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"The area of Bandung municipality was 16,180.65 hectares with a population of 1,806,409 persons; so that it categorized as area with high population density that was 112 persons per hectares noted in 1998. It was implied that the high density of population by land use in 1997, which was more than 70% of this area occupied for settlement and industrial regions. With such populated area, one could expect a huge amount of waste accumulated. Municipal solid waste generated approximately 8,000 m3 per day that was disposed to three disposal sites. These were located at TPA (Tempat[ Pembuangan Akhir) Sampah Leuwigajah, Jelekong and Pasir Impun. These areas operate until the year 2002. Therefore, Bandung municipality should seek a new location for disposal site.To find new disposal site based on scientific considerations, geographical information system and approach were employed. The methods used were overlaying techniques with scoring method. The scoring method consisted of physical and social parameters. To determine the most suitable location, technical measurement was also considered. Solid waste disposed to TPA will be decomposed that create odor, gas and liquid that impact on the environment. Gas, especially methane would be flammable. While, the liquid might produce leachate that will be absorbed by the soil surface. In consequence, it would contaminate the ground water. Therefore, in determining most suitable disposal site one must discern physical and social conditions.According to SK SNI T-11-1991-03 regarding TPA Sampah (Waste Disposal Site) Selection Procedures, physical condition parameters must be considered, e.g. altitude, slope, geological risk, soil type, and water table. While social condition parameters consist of population density, land use, and distance from waste source. Each parameter was scored according to the condition. Then, each thematic map was overlaid one to the other to have strata of the most suitable, suitable and not suitable areas for disposal site based on physical and social parameters.There are 37 most suitable locations that must be analyzed to obtain selected location. Then, technical consideration was applied to determine the selected location. The technical consideration parameters contained location area, water discharge and recharge system, accessibility, and distance from the river, distance from the airport, traffic condition, and windrow. The most important parameter was location area. The measurement for location area with assumption for 15 years of operation period, and eight kecamatan would dispose its waste to the selected location. The eight kecarnatan were Margahayu, Margaasih, Katapang, Dayeuhkolot, Soreang, Cimahi Selatan, Cimahi Tengah and Cimahi Utara. These were highly dense population, so that it would not have its own disposal site. The disposal site area required would be around 212.12 hectares. In conclusion, the proposed, most suitable location for Bandung Municipal Solid Waste disposal site would be the area of 357.49 hectares, which was located in the border of Kecamatan Soreang and Katapang."

"Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya terhadap konservasi yang mempunyai fungsi dan peran penting sebagai perlindungan sistem penyangga kehidupan dan pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati beserta ekosistemnya, yang telah ditetapkan oleh Menteri Pertanian pada tanggal 6 Maret 1980.Dalam undang-undang nomor 5 tahun 1990 tentang konservasi sumber daya alam hayati dan ekosistemnya didefinisikan sebagai kawasan pelestarian alam yang mempunyai ekosistem asli dikelola dengan sisters zoning yang telah dideklarasikan pada The IV th World Congres on National Park and Protected Area di Caracas, Venezuela 1992.Penelitian dengan judul "Sebaran Wilayah Berpotensi Rawan Perambahan Di Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango Dan Sekitarnya" bertujuan ingin mengkaji perubahan spatial terhadap kondisi wilayah yang telah ditentukan menurut hukum yang secara formal (legal) maupun yang terjadi saat ini berkembang.Adanya penetapan suatu daerah Taman Nasional sering menimbulkan konflik antara masyarakat sekitar dengan pihak pengelola, untuk mengurangi gangguan tersebut perlu adanya pengaturan yang memadai untuk kehidupan masyarakat serta pengetahuan tentang pentingnya kawasan hutan/ Taman Nasional sebagai penyangga kehidupan masyarakat sekitar.Sasaran yang ingin dicapai secara umum memberikan kerangka pendekatan yang dapat mengakomodasikan kepentingan sosial masyarakat disekitar bufferzone Taman nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango.Secara singkat perrmasalahan yang muncul dalam study ini adalah "bagaimana sebaran wilayah rawan rambah Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, baik menurut kebijakan Pemerintah maupun keberadaan (existing) penggesarannya?" selanjutnya, pertanyaan lainnya adalah "dimana wilayah yang berpotensl rawan rambah ?".Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh perubahan spatial penggunaan lahan yang secara fisik rawan rambah terdapat diwilayah bagian utara TNGGP pada Kabupaten Bogor khususnya di kecamatan Caringin, Megamendung dan Ciawi. Sedangkan Kabupaten Sukabumi adanya penambahan areal kawasan hutan khususnya di Kecamatan Cisaat.Kata Kunci : Taman Nasional Gunung Gede Pangrango, Kebijaksanaan Pemerintah, Konservasi, Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistem, Masyarakat, Rawan Perambahan, Penggunaan Lahan.

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a Distribution Which is Potential to be Encroached in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and Its Surrounding.Gunung Gede-Pangrango National Park has been determined as a National Park by the Ministry of Agriculture in 1980. As a conservation area, the National Park has its function as a protection of livelihood buffer system and sustainability biodiversity including its ecosystem.According to law no. 5/1990 concerning Conservation of Natural Resources and Biodiversity with its ecosystem, it has been defined that as a nature reserve area which has natural and original ecosystem, the area should be managed by zoning system such as being declared by the IV th World Congress on National Park and Protected area in Caracas, Venezuela 1992.The Research on :"Area Distribution which is potential to be encroached in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park and its surrounding:, has objective to analyze the spatial change of area condition which has been defined based on legal and formal law or based on situational condition.By declaring the area as a National Park, it has caused conflict between community surrounding the area and the management site. To minimize the conflict, it is needed a standard regulation for a community livelihood and a knowledge on how important is the forest area/National park as a buffer for livelihood of the community.The general objective is to give a framework of approach which could accommodate social communities' needs in the buffer zone of Gunung Gede-Pangrango National Park.In Brief, the problem rise on this study is about "How is the distribution pattern of the area potential to be encroached in Gunung Gede-Pangrango, either based on the Government policy or by the existing movement?" and the next question is : "Where is the area potentially being encroached?" Result of the study showed that there has a spatial change in using area that physically potential being encroached. The areas are located within the North Part of Gunung Gede-Pangrango National Park that is in Bogor District especially in Caringin Regency, Megamendung and Ciawi. The other location is in Sukahumi district, which is located in Cisaat Regency.Keywords: Gunung Gede-Pangrango National Park, Government Policy, Conservation, Biodiversity Natural Resources and Ecosystem, Community, Encroachment, Land Use."

"The industrialization has taken a significant part in an increase of-The-Gross Domestic Product (GDP), particularly in The Third World Countries. During 1970?s and 1980?s some cases in Indonesia had showed that the mainly input of GDP is given by manufacturing industries. It means that industrialization offers an increase of the economic growth, both regionally and domestically, including decreases in the level of poverty. Moreover, the economic improvement is still an aggregate and involved marry complicated components. According to these reasons, problem above is very attractive and then will be clearer if it is solved by a spatial approach.The case study in this research is the manufacturing industries and the poverty in the Medan City (The Capital of North Sumatra Province) in 1993-/999 period The objectives of the research are a review about the correlation between industries of manufacture (big and middle) to poverty and an identification of factors that influence it.This research uses 'Tumpang Susun Peta method' as an approach and supported by 'Statistical Correlation Method' resulting an integrated method As a consequence, the results will be found more accurately.The findings of this research are: in general, in Medan City, there was no strong correlation between the number of manufacturing industries and the poverty. An increase of amount for manufacturing industries is not followed by a decline in poverty. The ratio of the manufacture industry in manpower to the people in productive age was relatively small, e.g. 3.58 %. The level of the education was very low. On the other hand the industrial location is not located in the over-populated region.In regional area, North and South, a different pattern was illustrated. In the North, there was no strong correlation between percentage of the industry and the level of poverty. On the other hand in the South, there was a relatively strong correlation between percentage of industry and the no poverty area, especially Kecamatan Medan Johor, Denai, Area, Swigged, Petisah, and Barat. Above all, the basic quantitative of the study is viewed that industrial locations as employment highly absorbed, encourage the level of poverty to be wealthier especially in the South of Medan City."

"Permasalahan lingkungan kota yang dikenal dengan istilah kekumuhan dan pencaran kota dapat dilihat dari kondisi desakan dan konsentrasi penduduk dan angkatan kerja serta dari perubahan penggunaan tanah. Sebagai kota tersier, perkembangan kota Tasikmalaya belum sepesat perkembangan kota sekunder seperti Bandung. Akan tetapi, dalam konteks priangan Timur, Tasikmalaya menjadi Pusat Kegiatan Wilayah (PKW), yang berarti harus siap mengantisipasi desakan penduduk (baik pertumbuhan alamiah maupun urbanisasi dari wilayah sekitamya).Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gejala kekumuhan dan pencaran kota Tasikmalaya dilihat dari desakan dan konsentrasi penduduk dan tenaga kerja serta perubahan penggunaan tanah di kota Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini mengkaji kependudukan, ketenagakerjaan, dan penggunaan tanah tahun 1994 dan 2004.Unit analisis meliputi seluruh kecamatan di Kota Tasikmalaya tahun 1994. Aspek kependudukan yang dianalisis: persebaran, laju pertumbuhan dan kepadatan. Aspek ketenagakerjaan yang dianalisis: daya saing angkatan kerja pada tiga sektor (sektor primer, sekunder dan tersier). Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mengetahui daya saing angkatan kerja adalah Location Quotient (LQ). Perubahan penggunaan tanah diperoleh dari penampalan peta, korelasi antara penduduk, angkatan kerja dan perubahan penggunaan tanah dihitung dengan metode korelasi produk momen Pearson.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desakan penduduk dan angkatan kerja di kota Tasikmalaya terjadi di daerah perkotaan dan hinterland, baik pada tahun 1994 maupun 2004. Adapun konsentrasi penduduk dan angkatan kerja pada sektor sekunder dan tersier berada di bagian tengah dan utara Kota, tepatnya yaitu di Kecamatan Cihideung, Tawang dan Cipedes (daerah perkotaan). Sedangkan konsentrasi angkatan kerja pada sektor primer, berada di bagian selatan dan barat kota Tasikmalaya, tepatnya yaitu di Kecamatan Indihiang, Cibeureum dan Kawalu. Dalam hubungannya dengan lingkungan kota, Gejala kekumuhan di Kecamatan Cihideung lebih awal terjadi dibandingkan Kecamatan lainnya karena kepadatan penduduk serta konsentrasi angkatan kerja pada sektor sekunder dan tersier lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kecamatan lainnya.Perubahan penggunaan tanah yang paling dominan ialah sawah irigasi menjadi kampung (di perkotaan), dan menjadi kebun campuran (di hinterland). Dilihat dari perubahan penggunaan tanah, gejala kekumuhan pun lebih awal terjadi di Kecamatan Cihideung karena: (1) Dominasi perubahan penggunaan tanah dari belum terbangun menjadi terbangun paling tinggi (>75%), (2) Persentase penggunaan tanah jasa paling besar, dan (3) sistem pusat kotanya paling luas baik pada tahun 1994 maupun 2004.Perubahan penggunaan tanah juga menunjukkan adanya gejala pencaran kota yang terjadi di kecamatan Indihiang, dilihat dari ciri-ciri: (1) Penggunaan tanah yang terpisah jauh satu sama lain sehingga perjalanan menempuhnya tergantung pada kendaraan, (2) Dominasi penggunaan tanahnya belum terbangun, (3) Pembangunan di daerah ini cenderung mengalami kepesatan, (4) kondisi bangunan masih homogen (belum beraneka ragam).Hasil korelasi menunjukkan bahwa gejala kekumuhan lebih awal terjadi di daerah perkotaan, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya hubungan signifikan searah antara pertambahan jumlah penduduk dengan perubahan sawah irigasi menjadi industri. Selain itu adanya hubungan signifikan searah antara pertambahan jumlah angkatan kerja pada sektor tersier dengan perubahan kampung menjadi jasa.Hasil korelasi juga menunjukkan bahwa gejala pencaran kota terjadi di hinterland ditunjukkan dengan hubungan signifikan searah antara pertambahan jumlah penduduk dengan perubahan kebun campuran menjadi kampung, hutan menjadi kampung, dan kampung menjadi jasa; hubungan kuat searah antara pertambahan jumlah penduduk dengan perubahan sawah irigasi menjadi jalan, industri dan jasa; hubungan signifikan searah antara pertambahan jumlah angkatan kerja pada sektor tersier dengan perubahan kampung menjadi jasa.Guna mengantisipasi hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan hal-hal berikut: (1) Dilaksanakannya pembangunan secara merata di semua kecamatan, laju pertumbuhan penduduk dikendalikan terutama di pusat kota. Lapangan kerja dibuka pada semua sektor; (2) Saat ini, pemerintah hendaknya mengimplementasikan RTRW secara konsisten, melalui penyediaan sarana dan prasarana lingkungan untuk peruntukan tanah perumahan maupun tanah usaha. Selain itu, kebijakan pemerintah daerah terhadap wilayah yang memiliki kecenderungan kumuh harus fokus bagi revitalisasi lingkungan kota. Untuk masa datang, pembangunan konvensional ditinggalkan dan lebih fokus mewujudkan lingkungan kota yang lestari, optimal dan seimbang.; (3) Hendaknya dilakukan penelitian lanjutan yang mengkaji perkembangan gejala kekumuhan dan pencaran kota di kota Tasikmalaya khususnya untuk periode 10 tahun yang akan datang.

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The Urban blight and sprawl is an environmental problem which is influence by population pressure. As a tertiary city, development of Tasikmalaya is slower than secondary city such as Bandung, but faster than its circumstances such as Garut, Ciamis and Banjar City. Therefore Tasikmalaya become the of the Centres Of Regional Activity (CRA) in Priangan Timur. As the CRA, Tasikmalayan Government must be able to anticipate many possible things happen, for example population explodes (from naturally growth or urbanization).

This research studies on the indication of urban blight and sprawl from the dynamic of population pressure, labor force and Land use change in Tasikmalaya City. Population study is focused on population distribution, growth rate and population density. Labor force study is focused on labor force distribution and competitiveness in primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors in each sub-districts. A Location Quotient (LQ) is used to describe the labor force competitiveness. Overlay technique is employed to study land use change between 1994 and 2004. All factors are correlated using Pearson Product Moment test.

This research shows that population and labor force pressure occur in all parts of the City (Urban and hinterland). The distribution of population and labor force in tertiary and secondary sectors is concentrated in the centre and North parts of the city. While labor force in primary sector is concentrated in the South and West of the City. Relating to environmental problem, the indication of urban blight occurs inner Cihideung sub-district first, because Its population and labor force density becoming high than that of other sub-districts.

Within ten years time (1994 - 2004), there had been a significant change of land use, from green area to build area. The most changed land use is irrigated rice fields. In the urban region, irrigated rice fields have been changed into settlement area; while in hinterland area irrigated rice fields have been changed into mixed-garden. Land use changes also indicate the urban blight and sprawl which occurs in Cihideung sub-district first, because of: (1) Land use change from green area to build area > 75%, (2) Highest percentage in service land use, (3) It has widest city centre.

Land use change also indicate the urban sprawl which occurs in Indihiang sub-district first, because of: (1) Single-use zoning, (2) Low-density land use, (3) Car dependent communities, (4) Development in these areas tends to be on a larger scale than that of older established areas, and (5) Homogeneity in design.

The statistical test shows that the indication of urban blight also occur in urban area first, because there is a significant positive correlation among the growth of population and the change of rice fields into industry area. Besides that, there is a significant positive correlation among the growth of labor force in tertiary sectors and the change of settlement become service area.

The result also shows that the indication of urban sprawl also occur in hinterland, because there is a significant positive correlation among the growth of population and the change of mix-garden and green areas into settlement area, and settlement into service area; there is a strong positive correlation among the growth of population and the change of irrigation rice field area into street, industry and also service area; there is also a significant positive correlation among the growth of labor force in tertiary sector and the change of settlement into service area.

To anticipate these problems, some sound plan should be put into actions as follows :(1) Development should be applied in all sub-districts to avoid the exploitation of land and water resources, population growth should be controlled especially in the city centre. Work fields should be opened to get a healthy economic growth; (2) This time, Local Government should implement its master plan consistently and provide all the facilities needed, besides that, government policy for slum area should focused on revitalization of city environment. For the future, development focused to create a harmony, balance and sustainable city environment; (3) A more specific research on the influence of labor force on land change should be done."

"Eksplorasi mineral merupakan salah satu kegiatan penting untuk mendapatkan informasi dimana lokasi mineral berada, namun selama ini proses tersebut membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan biaya yang besar terutama jika dilakukan pada daerah yang luas. Untuk itu dalam penelitian ini penulis akan menyajikan aplikasi dari Sistem Informasi Geografis dan penginderaan jauh dalam pemetaan sebaran potensi deposit nikel laterit.Dengan menggunakan metode weight of evidence dan defoliant technique, akan ditunjukkan bagaimana pemetaan potensi deposit mineral pada wilayah tropis yang selama ini sulit untuk dilakukan. Sorowako merupakan contoh menarik untuk dikaji, wilayahnya yang merupakan bagian dari singkapan ultramafik terbesar di dunia disertai lingkungan mendukung menjadikan Sorowako kaya akan deposit nikel laterit.

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Trough Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System in mapping the potential deposit distribution of nickel laterite. By applying the weight of evidence and defoliant technique, it evidently shows the difficulty on how mapping mineral deposits in the tropics have always been. Sorowako is an interesting place to be studied, as its region is one of the largest ultramafic faults in the world which includes the environment that supports it as a highly potential Nickel Laterite deposit."

"ABSTRAK Tema penelitian ini adalah Wilayah Pengembangan Pendidikan SMP diKota Jambi, rumusan masalah yang diteliti adalah karakteristik wilayah sebaranlokasi SMP berdasarkan parameter kualitas SMP dan wilayah pengembanganpendidikan SMP di Kota Jambi. Untuk mengetahui karakteristik wilayah sebaranlokasi SMP berdasarkan parameter kualitas SMP di Kota Jambi. Pendekatan yangdi gunakan adalah analisis secara spasial dan uji statistik. Variabel yangdigunakan adalah jumlah penduduk usia SMP, angka partisipasi sekolah,kerapatan jaringan jalan (faktor eksternal), jarak siswa dan waktu tempuh siswa(faktor siswa), nilai rata-rata ujian nasional sebagai parameter kualitas SMP, rasiokelas dan murid, rasio guru profesional dan murid, jumlah ruang sarana penunjang(faktor internal). Untuk mengetahui wilayah pengembangan pendidikan SMPpendekatan yang digunakan adalah membuat wilayah prioritas berdasarkanprosentase klasifikasi rendah terhadap fator internal dan eksternal di tiapkelurahan. Karakteristik wilayah terkait dengan mutu SMP pada ring 1didominasi oleh kwalitas SMP sedang dengan klasifikasi rasio murid dan kelasdibawah standar, rasio guru profesional dan murid diatas standar, mutu saranaprasana rendah. Karakteristik wilayah pada ring 2 di dominasi oleh kwalitas SMPsedang dengan klasifikasi rasio kelas dan murid dibawah standar, rasio guruprofesional dan murid diatas standar, klasifikasi ruang sarana prasana tinggi danrendah. Karakteristik wilayah pada ring 3 di dominasi oleh kwalitas SMP sedangdengan rasio murid dan kelas dibawah standar, rasio guru profesional dibawahstandar, mutu ruang sarana prasarana sedang. Pada faktor eksternal kualitas SMPtinggi mengikuti karakter wilayah dengan jumlah penduduk usia sekolah kategorirendah, angka partisipasi sekolah kategori rendah, indeks kerapatan jalan kategorisedang. Pada faktor siwa, semakin dekat lokasi SMP ke CBD jarak siswa kelokasiSMP semakin jauh. Terkait waktu tempuh siswa klasifikasi lama menjadi karakterwilayah pada ring 1 dan 3 dan waktu tempuh sedang pada ring 2. Wilayahpengembangan pendidikan SMP prioritas utama adalah Kelurahan Kenali AsamBawah, Kelurahan Talang Bakung, Kelurahan Thehok, Kelurahan Sungai Putri,Kelurahan Talang Banjar, Kelurahan Beringin dan Kelurahan Solok Sipin

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ABSTRACT This research theme is Education Development Area of Junior High School in thecity of Jambi, the formulation of the problem under study is characteristic of thedistribution area of locations SMP based on the SMP’s quality parameter and theeducation development area in the city of Jambi. To determine the characteristicsof the distribution area of location based on the parameters of quality juniorsecondary schools in the Jambi. The approach that used is spatial analysis andstatistical analysis. Variables that used are the number of age junior high schoolpopulation, school participant rate, density of road network (external factors),students distance and student travel time (students factor), the average value of thenational exam as a junior high school quality parameters, class and students ratio,professional teachers and students ratio, the amount of support facilities (internalfactors). To find the area of junior high school education development, theapproach that is used is to make the priority area based on low classificationpercentage of the internal and external factor in each political district. Based onthe discussion, it can be concluded as follows: Regional characteristics associatedwith quality of SMP in ring 1 are dominated by medium quality of junior highschool with the middle rate with students and class ratio is under of the standard,professional teacher and student ratio above the standard, the classification ofinfrastructures facilies below the standart. Characteristics of the ring 2 isdominated by medium quality of junior high school with the middle rate with theclassification of class and student ratio below the standard, professional teacherand student ratio above the standard, the classification of infrastructures is in themiddle rate and low. Characteristics of ring 3 is dominated by medium quality ofjunior high school with the class and student ratio is sub-standard, professionalteacher ratio is below the standard, quality of infrastructure is in the middle rate.Quality of the junior high school with external factor follow the character of thearea with low a population of school-age, low school participant rate, the categoryof medium of road density index. Quality of the junior high school with studentfactor, the location SMP closer to the CBD distance farther, related to theclassification of a long travel time students become characters in the ring region 1and 3 and the travel time being in ring 2. Area of education development in thetop priority are Kelurahan Kenali Asam Bawah, Kelurahan Talang Bakung,Kelurahan Thehok, Kelurahan Sungai Putri, Kelurahan Talang Banjar, KelurahanTalang Banjar, Kelurahan Beringin dan Kelurahan Solok Sipin"