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"Latar belakang: Deteksi dini keterlambatan perkembangan anak merupakan hal yang penting untuk membangun anak Indonesia yang cerdas dan berkualitas. Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) merupakan kuesioner berdasarkan laporan orangtua atau pengasuh untuk mendeteksi keterlambatan perkembangan anak usia 1 bulan sampai 66 bulan yang terstandarisasi dan mudah digunakan, namun belum pernah dilakukan uji kesahihan dan keandalan terhadap kuesioner ini dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui kesahihan interna dan keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia sebagai alat penapisan keterlambatan perkembangan anak usia kurang dari 1 tahun. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang uji kesahihan interna dan keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 kelompok umur 2 bulan, 4 bulan, 6 bulan, 8 bulan, 9 bulan, 10 bulan dan 12 bulan, dilakukan pada orangtua yang memiliki anak usia 1-12 bulan baik yang sehat maupun berisiko keterlambatan perkembangan, di Kelurahan Kampung Melayu dan Kelurahan Cipinang Muara, Kecamatan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian dibagi 2 tahap. Tahap pertama (April-Juni 2018) merupakan tahapan adaptasi transkultural kuesioner ASQ-3 dari bahasa Inggris ke bahasa Indonesia. Tahap kedua (Juli-September 2018) merupakan uji kesahihan dan keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia, 35 anak setiap kelompok umur, menggunakan metode cluster sampling. Uji kesahihan konstruksi dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Correlation dan sahih jika nilai rho (r)> 0,3. Uji keandalan dinilai uji konsistensi internal yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan Alpha Cronbach's coefficient dan keandalan baik jika Cronbach's α minimum 0,6. Hasil: Keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia pada ketujuh kelompok umur menunjukkan keandalan baik hingga sangat baik (0,60-0,80). Untuk korelasi tiap butir pertanyaan per-domain umumnya menunjukkan kesahihan baik dengan nilai r > 0,3. Kesimpulan: Kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia terbukti sahih dan andal dipergunakan sebagai alat uji tapis keterlambatan perkembangan anak usia 1-12 bulan.

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Background: Early detection of development delayed is essential to the welfare an Indonesian children. Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) is a parentcompleted questionnaire, a general developmental screeening tool in 1 to 66 months old children, that are standardized and ease-to-use, but there has never been a validity and reliability test for these questionnaires in Indonesian language. Aim: To provide the internal validity and reliability of the Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires as a screening tool for identifcation developmental delayed of children less than 1 year old. Methods: Cross sectional study of internal validity test and reliability of ASQ-3 questionnaires in the age group of 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months and 12 months, conducted on parents who have children aged 1-12 months, either healthy or high risk for developmental delays, in Kampung Melayu and Cipinang Muara, Jatinegara, East Jakarta. Study is divided into 2 phases. The first phase (April-June 2018) is the stage of transcultural adaptation of the ASQ-3 questionnaires from English to Indonesian language. The second phase (July-September 2018) is the validity and reliability test of Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires, with 35 children in each age group by cluster sampling methods. The validity test of the construction was analyzed using Pearson Correlation and valid if the value of rho (r) > 0.3. Reliability tests were assessed as internal consistency tests analyzed using Alpha Cronbach's coefficient and reliability is good if Cronbach's α minimum was 0.6. Results: The reliability of the seven age groups of the Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires showed good to very good reliability (0,60-0,80). Correlation of each question perdomain generally showed good validity with a value of r > 0.3. Conclusion: The Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires proven to be valid and reliable tool as a screening test for developmental delayed of children aged 1-12 months."

"Latar belakang: Anak dengan penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) memiliki tantangan risiko gangguan cemas dan depresi yang besar karena stres fisis dan psikologis yang dialami. Kadar kortisol meningkat pada kondisi stres. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 91 anak dan remaja usia 8- 18 tahun dengan PGK di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Gangguan psikososial melalui pengisian kuesioner screen for anxiety and related disorders dan children depression inventory. Kadar kortisol saliva diperiksa melalui pemeriksaan ELISA. Hasil: Prevalens gejala kecemasan pada stadium 1-3 sebesar 38,6% dan stadium 4-5 sebesar 40,4%. Prevalens gejala depresi pada stadium 1-3 sebesar 29,5% dan stadium 4-5 sebesar 38,3%. Median kadar kortisol pada anak dengan PGK yang mengalami gejala depresi 4,48 µg/dL tidak bermakna secara statistik dibandingkan yang tidak 3,85 µg/dL. Median kadar kortisol pada anak dengan PGK yang mengalami gejala kecemasan 4,57 µg/dL tidak bermakna secara statistik dibandingkan yang tidak 3,87 µg/dL. Median kortisol pada stadium 1-3 dan stadium 4-5 terhadap CDI tidak bermakna secara statistik. Median kortisol pada stadium 1-3 terhadap SCARED tidak bermakna secara stastistik, tetapi bermakna pada stadium 4-5 dengan p=0,034. Kesimpulan: Kortisol saliva pada PGK stadium 4-5 terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara yang mengalami gejala kecemasan dan tidak.

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Objective: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a higher risk of anxiety and depression due to the physical and psychological stress. Cortisol levels increase under stressful conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 91 children and adolescents aged 8-18 years with CKD at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Psychosocial disorders through filling out screen for the anxiety and related disorders and children depression inventory questionnaires. Salivary cortisol levels were checked via ELISA. Results: The prevalence of anxiety symptoms in stages 1-3 was 38.6% and stages 4-5 was 40.4%. Prevalence of depressive symptoms in stages 1-3 was 29.4% and stages 4-5 was 38.3%. Median cortisol level in children with CKD who experienced depression symptoms was 4.48 µg/dL which was not statistically significant compared to 3.85 µg/dL for those who did not and who experienced anxiety symptoms was 4.57 µg/dL which was not statistically significant compared to 3.87 µg/dL for those who did not. Median cortisol at stages 1-3 and stages 4-5 for CDI was not statistically significant. Median cortisol at stages 1-3 of SCARED was not statistically significant, but was significant at stages 4-5 with p=0.034. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in stage 4-5 CKD who experienced anxiety symptoms and those who did not."