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"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Pendidikan kesehatan gigi mulut berperan penting untuk pencegahan komplikasi diabetes terhadap gigi mulut. Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 sebelum dan sesudah diberikan edukasi. Metode: Subjek penelitian diberikan perlakuan berupa buku berisi materi komprehensif kesehatan gigi mulut dilakukan evaluasi pra dan pasca perlakuan dengan kuesioner dan hasil evaluasi dianalisis secara statistik. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah pemberian perlakuan mengenai dampak diabetes terhadap gigi mulut sebesar 30,75%. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 saat sebelum dan sesudah edukasi, ditandai dengan peningkatan pengetahuan dampak diabetes terhadap gigi dan mulut.;Background: Oral health education play an important role to prevent oral complications in diabetic people. ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the efficacy of oral health education to increase knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This Respondents were given intervention by using comprehensive booklet then knowledge of both groups was evaluated by questionnaire. Results of questionnaire then analyzed using statistical test. Results: There were significant knowledge improvements of education group remarked by the 30,75% improvement on effects of diabetes towards oral health item. Conclusion: There were differences of knowledge before and after education, marked by effects of diabetes towards oral health, Background: Oral health education play an important role to prevent oral complications in diabetic people. Objective: To investigate the efficacy of oral health education to increase knowledge of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This Respondents were given intervention by using comprehensive booklet then knowledge of both groups was evaluated by questionnaire. Results of questionnaire then analyzed using statistical test. Results: There were significant knowledge improvements of education group remarked by the 30,75% improvement on effects of diabetes towards oral health item. Conclusion: There were differences of knowledge before and after education, marked by effects of diabetes towards oral health]"

"Pasien diabetes memiliki risiko yang lebih besar terhadap penyakit periodontal yang dapat berakibat pada kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi status kesehatan rongga mulut dan kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada pasien diabetes mellitus. Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner OHIP-20 dan pemeriksaan klinis untuk evaluasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada pasien diabetes mellitus di RSCM. Dari 70 orang responden sebanyak 97.1% memiliki kualitas hidup yang baik. Kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut tidak dipengaruhi oleh diabetes mellitus pada responden yang dilakukan pemeriksaan.

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Diabetic patients have more risk factor for periodontal disease which can affect their oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate oral health status and oral health related quality of life in diabetes mellitus patients. This cross sectional study was conducted by giving OHIP-20 questionnaire and clinical examination to evaluate oral health in diabetic patient in RSCM. The result showed from 70 patients 97.1% had good quality of life. Oral health related quality of life is not affected by the presence of diabetes mellitus among the respondents."

"Latarbelakang: Diperlukan program intervensi perubahan perilaku menyikat gigiyang berefek jangka panjang. Tujuan: membandingkan efektivitas metodeappreciative inquiry (AI) dengan dental health education (DHE) konvensionalterhadap pembentukan otomatisasi habit menyikat gigi. Metode: intervensikomunitas dilakukan dengan rancangan acak pada 164 anak usia 7-8 tahun di kota Madiun. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara kuesioner dan pemeriksaan intra oral. Hasil: Proporsi anak yang mengalami otomatisasi pada kelompok AI lebih besar (63,8%) dibandingkan dengan kelompok DHE (22,1%) dan berbeda secara signifikan (P = 0.000; OR= 11.9, 95% CI = 4.794-29.497). Kesimpulan: metode appreciative inquiry lebih efektif dalam mengubah perilaku menyikat gigi dibandingkan DHE konvensional.

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Background: Intervention program to achieve toothbrushing behavioural change with long-term effect still rarely implemented.

Objective: to compare the effectiveness of appreciative inquiry (AI) againts conventional health education approach for forming automaticity toothbrushing habit.

Methods: Randomized-Community Trial on 164 children age 7-8 years in Madiun City, data collection by interview and intraoral examination.

Results: automaticity proportion was significantly higher in the AI group (63,8%) as compared to conventional group (22,1%) (P = 0.000; OR= 11.9, 95% CI = 4.794-29.497).

Conclusion: appreciative inquiry was more effective than conventional health education approach for toothbrushing behavior change."

"ABSTRACTLatar belakang Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa status gingivitis dari anak-anak sekolah berusia 12 tahun yang tinggal di Jakarta dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi status gingivitis mereka. Metode Ini adalah studi cross sectional. Anak-anak sekolah usia 12 tahun yang tinggal di Jakarta direkrut melalui probabilitas klaster multistage yang proporsional dengan ukuran random sampling dan 24 dari 1346 SMP negeri dan swasta di Jakarta dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Status gingivitis dicatat menggunakan indeks CPI berdasarkan standar Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia. Kuesioner yang diisi sendiri diberikan kepada orang tua untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang latar belakang dan perilaku yang berhubungan dengan kesehatan mulut anak-anak mereka. Hasil 481 anak berpartisipasi dalam penelitian dan hanya tiga anak yang memiliki gusi sehat tanpa gusi berdarah dan tidak ada kalkulus. Prevalensi gusi berdarah adalah 99,4, dan prevalensi kalkulus adalah 83,8. Status gingivitis tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kebiasaan menyikat gigi dan kehadiran gigi. Kesimpulan Kondisi gingivitis dari sebagian besar anak-anak sekolah berusia 12 tahun yang tinggal di Jakarta adalah miskin. Oleh karena itu, strategi untuk mempromosikan kesehatan mulut dan mencegah penyakit gingivitis sangat diperlukan.

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ABSTRACTBackground This study aims to examine the gingivitis status of 12 year old school children living in Jakarta and the factors affecting their gingivitis status. Methods This was a cross sectional study. 12 year old school children living in Jakarta were recruited through a multistage cluster probability proportional to size random sampling and 24 from 1346 public and private Junior High Schools in Jakarta were included in the study. Gingivitis status was recorded using the CPI index based on the World Health Organization standards. A self completed questionnaire was given to the parents to collect information on the background and oral health related behaviors of their children. Results 481 children participated the study and only three childs who had healthy gums no bleeding gums and no calculus . The prevalence of bleeding gums was 99,4 , and the prevalence of calculus was 83,8 . Gingivitis status was not significantly related to tooth brushing habit and dental attendance. Conclusion The gingivitis condition of most of the 12 year old school children living in Jakarta was poor. Therefore, strategies to promote oral health and prevent gingivitis disease is urgently required. "

"Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta kemampuan mastikasi terhadap status nutrisi pada lansia. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di 9 kegiatan posbindu lansia yang berada di beberapa wilayah di DKI Jakarta. Jumlah subjek lansia ialah sebanyak 177 subjek yang datang ke kegiatan posbindu lansia. Subjek penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis standar WHO oleh dua orang pemeriksa, pengukuran antropometri BMI, serta wawancara kuesioner Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA dan penilaian kemampuan mastikasi secara subjektif. Hasil: Prevalensi karies pada 177 subjek lansia berusia 60 tahun ke atas sebesar 84,7 dengan nilai DMF-T 13,88. Ditemukan bahwa 56,8 subjek masih memiliki 20 gigi atau lebih dan 50,8 subjek memiliki kemampuan mastikasi yang baik. Didapatkan pula bahwa 58,8 subjek memiliki status nutrisi yang baik berdasarkan MNA dan 47,5 subjek tergolong kelebihan berat badan berdasarkan BMI. Hasil uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara skor DMF-T, M-T, jumlah gigi yang tersisa, jumlah gigi sehat, dan kemampuan mastikasi dengan status nutrisi berdasarkan MNA, sedangkan skor DMF-T dan jumlah gigi sehat memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan status nutrisi berdasarkan BMI. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status kesehatan gigi dan mulut dan kemampuan mastikasi self-assessed terhadap status nutrisi pada lansia.

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Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between oral health status and masticatory ability with nutritional status in elderly. Methods: This cross sectional study was performed in 9 community health centers in several regions in Indonesia rsquo s capital, Jakarta. The study population involved 177 independently living elderly aged 60 and above. Assessment of oral health status was carried out by two examiners. Masticatory ability was assessed by interviewing subjects. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurement BMI and Mini Nutritional Assessment MNA by interview method. Results: The caries prevalence of 177 independent elderly subjects is 84,7 , with a DMF T socre of 13,88. One half of the participants still has 20 teeth or more which corresponds to the number of participants with good masticatory ability 50,8 . According to MNA screening, 58,8 of subjects has normal nutritional status and 47,5 of subjects are overweight according to BMI screening. There was a significant association between DMF T score, amount of tooth loss M T , number of remaining teeth, number of sound teeth, and masticatory ability with nutritional status according to MNA score. DMF T score dan number of sound tooth was also significantly associated with BMI. Conclusion: Oral health status and masticatory ability was associated with nutritional status in elderly."

"Latar Belakang: Self-perceived pada penyakit periodontal yang sering ditemui pada anak-anak umur 12-15 tahun masih rendah dan masih memiliki disparitas yang signifikan dengan diagnosis klinis. Tujuan: Menganalisis self-perceived dan diagnosis klinis status gingiva pada anak usia 12-15 tahun di Jakarta. Metode: Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan kuesioner untuk mendapatkan informasi self-perceived dan pemeriksaan indeks plak dan gingiva dilakukan pada 494 anak di enam SMP Negeri di Jakarta. Hasil: Persentase plak dan prevalensi gingivitis masing-masing adalah 99,6 dan 95,7 . Sensitivitas dan spesifisitas pada diagnosis klinis plak dengan cut-off point= 0,74 yang paling baik masing-masing adalah 86 yaitu kebutuhan perawatan gigi dan mulut dan 89 yaitu gusi bengkak sedangkan pada diagnosis klinis indeks gingiva dengan cut-off point= 0,51 yang paling baik masing-masing adalah 85 yaitu kebutuhan perawatan gigi dan mulut dan 88 yaitu gusi bengkak, namun, kedua variabel self-perceived tersebut tidak menunjukkan keseimbangan antara nilai spesifisitas dan sensitivitasnya. Kesimpulan: Gingivitis masih lazim. Penggunaan kuesioner untuk menilai self-perceived terhadap status gingiva rendah.

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Background: Self perceived of periodontal diseases which is commonly found among 12 15 year old children is still low and has significant disparity with clinical diagnosis.

Objective: The study aims to analyze self perceived and clinically diagnosed of gingival status among 12 15 year old children in Jakarta.

Methods: A cross sectional study using questionnaire to obtain self perceived information and clinical examination using plaque and gingival index was performed on 494 children in six junior high school in Jakarta.

Results: Plaque percentage and gingivitis prevalence respectively were 99,6 and 95,7. The highest sensitivity and specificity of clinically diagnosed plaque with 0,74 cut off points were respectively 86 for dental treatment need and 89 for swelling gums, meanwhile for gingival index with 0,51 cut off points were respectively 85 for dental treatment need and 88 for swelling gums, nevertheless both self perceived variables didn rsquo t show balanced values.

Conclusions: Gingivitis is still prevalent, however the use of questionnaire as a self perceived assessment has low value to gingival status among 12 15 year old children."

"Latar belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat oral health literacy (OHL)terhadap status klinis dan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta denga faktor sosiodemografis pada lansia independen. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan total 195 subjek lansia di Kota Depok berusia 60 tahun ke atas dengan pengisian data sosiodemografis, kuesioner dengan metode wawancara mengenai tingkat oral health literacy menggunakan HeLD-29, dan kuesioner perilaku menjaga kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Status klinis dinilai melalui pemeriksaan klinis menggunakan indeks DMF-T, status periodontal menggunakan CPI-modified, status pemakaian gigi tiruan, status kebersihan mulut menggunakan indeks OHI-S, serta penilaian kemampuan mastikasi secara subjektif. Hasil: Rerataskor oral health literacy pada penelitian ini adalah 3,45±0,67. Nilai Cronbachs alpha = 0.945. Validitas diskriminan memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kemampuan mastikasi (p<0,01) dan validitas konvergen memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan gigi hilang, skor DMF-T, dan kemampuan mastikasi (p<0,01), serta gigi yang direstorasi (p<0,05). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara beberapa domain HeLD-29 dengan status klinis kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Perbedaan bermakna secara statistik juga terdapat pada jumlah gigi yang hilang, gigi yang direstorasi, dan poket periodontal antara kelompok dengan oral health literacy rendah dengan kelompok dengan oral health literacy tinggi (p<0,05). Didapatkan pula perbedaan rerata skor oral health literacy yang bermakna pada variabel usia dan tingkat pendidikan, serta adanya hubungan signifikan antara nilai DMF-T dengan frekuensi kunjungan ke dokter gigi dan antara perdarahan gingiva dengan status merokok. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat oral health literacy dengan status klinis kesehatan gigi dan mulut serta dengan faktor sosiodemografis yaitu usia dan tingkat pendidikan pada lansia independen. Terdapat hubungan antara status klinis dengan perilaku kesehatan gigi dan mulut.

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Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between oral health literacy(OHL), oral healthstatus, and oral health behavior of independent elderly.

Methods: Cross-sectional study involved 195 independent living elderly in Depok aged 60 and above. The subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire collectin information about socio-demographics, Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-29) questionnaire to assessed oral health literacy, and oral health behavior questionnaire by interviewing subjects. Oral health status was recorded by clinical oral examination using DMF-T index, CPI-modified, denture status, OHI-S, and the masticatory performance wasassessed subjectively.

Results: Oral health literacy mean score in this study is 3,45±0,67. The Cronbachs alpha = 0.945. The discriminant validity were confirmed by HeLD scores being significantly associated with mastication ability(p<0.01). The convergent validity were confirmed by HeLD score being significantly associated with amount of tooth loss, DMF-T score, and mastication ability (p<0,01) also with amount of filled teeth (p<0,05). There were correlations between some HeLD-29 domain with oral health status. There were significant differences of amount of tooth loss (M-T), amount of filled teeth (F-T), and amount of deep pocket between the group with low oral health literacy and the group with high oral health literacy (p<0,05). Statistical differences were also found between oral health literacy mean score amongst age and education level group. There were also correlations between DMF-T score and dental visits and between amount of bleeding on probing and smoking status of the subjects.

Conclusion: Oral health literacy was associated with oral health status and the socio-demographics such as age and education level there is a relationship between oral health status and oral health behavior in independent elderly."

"Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan unmet need dan inequality dalam utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia tahun 2013. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) melalui Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) ditahun 2013. Analisis deskriptif, regresi logistik dan concentration index (CI) digunakan pada studi ini. Hasil: Dari seluruh responden Susenas 2013, hanya 1,64% penduduk Indonesia yang memiliki perceived need dan hanya 2,30% penduduk yang melakukan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di tahun 2013. Dari perceived need tersebut, terdapat 94,82% responden memiliki unmet need. Analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara unmet need dengan usia, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal, kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan dan tingkat pendidikan. Analisis CI dari perceived need dan utilisasi pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut menunjukkan adanya inequality yang keduanya lebih terkonsentrasi pada kelompok sosiekonomi tinggi (pro-rich). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan penelitian ini, masih terdapat unmet need dan inequality dalam pelayanan kesehatan gigi dan mulut di Indonesia tahun 2013.

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Objectives: To describe unmet need and inequality in utilization of dental care in Indonesia year 2013. Method: This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the Indonesian National Socioeconomic Surveys (Susenas) in 2013. Descriptive analysis, simple logistic regression and concentration index was used in this study. Result: From all Susenas respondents in 2013, only 1.64% of the Indonesian population accounted for need (perceived need), and only 2.30% of the population has utilized the dental care in 2013. From those who accounted for perceived need, 94.82% respondents has unmet need. Logistic regression analysis showed the significant association between unmet need and age, gender, residence, health insurance entitlement, and education.  Concentration index (CI) analysis from perceived need and utilization both showed the existence of inequality which are more concentrated in the higher socioeconomic group (pro-rich). Conclusion: Based on this study, unmet need and inequality in utilization of dental care in indonesia on 2013 still exists."