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"Bekerja di ketinggian merupakan aktivitas yang memiliki risiko tinggi. Kasus jatuh dari ketinggian berkontribusi atas 38% dari 105.182 kasus kecelakaan kerja di sektor konstruksi. Pada tahun 2020 dan 2021, PT.X memiliki dua kecelakaan jatuh dari ketinggian. Pengaruh organisasi menjadi kontributor paling besar dalam kedua kasus yang ada. Studi ini membahas secara mendalam terkait analisis kecelakaan bekerja di ketinggian yang terjadi pada PT.X pada tahun 2020-2021 menggunakan aspek human factors. Pada analisis kecelakaan, akan digunakan salah satu teori human factors yaitu Swiss Cheese Model dengan tools turunan yaitu Human Factors Analysis and Classification. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan menggunakan data sekunder serta wawancara dengan pihak PT.X. Penggunaan aspek human factors pada kecelakaan bekerja di ketinggian akan menemukan kondisi laten dan kegagalan aktif yang dapat menjadi faktor-faktor kontributor terhadap kecelakaan. Kondisi laten yang ditemukan antara lain kurangnya kesadaran manajemen dalam menegakkan aspek keselamatan, belum tersedianya fasilitas pendukung safety yang optimal, dan lainnya. Sedangkan kondisi aktif yang berkontribusi antara lain pengetahuan dan pelatihan yang kurang dari pekerja tentang bahaya serta pengendalian di tempat kerja, pelanggaran aturan kerja, dan lainnya. Peneliti menyarankan untuk PT.X melakukan perbaikan atas faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian kecelakaan khususnya di level manajemen dan organisasi.

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Working at heights is a high-risk activity. Falls from heights accounted for 38% of the 105,182 work accidents in the construction sector. In 2020 and 2021, PT.X had two falls from a height. Organizational influence is the biggest contributor in both cases. This study discusses in depth the analysis of work accidents at the height that occurred at PT.X in 2020-2021 using human factors aspects. In the accident analysis, one of the theories of human factors will be used, namely the Swiss Cheese Model with derivative tools, namely Human Factors Analysis and Classification. The research method used is a case study using secondary data and interviews with PT.X. The use of human factors aspects in accidents at work will find latent conditions and active failures that can be contributing factors to accidents. Latent conditions found include lack of management awareness in enforcing safety aspects, unavailability of optimal safety support facilities, and others. While active conditions that contribute include lack of knowledge and training of workers about hazards and controls in the workplace, violation of work rules, and others. Researchers suggest PT.X make improvements to the factors that contribute to the incidence of accidents, especially at the management and organizational levels."

"Acquired Immune Deficiency Sindrome (AIDS) adalah kumpulan gejala yang disebabkan oleh Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Virus tersebut merusak kekebalan tubuh manusia dan menyebabkan turunnya atau hilangnya daya tahan tubuh sehingga mudah terjangkit penyakit infeksi .Hubungan seks yang tidak aman, penggunaan jarum suntik yang tidak steril dan secara bergantian,transfusi darah yang terinfeksi HIV,dan penularan ibu yang terinfeksi HIV ke anak yang dikandungnya merupakan faktor resiko yang dapat menularkan HIV dari satu orang ke orang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik pasien yang terdiri dari jenis kelamin, umur, status kawin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan perilaku beresiko serta IMS dengan kejadian HIV/AIDS di Klinik VCT Puskesmas Cikarang Kecamatan Cikarang Utara Kabupaten Bekasi. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang berasal dari data kunjungan pasien yang melakukan VCT ( Voluntary Counselling and Testing) dari bulan Januari - Desember 2013. Desain penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 587 orang. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Analisis univariat dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pada setiap variabel yang diteliti. Sedangkan analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel independen dan variabel dependen. Adapun analisis multivariate digunakan untuk melihat faktor yang paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian HIV/AIDS. Uji statistic yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji chi-squre untuk bivariat dan regresi logistic ganda untuk multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan persentase pasien yang mengalami kejadian HIV positif di Klinik VCT Puskesmas Cikarang pada Tahun 2013 sebesar 12,4 %. Variabel yang berhubungan bermakna dengan dengan kejadian HIV adalah variabel status kawin (p= 0,012) dan status IMS (p=0,012). Variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian HIV adalah status bercerai dengan OR 5,3. Untuk mencegah terjadinya HIV/AIDS maka penulis menyarankan untuk selalu menggunakan kondom pada saat melakukan perilaku seks beresiko juga disarankan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan IMS untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan HIV/AIDS.

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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a collection of symptoms that are caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This virus damages the immune humans and cause a decrease or loss of endurance, so to infection and illness. Unsafe sex, use of unsterile needles and in turn, HIV-infected blood transfusions, and transmission of HIV-infected mother to child it contains a risk factor that can transmit HIV from one person to another.

This study aims to determine the relationship of patient characteristics consisting of gender, age, marital status, education, occupation, and risk behavior and STI incidence of HIV / AIDS in the health center VCT Clinic Cikarang Bekasi. The data used in this study is a secondary data derived from traffic data of patients undergoing VCT (Voluntary Counselling and Testing) of the month from January to December 2013.

Study design using cross-sectional design (cross-sectional) with a total sample of 587 people. The data were then analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine the characteristic features of each variable studied. While the bivariate analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable. The multivariate analysis is used to see the most dominant factors associated with the incidence of HIV / AIDS. Statistical tests used in this study is the chi-square test for bivariate and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analyzes.

The analysis showed the percentage of patients who experienced a positive HIV incidence in Cikarang VCT clinic at the health center in 2013 of 12.4%. Variables significantly associated with the incidence of HIV is variable marital status (p = 0.012) and the status of STI (p = 0.012). The most dominant variables associated with HIV incidence is divorced marital status with OR of 5.3. To prevent HIV / AIDS, the authors suggest to always use a condom when doing risky sexual behavior are also advised to check the IMS to prevent the transmission of HIV / AIDS."

"ABSTRACTPenelitian ini membahas tentang nilai risiko yang terdapat pada proses pencucian mobil di Indo Steam Hydraulic pada tahun 2014. Penilaian risiko dilakukan dengan menganalisis nilai konsekuensi, frekuensi pemajanan dan kemungkinan dari setiap tahapan pekerjaan yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan standar level risiko semikuantitatif W.T. Fine untuk mengetahui level risiko yang ada pada setiap kegiatan pencucian mobil. Penelitian ini mengacu pada teori AS/NZS 4360:2004. Pengumpulan data didapatkan dari hasil observasi dan wawancara langsung terhadap pekerja. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa risiko keselamatan kerja tertinggi yang ada pada proses pencucian mobil adalah terkena cairan kimia berupa shampoo dan sabun. Sedangkan risiko yang lain antara terpeleset, terkilir, postur janggal, terkena percikan air, terkena pajanan matahari, terkena cairan kimia, serta terkena debu, kotoran dan uap panas. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan upaya pengendalian berupa engginering, administrative, dan alat pelindung diri (APD).

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ABSTRACTThis study discusses the value of the risks inherent in the process of washing the car in Indo Hydraulic Steam in 2014. Risk assessments carried out by analyzing the value of consequences, frequency of exposure and the likelihood of each phase of the work which is then compared to the standard level of risk semiquantitative WT Fine to determine the level of risk involved in any activity carwash. This study refers to the theory of AS / NZS 4360:2004. The collection of data obtained from observations and interviews directly to workers. The survey results revealed that the highest safety risks that exist in the process of washing a car is exposed to chemicals such as shampoo and soap. While other risk between slips, sprains, awkward postures, splash water, exposed to sun exposure, exposed to chemicals, as well as exposure to dust, dirt and steam. Therefore the necessary control measures in the form of engginering, administrative, and personal protective equipment (PPE)."

"[ABSTRAKSalah satu tujuan utama dari investigasi kecelakaan adalah untuk memberikan rekomendasi perbaikan dan pencegahan agara dapat mencegah kecelakaan yang sama terulang di kemudian hari. Adanya kecelakaan berulang di PT.X mengindikasikan bahwa investigasi kecelakaan yang dilakukan belum efektif. Salah satu yang menjadi faktor penting dalam investigasi kecelakaan adalah kualitas investigator, karena investigator lah yang akan menjalankan seluruh rangkaian proses investigasi kecelakaan kerja. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara awal, pihak investigator menjelaskan bahwa para investigator belum pernah mendapatkan pelatihan khusus mengenai investigasi kecelakaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kualitas investigator kecelakaan kerja di PT.X . Kualitas investigator dilihat dari tiga variabel yaitu kompetensi, konsistensi, dan open minded. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif bersifat deskriptif melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. ku Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas investigator di PT.X masih kurang baik. Dimana, aspek kompetensi masih kurang baik, aspek konsitensi berada pada tingkatan yang baik dan open minded berada pada tingkatan cukup baik.ABSTRACTOne of the main purpose of accident investigation is to create recommendations for corrective actions in order to prevent the recurrent accident in the future. Some reccurent accidents at PT.X indicating that the previous accident investigations have not done effectively. One of the main factors in accident investigation is the quality of investigators, because investigators conduct the whole steps of accident investigation. Based on an early interview with some of the investigators, they said that they‟ve never been trained about accident investigation. Thus, this qualitative study aims to assess the quality of accident investigators at PT.X. The aspects of quality that will be assessed in this study are competency, consistency, and the ability of investigators to be open minded. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with in-depth interviews, observations, and secondary data. The result showed that the overall quality of accident investigators at PT.X is categorized not good, in which the competency aspect is poor, consistency aspect is good, and the ability of investigators to be open minded aspect is good enough.;One of the main purpose of accident investigation is to create recommendations for corrective actions in order to prevent the recurrent accident in the future. Some reccurent accidents at PT.X indicating that the previous accident investigations have not done effectively. One of the main factors in accident investigation is the quality of investigators, because investigators conduct the whole steps of accident investigation. Based on an early interview with some of the investigators, they said that they‟ve never been trained about accident investigation. Thus, this qualitative study aims to assess the quality of accident investigators at PT.X. The aspects of quality that will be assessed in this study are competency, consistency, and the ability of investigators to be open minded. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with in-depth interviews, observations, and secondary data. The result showed that the overall quality of accident investigators at PT.X is categorized not good, in which the competency aspect is poor, consistency aspect is good, and the ability of investigators to be open minded aspect is good enough., One of the main purpose of accident investigation is to create recommendations for corrective actions in order to prevent the recurrent accident in the future. Some reccurent accidents at PT.X indicating that the previous accident investigations have not done effectively. One of the main factors in accident investigation is the quality of investigators, because investigators conduct the whole steps of accident investigation. Based on an early interview with some of the investigators, they said that they‟ve never been trained about accident investigation. Thus, this qualitative study aims to assess the quality of accident investigators at PT.X. The aspects of quality that will be assessed in this study are competency, consistency, and the ability of investigators to be open minded. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with in-depth interviews, observations, and secondary data. The result showed that the overall quality of accident investigators at PT.X is categorized not good, in which the competency aspect is poor, consistency aspect is good, and the ability of investigators to be open minded aspect is good enough.]"

"[Perusahaan X adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang produksi beton, dimana pada proses kerja melibatkan alat transportasi seperti truck, tanki, loader, mobil, dan lain sebagainya. Jenis kecelakaan kerja yang sering terjadi berupa kecelakaan kerja lalu-lintas. Pengendalian-pengendalian telah dilakukan dan diterapkan namun angka kecelakaan tetap saja tinggi. Agar pengendalian tepat sasaran, diperlukan analisis atau kajian terhadap bahaya dan risiko keselamatan lalu-lintas di dalam plant perusahaan X. Analisis risiko yang tajam dan mendalam menghasilkan pengendalian yang tepat sasaran. Analisis risiko dilakukan dengan menggunakan standard AZ/NZS 4360 : 2004 dengan mempertimbangkan probability, konsekuensi, dan tingkat risikonya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif bersifat deskriptif melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 32 potensi bahaya dan 46 risiko keselamatan lalu lintas di dalam plant perusahaan X dimana hasil analisis tingkat risiko berdasarkan pengendalian yang sudah ada, terdapat 16 risiko sangat tinggi, 15 risiko tinggi, 5 sedang, dan 10 rendah. Enam belas risiko sangat tinggi merupakan 12 faktor pengendara dab 4 faktor jalan.Kata Kunci: Analisis Risiko, Keselamatan Lalu-lintas, Kecelakaan Kerja, Kecelakaan Lalu-Lintas, Pengendara, Jalan, Kendaraan, Lingkungan.;X company is one of a company that produce ready use concrete. Most of their work process are involving vehicle (truck, tank, loader, car, etc). The type of workplace accident that usually happened is traffic accident. Controls are being planned and applied, but the accident still happen. To make an appropriate controls, company needs to do the risk analysis about risk, hazard, and unexpected event in the plant. Risk analysis can be done by the use of AS/NZS 4360 : 2004 standard and assess the probability, consequences, and level of risk. Method that used is descriptive-qualitative including observation and deep interview. The result showed that the potential hazard found are 32 and risk found are 46, which is the level of risk is 16 extremely high, 15 high, 5 moderete, and 10 low.;X company is one of a company that produce ready use concrete. Most of their work process are involving vehicle (truck, tank, loader, car, etc). The type of workplace accident that usually happened is traffic accident. Controls are being planned and applied, but the accident still happen. To make an appropriate controls, company needs to do the risk analysis about risk, hazard, and unexpected event in the plant. Risk analysis can be done by the use of AS/NZS 4360 : 2004 standard and assess the probability, consequences, and level of risk. Method that used is descriptive-qualitative including observation and deep interview. The result showed that the potential hazard found are 32 and risk found are 46, which is the level of risk is 16 extremely high, 15 high, 5 moderete, and 10 low.;X company is one of a company that produce ready use concrete. Most of their work process are involving vehicle (truck, tank, loader, car, etc). The type of workplace accident that usually happened is traffic accident. Controls are being planned and applied, but the accident still happen. To make an appropriate controls, company needs to do the risk analysis about risk, hazard, and unexpected event in the plant. Risk analysis can be done by the use of AS/NZS 4360 : 2004 standard and assess the probability, consequences, and level of risk. Method that used is descriptive-qualitative including observation and deep interview. The result showed that the potential hazard found are 32 and risk found are 46, which is the level of risk is 16 extremely high, 15 high, 5 moderete, and 10 low., X company is one of a company that produce ready use concrete. Most of their work process are involving vehicle (truck, tank, loader, car, etc). The type of workplace accident that usually happened is traffic accident. Controls are being planned and applied, but the accident still happen. To make an appropriate controls, company needs to do the risk analysis about risk, hazard, and unexpected event in the plant. Risk analysis can be done by the use of AS/NZS 4360 : 2004 standard and assess the probability, consequences, and level of risk. Method that used is descriptive-qualitative including observation and deep interview. The result showed that the potential hazard found are 32 and risk found are 46, which is the level of risk is 16 extremely high, 15 high, 5 moderete, and 10 low.]"

"Kecelakaan transportasi dapat terjadi dimana saja. Di Kampus Universitas Indonesia (UI) Depok, tahun 2014 terdapat 82 kecelakaan dan per bulan Agustus 2015 sudah mencapai 96 kasus. Kecelakaan didominasi oleh kendaraan bermotor roda dua. Studi ini bertujuan melihat gambaran dan interaksi faktor yang mempengaruhi keselamatan transportasi kendaraan bermotor roda dua di Kampus UI. Studi bersifat deskriptif analitik dan dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian menghasilkan bahwa kondisi fisik dan sosial di Kampus UI Depok belum cukup adekuat mengakomodasi keselamatan pengendara. Pengendara umumnya memiliki kemampuan dan keterampilan namun cenderung agresif dan tidak taat aturan. Faktor tersebut berinteraksi meningkatkan risiko dari kecelakaan di Kampus UI Depok.

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Transportation accidents can happen everywhere In Universitas Indonesia UI Depok Campus there are 82 accidents in 2014 and per August 2015 it has been increased to 96 cases The accidents dominated by two wheeled motor vehicle This study shows a descriptive analysis of factors and their interaction related to two wheeled transportation safety in UI Depok Campus It is a descriptive analytics study with qualitative approach The results are physical and social environment in UI Depok Campus are not adequate enough to accommodate the riders and although the riders have good skill and ability they still have negative personality related to aggression and obedience These factors interact and increase risk of the accidents in UI Depok Campus."

"Penggunaan bahan kimia di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sudah tidak asing lagi, namun bahan kimia memiliki bahaya yang dapat mengancam keselamatan dan kesehatan manusia. Kecelakaan pada industri kimia seperti yang terjadi di Bhopal mengingatkan kita bahwa manajemen penanganan bahan kimia di industri kimia sangat penting. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan menggunakan checklist yang diadopsi dari Management of Hazardous Chemical Programme dan Chemical Safety Assessment Tool serta observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumen perusahaan. Manajemen penanganan bahan kimia di PT. X sudah cukup baik namun memiliki beberapa kekurangan seperti pelatihan, risk assessment, surveilans medis, dan emergency response plan.

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The usage of chemical in daily life is common however, chemicals have hazards that can threaten human safety and health. Accidents in chemical industries such as in Bhopal, have reminded us that chemical handling management in chemical industries is important. This study used descriptive qualitative method and used a checklist that adopted from Management of Hazardous Chemical Programme and Chemical Safety Assessment Tool and observation, interview, and document review. Chemical handling management in PT. X is adequate but has several weaknesses in training, risk assessment, medical surveillance, and emergency response plan."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang manajemen risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada proses pembuatan gong di sektor informal Pabrik X tahun 2016. Desain penelitian ini adalah survei dengan pendekatan semi-kuantitatif, menggunakan tools Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) untuk mengidentifikasi bahaya, mengacu pada Standar Manajemen Risiko AS/NZS 4360:2004. Penilaian risiko dilakukan dengan menganalisis nilai kosekuensi, pajanan serta peluang terjadinya dampak, kemudian dianalis dengan metode Fine pada AS/NZS 4360:2004. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa level risiko yang belum acceptable pada setiap proses pembuatan gong di Pabrik X, yaitu very high, priority 1, substansial dan priority 3. Telah dirumuskan rekomendasi pengedalian risiko yang bersifat engineering dan administratif.

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The research was about occupational safety and health risk management of gong manufacturing process at informal sector Factory X in 2016. The design of that research was based on a survey with semi-quantitative approach, Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) was used to identify hazard referred to Risk Management Standard AS/NZS 4360:2004. The risk evaluation was conducted by analyze the quality of consequence, exposure and probability of the impacted, then it was analyzed by Fine method in AS/NZS 4360:2004. The result of this research showed level of risk was unacceptable, there were very high, priority 1, substantial and priority 3. Gong manufacturing was suggested to control the risk by engineering and administrative control."

"Kurangnya pencahayaan di tempat kerja berdampak pada kesehatan mata. Penelitian ini membahas tentang gambaran tingkat pencahayaan terhadap keluhan subjektif kelelahan mata pekerja di ruang security and safety PT. XYZ tahun 2016. Penelitian bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan desain studi cross sectional. Data didapat dari penyebaran kuesioner dan melakukan pengukuran tingkat pencahayaan di ruang kerja yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan tingkat pencahayaan yang ada pada KepMenKes No.1405/MENKES/SK/XI/2002. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat cahaya 81,3% tidak memenuhi NAB dan mengalami keluhan mata sebesar 87,5%. Faktor tampilan layar monitor dan kelainan refraksi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap kelelahan mata.

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The lack of illumination in the workplace have an impact on eye health. This study are discussed about illumination level overview based subjective complaints on eyestrain workers in the security and safety's room of PT. XYZ year 2016. The study are descriptive by using cross sectional study design's approach. Data have been obtained from questionnaires and measuring of the illumination's level in the workspace and then compared with the illumination's level standard based on Kepmenkes No.1405/Menkes/SK/XI/2002. Based on the research showed that 81.3% of the lighting's level didn't meet NAB (Illumination's Threshold Value) and experiencing eye's complaints reach out to 87.5%. Factors of display's screen and abnormal refraction have a significant impact to human's eyestrain."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang keluhan nonauditory terhadap tingkat kebisingan di Dept. Cor Unit II PT. X. Keluhan nonauditory meliputi gangguan komunikasi, gangguan psikologis dan gangguan fisiologis. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan semikuantitatif, cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga Juni 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kebisingan di Departemen Cor Unit II di PT. X berkisar antara 80,1 - 99,3 dB (A) dan gambaran tingkat kebisingan dengan keluhan yang dirasakan oleh para pekerja, keluhan yang paling banyak dirasakan adalah lelah (76,2%), tidak nyaman (71,4%), harus berteriak (61,9%) dan harus memperkeras suara (61,9%).

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This thesis discusses complaints nonauditory against the noise level in Dept. Cast Unit II PT. X. Complaints nonauditory are physiological disorders, psychological disorders, and communication disorders. This research is descriptive research by using a semiquantitative, cross-sectional. This study was conducted in May and June 2016. The results show the noise level in the Department of Cor Unit II PT. X ranged from 80,1 to 99,3 dB (A) and the description of the noise level with subjective complaints felt by workers, complaints are the most widely perceived fatigue (76.2%), discomfort (71, 4%), had to shout (61.9%) and should amplify the sound (61.9%)."