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"ABSTRAKKanker kolorektal merupakan salah satu jenis kanker yang paling banyakmenyebabkan kematian di dunia dan berada di peringkat tiga terbanyak setelahkanker paru dan kanker payudara. Inflamasi merupakan predisposisi kankerkolorektal melalui berbagai mediator proinflamasi dan antiinflamasi yang dihasilkansel-sel inflamasi. Pengobatan kanker kolorektal secara konvensional dengan terapibedah, kemoterapi maupun radioterapi belum dapat memberikan hasil yangmemuaskan karena angka kekambuhan kanker yang tinggi dan terjadinya inflamasiakibat terapi. Annona muricata Linn. (AML), atau sirsak memiliki zat aktifasetogenin,yang selain bersifat anti-oksidan, antiinflamasi juga memiliki efeksitotoksik karena mampu menginduksi apoptosis dengan mengurangi kadar cAMPdan cGMP pada sel-sel kanker manusia. Dua puluh lima subyek penderita kankerkolorektal yang sudah direseksi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dan mendapatkantambahan terapi berupa ekstrak etanol daun AML atau maltosa selama 8 minggu, dandilakukan pemeriksaan kadar TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, COX-2 serta cleaved caspaseCK18 melalui serum subyek sebelum dan setelah terapi selesai dilakukan. Pemberianekstrak etanol AML tidak menimbulkan perubahan signifikan dari kelima parameterdibandingkan antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Terdapat korelasi bersifatpositif yang signifikan antara mediator proinflamasi TNF-α dan IL-10 setelahperlakuan yaitu 0,641 (p = 0,009) dan juga korelasi positif antara TNF-α dan ccCK18yaitu 0,817 (p = 0,002). Berdasarkan hasil di atas ekstrak etanol AML memiliki peranuntuk meregulasi homeostasis proinflamasi dan antiinflamasi serta berperan dalamproses apoptosis.

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ABSTRACTColorectal cancer is one type of cancer which causes the most deaths in the world andis the third highest after lung cancer and breast cancer. Inflammation is one ofcolorectal cancer predispotition, mediated by a variety of inflammatory cytokineproduced by inflammatory cells. Treatment of colorectal cancer include surgicaltherapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy had not given a satisfactory result for the highrecurrence rate of cancer, even resulted inflammation as a side effect of therapy.Annona muricata Linn. (AML), or soursop has asetogenin as one of its activesubstances, which have antioxidant potency, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effectbecause it can induce apoptosis by reducing levels of cAMP and cGMP in humancancer cells. Twenty-five post-resection colorectal cancer patients divided into twogroups and get ethanol fraction of leaves of AML or maltose as an additional therapyfor 8 weeks. Levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, COX-2 and caspase cleaved CK18serum subjects before and after treatment was examined. Ethanol fraction of AMLdid not make a significant change from the five parameters which were comparedbetween treatment and kontrol groups. TNF-α and IL-10 serum after treatment had apositive correlation with R= 0,641 (p = 0.009). TNF-α and ccCK18 also had positivecorrelation with R = 0.817 (p = 0.002). Based on results the ethanol fraction of AMLplays a role to homeostasis of proinflammatory and antiinflammatory as well asapoptosis regulation."

"Pengaruh suplementasi probiotik Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 rerbadap respon imun anak usia di bawah dua tahun Diare masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius terutama di negara berkembang sebagai konttibutor malnutrisi dan penyebab morbiditas serta mortalitas anak usia bawah lima tahun. Penggunaan antibiotika tidak efektif bohkan biasanya menyebabkan efek samping yang merngikan. Penelitian ini akan menggali manfaat bakterl indigenous Lactobacillus plantarnm IS-I 0506 isolasi dari dadih susu fermentasi spontan asal Sumatra Barat. Penelitian ini dirancang sebagai pre post randomized double--blind placebo clinical trial. Dua puluh anak usia 1-2 tahun diberikan suple:mentasi dan dibagi atas dua perlakuan yairu probiotik dan placebo. Dilaksanakan di Larangan, Cileduk, Tangerang Banton. Subyek diberikan suplementasi selama 90 bari dan setiap 30 hari dilakukan perneriksaan fisik oleh seorang dokter umum. Terdapat kenaikan persentase subyek yang mengalami kenaikan slgA , TGF-~1 dan penurunan TNF-a: namun uji statistic chi square tidak memmjukkan signifikansi dan juga tidak ditemukan korelasi antara titer slgA, TGF-P:l, TNF~a. Di sisi lain suplementasi probiotik tidak cukup signifikan untuk dapat menekan insiden diare. Kecilnya jumlah sample sangat mempengaruhi kesimpulan statistik yang didapat

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Effect of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum [S-10506 supplementation on children younger than two year immune response Diarrheal disease remains a serious public health problem in developing world~ is wen known as a significant contributor to malnutrition and one of the major causes of the annual morbidity and mortality among under-five children in the developing world. The use of antibiotics had not been effective and often followed by serious side effect. We investigated the benefit of indigenous bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum 18-10506 isolated from dadih, spontaneous fermented milk from West Sumatra. This study was designed as pre post randomized double-blind placebo clinical trial. Twenty chrildren I - 2 years old were supplemented and divided into 2 treatment, probiotic and placebo groups. This in Larangan, Ciled~ Tangerang Banten provice were recruited and involved in this study. They were supplemented for 90 days and every 30 days physically clinical examination by physician. There are an enhancement of presentation subject who get a increasement titer of sigA dan TGF-Pl and supprestion of TNF~ a but not significant and there are no correlation significant between titer slgA, TGF-P1 and TNF a. Supplementation probiotik is not enough to suppress the diarrhea insidents lower than placebo. Very little sample quantity influences the statistic conclusion."