BBR1 (Babaranjang) pada tahun 2005. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang berfokus pada hukum positif yang mengatur mengenai kewenangan Komite Nasional Keselamatan Transportasi dan Kepolisian Republik Indonesia dalam penanganan kecelakaan transportasi kereta api. Pokok permasalahan dari skripsi ini adalah mengenai kewenangan yang beririsan antara KNKT dan Kepolisian dalam penanganan kecelakaan transportasi, kemudian bagaimana pelaksanaan dan pengaturan dari kewenangan yang beririsan tersebut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui KNKT dan Kepolisian dalam hal kecelakaan transportasi kereta api dan untuk mengetahui mengenai penanganan kecelakaan transportasi kereta api dalam hal kewenangan yang beririsan antara KNKT dan Kepolisian. Hasil penelitian dari skripsi ini adalah bahwa KNKT dan Kepolisian perlu mengatur secara jelas mengenai kewenangan yang beririsan dalam penanganan kecelakaan transportasi kereta api dan keduanya perlu menentukan bentuk pengaturan yang tepat untuk mengatur kewenangan yang beririsan tersebut.

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This thesis discusses about the National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) and the Police which have intersecting authority in handling railway accidents, where the NTSC has the authority to conduct transportation accident investigations, while the Police have the authority to carry out investigations.

To make it easier to understand, this thesis takes the case of the KA S5 (Fajar Utama Express) and KA BBR1 (Babaranjang) accidents in 2005. This thesis is a normative legal research that focuses on positive law governing the authority of the National Transportation Safety Committee and the Indonesian National Police in handling railway accidents.

The main problem of this thesis is about the authority which intersects between the NTSC and the Police in handling transportation accidents, then how the implementation and arrangement of the authorities intersect. The purpose of this study is to find out about the NTSC and the Police in handling the railway transportation accidents and to find out about the handling of railway transportation accidents in terms of the authority that intersected between the NTSC and the Police.

The results of this research are the NTSC and the Police need to clearly regulate the authority that intersects in handling of train transportation accidents and both of them need to determine the appropriate form of regulation to regulate the intersecting authority."

"Indonesia sebagai negara yang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi, dikenal sebagai ldquo;hotspot rdquo; perdagangan jenis tumbuhan dan satwa liar karena perannya sebagai peyuplai terbesar di kawasan Asia. Di saat yang sama, Indonesia juga dikenal sebagai negara dengan laju penurunan keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Penurunan ini salah satunya disebabkan oleh maraknya perdagangan ilegal jenis tumbuhan dan satwa liar. Selama ini, upaya penegakan hukum atas kejahatan tersebut hanya berfokus pada jenis yang dilindungi saja. Hal ini dikarenakan Undang-undang No. 5 tahun 1990 sebagai induk kebijakan konservasi di Indonesia tidak memberikan ketentuan sanksi yang memadai terhadap kegiatan perdagangan ilegal jenis tumbuhan dan satwa liar, khususnya bagi jenis yang tidak dilindungi. Padahal, terdapat banyak jenis, yang tidak termasuk jenis yang dilindungi, namun berada dalam kondisi populasi yang terancam dan masih diperdagangkan secara bebas. Penelitian ini bersifat yuridis normatif dengan tujuan untuk mencari alternatif instrumen penegakan hukum yang dapat menjerat para pelaku perdagangan ilegal jenis tumbuhan dan satwa liar yang tidak dilindungi undang-undang. Dengan mengambil sudut pandang yang lebih luas terhadap aktifitas perdagangan, tidak terbatas pada aktifitas jual beli saja, maka terdapat beberapa undang-undang yang dapat dijadikan alternatif instrumen penegakan hukum terhadap kejahatan ini, yaitu ; undang-undang tindak tindak pidana korupsi, undang-undang kepabeanan, undang-undang karantina ikan, hewan, dan tumbuhan, undang-undang kehutanan, serta undang-undang perikanan. Keberadaan undang-undang ini dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengisi kekosongan hukum, namun, hal ini tidak mengurangin urgensi untuk mengevaluasi kebijakan dalam undang-undang konservasi sumber daya alam hayati yang selama ini berlaku di Indonesia.

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Indonesia, as one of the countries that has very high rates of biodiversity, is well known as the ldquo hotspot rdquo of international wildlife trade because of its role as the biggest supplier in Asia. However, Indonesia is also well known as the country that experienced massive biodiversity degradation, which is mostly caused by the high number of illegal trading of plant, animal, and other wildlife form. Until this very day, the law enforcement on illegal wildlife trade is only focused on protected species because Undang Undang No. 5 tahun 1990, as the prime reference of conservation rsquo s policy in Indonesia, does not provide adequate instrument of sanction on illegal trade of unprotected species, whereas there are lots of species in Indonesia that are threatened in the wild and are still being traded illegally. This research is using juridical normative approach, with the purpose to provide an alternative instrument of law enforcement on illegal trading of unprotected species from another act aside of Undang Undang No. 5 tahun 1990. If we consider the trade of wildlife as more than a process of selling and buying, then there are some acts that can be used as an alternative of law enforcement instrument, such as an anti corruption act, anti money laundering act, custom act, quarantine act, forestry act, and fisheries act. Those acts are used only as an alternative, and it does not lessen the urgency to evaluate the current conservation policy in Indonesia itself."