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Rizkinawati Azwar
Reaktivitas uji tuberkulin pasca BCG pada anak usia 2 dan 5 tahun di Jakarta tahun 2013 = Tuberculin reactivity post BCG among 2 and 5 year old children in Jakarta 2013
"Latar belakang: Uji tuberkulin merupakan metode yang digunakan untuk mendeteksi infeksi tuberkulosis pada anak. Interpretasi hasil uji tuberkulin positif pada anak usia kurang dari 5 tahun yang telah mendapatkan imunisasi BCG dapat menimbulkan keraguan, karena hasil positif juga dapat dihasilkan akibat imunisasi tersebut. Pada sarana terbatas, diagnosis kerja TB anak dapat ditegakkan dengan menggunakan sistem penilaian (skor) TB.
Tujuan: Mengetahui hasil reaksi uji tuberkulin pada anak kelompok usia 2 dan 5 tahun yang telah mendapat imunisasi BCG pada usia 0-2 bulan.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian desain potong lintang yang dilaksanakan selama periode Oktober – Desember 2012 pada anak sehat di 12 posyandu di Jakarta Selatan dan 3 Taman Kanak-kanak di Jakarta Timur, Barat, dan Utara. Anak yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian menjalani pemeriksaan fisis dan uji tuberkulin yang dibaca 48-72 jam sesudahnya. Anak dengan hasil uji tuberkulin positif dan/atau terpajan pasien TB dewasa dinilai skor TB dan menjalani evaluasi lebih lanjut di pusat kesehatan rujukan.
Hasil: Proporsi uji tuberkulin positif pada anak kelompok usia 2 tahun yang sudah mendapat imunisasi BCG pada usia 0-2 bulan adalah 7 dari 84 anak (8%). Proporsi uji tuberkulin positif pada anak kelompok usia 5 tahun yang sudah mendapat imunisasi BCG pada usia 0-2 bulan adalah 8 dari 79 anak (10%). Proporsi anak dengan riwayat BCG pada usia 0-2 bulan, hasil uji tuberkulin positif dan memiliki skor TB ≥6 adalah 3 dari 7 anak kelompok usia 2 tahun dan 3 dari 8 anak pada kelompok usia 5 tahun. Semua anak kelompok usia 2 tahun dan sebagian besar anak kelompok usia 5 tahun dengan hasil uji tuberkulin positif terpajan pasien TB paru dewasa dengan BTA sputum positif.
Kesimpulan: Uji tuberkulin dapat digunakan pada balita dengan riwayat BCG untuk mengetahui adanya infeksi TB karena hasil uji tuberkulin positif pada anak usia 2 dan 5 tahun dengan riwayat BCG usia 0-2 bulan masing-masing hanya 8% dan 10%
Background: Tuberculin skin test is a method used to detect tuberculosis infection in children. Its interpretation in under-five children with history of BCG immunization is questioned because the ability of BCG to produce positive reaction. In limited setting, approach to establish diagnosis of tuberculosis in children can be based on Pediatric TB scoring introduced by Indonesian Pediatric Society.
Objective: To study the proportion of tuberculin reactivity among 2- and 5-year-old children with history of BCG immunization.
Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted during October to December 2012. Subjects are healthy 2- or 5-year-old children from 12 integrated population-based healthcare posts (Posyandu) in South Jakarta and 3 kindergarten di East, West, and North of Jakarta. Physical examination and tuberculin test was performed on every subjects. Children with positive tuberculin test and/or exposed to adult TB patients were evaluated using Pediatric TB scoring and refered to nearest healthcare centers.
Results: Tuberculin positivity among 2-year-old with history of BCG immunization is 7 of 84 children (8%). Tuberculin positivity among 5-year-old with history of BCG immunization is 8 of 79 children (10%). Proportion of children with positive tuberculin skin test, history of BCG immunization and TB score ≥6 is 3 of 7 on 2-year-old children group and 3 of 8 on 5-year-old children group. All 2-year-olds and most of 5-year-olds with positive tuberculin skin test is exposed to adult tuberculosis patients with positive acid-fast bacili sputum-smear.
Conclusion: Tuberculin test can be utilized to examine tuberculosis infection on under-five children with history of BCG immunization because tuberculin positivity among 2- and 5-year-old children with history of BCG are only 8% dan 10%, respectively."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Cut Nurul Hafifah, supervisor
Insidens dan faktor risiko pneumonia aspirasi pada anak dengan palsi serebral = Incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy
"[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang Masalah saluran napas yaitu pneumonia aspirasi merupakan masalah utama berkaitan dengan kualitas hidup morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak palsi serebral PS Faktor yang berperan terhadap timbulnya pneumonia aspirasi antara lain adalah kelemahan otot napas gangguan koordinasi menelan refluks gastro esofagus status gizi dan imunitas yang kurang baik Namun hingga kini belum ada data seberapa besar insidens pneumonia aspirasi pada anak dengan PS di Indonesia dan faktor risiko yang berhubungan Tujuan Mengetahui insidens pneumonia aspirasi pada anak dengan PS dan hubungan faktor risiko dengan kejadian pneumonia aspirasi Metode Penelitian ini adalah studi kohort prospektif untuk menilai insidens pneumonia aspirasi dan studi potong lintang untuk menilai faktor risiko pneumonia aspirasi Penelitian ini dilakukan di Ruang Rawat Inap dan Klinik Neurologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangukusumo Waktu rekrutmen penelitian 1 Maret 31 Maret 2015 Waktu pengamatan tanggal 1 April 30 September 2015 Terhadap subyek dilakukan anamnesis termasuk penilaian faktor risiko dengan Dysphagia Disorder Survey pemeriksaan fisis dan R ntgen toraks sebagai data awal selanjutnya subyek diamati selama 6 bulan untuk mengevaluasi adanya pneumonia aspirasi Hubungan bivariat antara kejadian aspirasi dan faktor risiko dilakukan dengan uji Fisher dan Mann Whitney sedangkan analisis multivariat dilakukan dengan regresi logistik Hasil Total subjek penelitian adalah 40 anak dengan PS Dua subjek mengalami drop out karena meninggal dunia dan dua subjek loss to follow up sehingga terdapat 36 pasien yang berhasil diamati hingga enam bulan Sebanyak 8 dari 36 22 2 pasien pada penelitian ini mengalami kejadian aspirasi baik silent aspiration 5 5 maupun pneumonia aspirasi secara klinis 19 4 Derajat beratnya PS berhubungan dengan pneumonia dan silent aspiration p 0 040 sedangkan pneumonia dan silent aspiration tidak berhubungan dengan gangguan koordinasi menelan p 0 2 dan status gizi p 0 107 Simpulan Insidens pneumonia aspirasi pada anak PS adalah 22 2 dengan derajat beratnya PS sebagai faktor risiko terjadinya PS ABSTRACT Background Respiratory problems such as aspiration pneumonia are major morbidities and mortalities in children with cerebral palsy and play major role in the quality of life of these children Several risk factors may contribute to these problems including respiratory muscle weakness dysphagia gastro esophageal reflux disease nutrition and immune problem Nevertheless there are still no data on the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy in Indonesia Aim To determine the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy Method Incidence of pneumonia was studied prospectively and the prevalence of the risk factors was studied as cross sectional Subjects were recruited from March 1st ndash 31st 2015 through Neurology Clinic and Pediatric Ward Cipto Mangukusumo Hospital At baseline we evaluate history physical examination risk factors using Dysphagia Disorder Survey and chest X ray to evaluate the incidence of silent aspiration Subjects were followed up for six months to determine the incidence of aspiration pneumonia Analysis of the risk factors contributing to aspiration pneumonia were tested using Fisher rsquo s exact test and Mann Whitney Multivariate analysis was tested using logistic regression Result A total of 40 children with cerebral palsy were recruited Two subjects died during follow up and two subjects were loss to follow up giving a total of 36 subjects who completed the study Eight out of 36 subjects 22 2 had one or more episodes of aspiration consisting of silent aspiration 5 5 and clinically diagnosed aspiration pneumonia 19 4 Gross motor function was statistically signifant as risk factor of aspiration pneumonia p 0 040 while dysphagia p 0 2 and nutritional status p 0 107 were not associated with pneumonia and silent aspiration Conclusion Incidence of aspiration pneumonia and silent aspiration in children with cerebral palsy is 22 2 with gross motor function as a risk factor ;Background Respiratory problems such as aspiration pneumonia are major morbidities and mortalities in children with cerebral palsy and play major role in the quality of life of these children Several risk factors may contribute to these problems including respiratory muscle weakness dysphagia gastro esophageal reflux disease nutrition and immune problem Nevertheless there are still no data on the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy in Indonesia Aim To determine the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy Method Incidence of pneumonia was studied prospectively and the prevalence of the risk factors was studied as cross sectional Subjects were recruited from March 1st ndash 31st 2015 through Neurology Clinic and Pediatric Ward Cipto Mangukusumo Hospital At baseline we evaluate history physical examination risk factors using Dysphagia Disorder Survey and chest X ray to evaluate the incidence of silent aspiration Subjects were followed up for six months to determine the incidence of aspiration pneumonia Analysis of the risk factors contributing to aspiration pneumonia were tested using Fisher rsquo s exact test and Mann Whitney Multivariate analysis was tested using logistic regression Result A total of 40 children with cerebral palsy were recruited Two subjects died during follow up and two subjects were loss to follow up giving a total of 36 subjects who completed the study Eight out of 36 subjects 22 2 had one or more episodes of aspiration consisting of silent aspiration 5 5 and clinically diagnosed aspiration pneumonia 19 4 Gross motor function was statistically signifant as risk factor of aspiration pneumonia p 0 040 while dysphagia p 0 2 and nutritional status p 0 107 were not associated with pneumonia and silent aspiration Conclusion Incidence of aspiration pneumonia and silent aspiration in children with cerebral palsy is 22 2 with gross motor function as a risk factor ;Background Respiratory problems such as aspiration pneumonia are major morbidities and mortalities in children with cerebral palsy and play major role in the quality of life of these children Several risk factors may contribute to these problems including respiratory muscle weakness dysphagia gastro esophageal reflux disease nutrition and immune problem Nevertheless there are still no data on the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy in Indonesia Aim To determine the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy Method Incidence of pneumonia was studied prospectively and the prevalence of the risk factors was studied as cross sectional Subjects were recruited from March 1st ndash 31st 2015 through Neurology Clinic and Pediatric Ward Cipto Mangukusumo Hospital At baseline we evaluate history physical examination risk factors using Dysphagia Disorder Survey and chest X ray to evaluate the incidence of silent aspiration Subjects were followed up for six months to determine the incidence of aspiration pneumonia Analysis of the risk factors contributing to aspiration pneumonia were tested using Fisher rsquo s exact test and Mann Whitney Multivariate analysis was tested using logistic regression Result A total of 40 children with cerebral palsy were recruited Two subjects died during follow up and two subjects were loss to follow up giving a total of 36 subjects who completed the study Eight out of 36 subjects 22 2 had one or more episodes of aspiration consisting of silent aspiration 5 5 and clinically diagnosed aspiration pneumonia 19 4 Gross motor function was statistically signifant as risk factor of aspiration pneumonia p 0 040 while dysphagia p 0 2 and nutritional status p 0 107 were not associated with pneumonia and silent aspiration Conclusion Incidence of aspiration pneumonia and silent aspiration in children with cerebral palsy is 22 2 with gross motor function as a risk factor , Background Respiratory problems such as aspiration pneumonia are major morbidities and mortalities in children with cerebral palsy and play major role in the quality of life of these children Several risk factors may contribute to these problems including respiratory muscle weakness dysphagia gastro esophageal reflux disease nutrition and immune problem Nevertheless there are still no data on the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy in Indonesia Aim To determine the incidence and risk factors of aspiration pneumonia in children with cerebral palsy Method Incidence of pneumonia was studied prospectively and the prevalence of the risk factors was studied as cross sectional Subjects were recruited from March 1st ndash 31st 2015 through Neurology Clinic and Pediatric Ward Cipto Mangukusumo Hospital At baseline we evaluate history physical examination risk factors using Dysphagia Disorder Survey and chest X ray to evaluate the incidence of silent aspiration Subjects were followed up for six months to determine the incidence of aspiration pneumonia Analysis of the risk factors contributing to aspiration pneumonia were tested using Fisher rsquo s exact test and Mann Whitney Multivariate analysis was tested using logistic regression Result A total of 40 children with cerebral palsy were recruited Two subjects died during follow up and two subjects were loss to follow up giving a total of 36 subjects who completed the study Eight out of 36 subjects 22 2 had one or more episodes of aspiration consisting of silent aspiration 5 5 and clinically diagnosed aspiration pneumonia 19 4 Gross motor function was statistically signifant as risk factor of aspiration pneumonia p 0 040 while dysphagia p 0 2 and nutritional status p 0 107 were not associated with pneumonia and silent aspiration Conclusion Incidence of aspiration pneumonia and silent aspiration in children with cerebral palsy is 22 2 with gross motor function as a risk factor ]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
SP-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ika Maya Sandy
Profil pasien anak dengan limfadenopati servikal di klinik rawat jalan RSCM Kiara, Jakarta = Profile children with cervical lymphadenopathy in outpatient clinic RSCM Kiara, Jakarta
"Latar belakang: Limfadenopati servikal merupakan pembesaran kelenjar getah bening >1 cm di regio servikalis. Etiologi bervariasi, di negara maju 70% merupakan kasus limfadenitis reaktif, sedangkan di negara berkembang 56,67% merupakan infeksi tuberkulosis. Belum ada penelitian di Indonesia tentang hal ini.
Tujuan: Mengetahui profil kejadian limfadenopati servikal pada anak di Klinik Rawat Jalan RSCM Kiara, Jakarta.
Metode: Desain potong lintang deskriptif pada 6126 subyek usia 1 bulan – 18 tahun, didapatkan 93 subyek mengalami limfadenopati servikal. Subyek kemudian dianamnesis dan diikuti proses diagnosisnya.
Hasil: Prevalens limfadenopati servikal adalah 1,5%. Dari 93 subyek, 70% limfadenopati servikal bukan sebagai keluhan utama. Gejala konstitusional tersering adalah demam (43%), malaise (37,6%) dan penurunan berat badan (36,5%). Sebagian besar limfadenopati berukuran 1,1-2 cm, jamak, lokasi di anterior, 25,8% teraba berkonglomerasi dan terfiksasi, nyeri tekan hanya 2,1%. Diagnosis medis terbanyak adalah infeksi tuberkulosis (35,5%), keganasan (20,5%) dan hanya 2,1% yang merupakan kasus limfadenitis servikal akut. Biopsi dilakukan pada 28 subyek (FNAB/biopsi jaringan), 35,7% merupakan infeksi tuberkulosis, 25% kasus keganasan dan 14,2% merupakan radang kronik non-spesifik.
Kesimpulan: Prevalens limfadenopati servikal pada anak sebesar 1,5% dengan diagnosis medis dan hasil biopsi terbanyak adalah kasus infeksi tuberkulosis.
Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is an enlargement of lymph node > 1 cm in the cervical region. Etiology varies, in developed countries 70% are reactive lymphadenitis, whereas in developing countries 56.67% are tuberculosis infections. No studies in Indonesia about this topic.
Aim: To know the profile children with cervical lymphadenopathy in Outpatient Clinic, RSCM Kiara, Jakarta.
Method: Descriptive cross-sectional design on 6126 subjects aged 1 month – 18 years, found 93 subjects experiencing cervical lymphadenopathy. These subjects underwent interviews and the diagnosis process observed.
Result: Prevalence of cervical lymphadenopathy is 1.5%. From 93 subject, 70% cervical lymphadenopathy is not the main complaint. The most often constitutional symptoms are fever (43%), malaise (37.6%) and weight loss (36.5%). Most of the lymphadenopathy are 1.1-2 cm in size, multiple, location in anterior, 25.8% felt to be conglomerated and fixed, only 2.1% are tenderness. Most common medical diagnoses were tuberculosis infections (35.5%), malignancies (20.5%) and only 2.1% are acute cervical lymphadenitis. Biopsy was done to 28 subject (FNAB/open biopsy) 35,7% are tuberculosis infections, 25% are malignancies and 14,2% are non-specific chronic inflammation.
Conclusion: Prevalence of cervical lymphadenopathy in children is 1,5% and the most often medical diagnose and biopsy profile are tuberculous infection."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Wahyuni Indawati
Karakteristik uji fungsi paru pada bayi sehat di Indonesia = Characteristics of lung function in Indonesian healthy infant
"Fungsi paru bayi pada usia awal kehidupan dapat memprediksi penyakit pernapasan dan perkembangan fungsi paru di kemudian hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui karakteristik fungsi paru pada bayi di Indonesia dan membandingkannya dengan populasi di negara barat. Penelitian potong lintang dilaksanakan di RS Budi Kemuliaan, Jakarta. Dengan menggunakan automated single occlusion technique, peneliti mengukur fungsi paru pada 124 bayi. Data komplians (Crs) dan resistensi (Rrs) total dari sistem pernapasan kemudian dibandingkan dengan data dari studi WHISTLER di Belanda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa selain faktor usia, berat badan, dan panjang badan, polusi udara juga merupakan faktor determinan penting pada fungsi paru bayi di Indonesia.
Infant lung function in early life can predict respiratory disease and later lung development. We aimed to understand the characteristics of lung function in Indonesian healthy infant and to compare these with a Western population. We performed a cross-sectional study in Budi Kemuliaan Hospital in Jakarta. Using the automated single occlusion technique we measured lung function in 124 infants. The data of compliance (Crs) and resistance (Rrs) of the respiratory system were compared with data from the WHISTLER study in Neatherlands. Our results suggest that besides age, weight and height, air pollution is an important determinant of infant lung function in Indonesian children."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Yuniasti Evitasari
Karakteristik klinis pasien hemofilia a di pusat pelayanan hemofilia terpadu departemen ilmu kesehatan anak RSCM = Clinical characteristics of children with hemophilia a in the national hemophilia comprehensive care centre department of child health Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital
"Latar belakang: Hemofilia merupakan gangguan perdarahan yang bersifat herediter yang disebabkan oleh kekurangan faktor VIII. Pada kadar faktor koagulasi yang sama dapat menunjukkan karakteristik klinis yang berbeda.
Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi karakteristik klinis, penggunaan faktor VIII, dan komplikasi pada anak hemofilia A.
Metode: Penelitian kohort retrospektif pada anak le;18 tahun. Data diambil dari rekam medis Januari 2014 ndash; Juni 2016 meliputi data usia awitan perdarahan sendi, usia saat didiagnosis, kekerapan perdarahan, lokasi perdarahan, penggunaan faktor VIII, dan komplikasi yang dialami.
Hasil: Terdapat 109 subjek anak lelaki terdiri dari 2,8 subjek hemofilia A ringan, 27,5 hemofilia A sedang, dan 69,7 hemofilia A berat. Perdarahan paling sering ditemukan pada sendi 60,6 terutama pada lutut 37,2 . Anak hemofilia A berat menunjukkan usia awitan perdarahan sendi yang lebih dini median 12,5 4 - 120 bulan , kekerapan perdarahan sendi yang lebih sering median 8 1-44 kali/tahun , menggunakan konsentrat faktor VIII yang lebih banyak median 712 131 - 1913 IU/kg/tahun . Komplikasi yang ditemukan adalah hemofilik artropati dan sinovitis 46,8 , terbentuknya inhibitor faktor VIII 7,3 , anemia akibat perdarahan 2,6 , pseudotumor 0,9 , dan fraktur 0,9 . Terdapat 15,5 subjek hemofilia A berat yang menunjukkan karakteristik klinis yang lebih ringan.
Simpulan: Usia awitan perdarahan sendi berhubungan dengan kekerapan perdarahan sendi, kebutuhan faktor VIII, dan artropati. Artropati dan sinovitis merupakan komplikasi yang paling banyak ditemukan.
Background: Hemophilia A is a congenital bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of factor VIII. Phenotypic differences between patients with hemophilia is well known from clinical practice.
Aim: To identify clinical characteristics, factor VIII usage for on demand therapy, and complications of children with hemophilia A.
Method: A retrospective cohort study on children aged le 18 years. Data was obtained from medical record January 2014 ndash June 2016 including age of diagnosis, age of first joint bleed, number of bleeding, site of bleeding, treatment requirement, and complications.
Result: We found a total of 109 boys with hemophilia A consisted of 2.8 mild, 27.5 moderate, and 69.7 severe hemophilia. The most common bleeding was hemarthrosis 60.6 of the knee 37.2 . Severe hemophilia children showed earlier age of first joint bleed median 12,5 4 to 120 months , higher number of joint bleeds median 8 1 44 times year , and higher consumptions of clotting factor median 712 131 to 1913 IU kg year compared to mild and moderate hemophilia. Complications commonly found in severe hemophilia were haemophilic arthropathy and sinovitis 46.8 , followed by factor VIII inhibitors 7.3 , anaemia due to bleeding 2.6 , pseudotumour 0.9 , and fracture 0.9 . This study showed that 15.5 of patients with severe hemophilia A have mild clinical characteristics.
Conclusion: The onset of joint bleeding is related with number of joint bleeds, treatment requirement, and arthropathy and may serve as an indicator of clinical phenotype."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T55602
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Intan Sari L. Izwar
Perbandingan penutupan defek septum ventrikel dengan prosedur transkateter dan pembedahan dalam aspek mortalitas, penutupan komplit dan komplikasi blok atrioventrikular total di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo tahun 2012-2016 = Comparison of ventricular septal defect closure by transcatheter and surgery in aspect of mortality completed closure and total atrioventricular bloc at Cipto mangunkusumo hospital in 2012-2016
"Latar belakang: Pembedahan merupakan baku emas penutupan defek septum ventrikel, namun penutupan dengan prosedur transkateter sudah banyak dilakukan karena bersifat kurang invasif, mortalitas minimal dan tidak memerlukan pintasan jantung paru saat tindakan, walaupun perlu perhatian terhadap komplikasi blok atrioventrikular total. Penelitian yang membandingkan mortalitas, penutupan komplit dan komplikasi blok AV total pasien pasca-penutupan DSV dengan prosedur transkateter dan pembedahan belum ada sebelumnya di Indonesia.
Tujuan: Mengetahui perbandingan mortalitas, penutupan komplit dan komplikasi blok AV total pasien pasca-penutupan DSV dengan transkateter tahun 2012-2016 di RSCM.
Metode: Metode retrospektif analitik dengan pengambilan data rekam medis pasien DSV anak yang dilakukan prosedur pembedahan atau transkateter di PJT RSCM selama tahun 2012-2016.
Hasil: Tidak didapatkan mortalitas dan komplikasi blok AV pada kedua kelompok. Penutupan komplit kelompok pembedahan 100 dan transkateter 96,4 karena 1 subyek 3,6 mengalami kegagalan penutupan. Pencapaian penutupan komplit hari pertama pasca-penutupan DSV kelompok pembedahan 83,3 dan transkateter 92,8 . Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada kedua kelompok dalam hal waktu pencapaian dan penutupan komplit.
Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan mortalitas, penutupan komplit dan komplikasi blok AV total pasien pasca-penutupan DSV transkateter dan pembedahan.
Background: Surgery is still the gold standard for the closure of ventricular septal defect, but closure by transcatheter procedure has been largely undertaken because of less invasive, minimal mortality and do not require cardio pulmonary bypass during intervention, although we should beware of the total atrioventricular block complication. A study comparing mortality, completed closure and total AV block complication of post closure VSD with transcatheter and surgical procedures was not present yet in Indonesia.
Objective: To examine the comparison of mortality, completed closure and complication of total AV block post closure with transcatheter and surgical procedures in VSD patients at RSCM in 2012 2016.
Method: Analytical retrospective method with data retrieval from medical record of children with VSD which performed transcatheter or surgical procedure at PJT RSCM during 2012 2016.
Results: No mortality and AV block complications were found in both groups. Completed closure of 100 surgical group and 96.4 transcatheter because 1 subject 3.6 had a failure in closure. Completed closure from the first day VSD closure in surgical group was 83.3 and transcatheter was 92.8. No significant differences were found in both groups in terms of completed achievement and closure time.
Conclusions: There were no differences in mortality, completed closure and complications of total AV block post closure of VSD patients with transcatheter and surgical."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2017
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Khairiyadi
Proporsi tuberkulosis aktif dan laten pada siswa pesantren sekolah lanjutan tingkat pertama dan faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan = Proportion of active and latent tuberculosis in junior high school of islamic boarding school and associated risk factors
"Latar belakang: Pesantren dianggap sebagai tempat yang berisiko untuk penularan TB. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian proporsi TB aktif dan Infeksi TB laten ITBL di pesantren dan Hubungan faktor-faktor risiko TB dengan kejadian ITBL dan TB aktif di pesantren. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui proporsi ITBL dan TB aktif dan untuk mengetahui hubungan ITBL dan TB aktif dengan faktor risiko umur, status gizi, riwayat imunisasi BCG, riwayat kontak dengan pasien TB dewasa, durasi mondok di pesantren, dan kepadatan kamar. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada 300 siswa pondok pesantren putra Darul Hijrah pada siswa SLTP periode September ndash;Oktober 2017. Pemeriksaan anamnesis, fisis, pemeriksaan sputum sewaktu dan uji tuberkulin dilakukan untuk mencari hubungan faktor risiko TB dengan ITBL dan TB aktif. Hubungan faktor risiko dengan kejadian ITBL atau TB aktif dianalisa dengan uji chi-square atau fisher dilanjutkan dengan regresi logistik. Hasil: Proporsi siswa dengan ITBL 11,4 dan tidak ditemukan TB aktif. Hubungan faktor risiko umur >14 tahun berhubungan dengan ILTB P = 0,015 ?OR 4,1 1,4-11,6 ; IK95 . Faktor risiko status gizi, riwayat imunisasi BCG, riwayat kontak dengan pasien TB dewasa, lama tinggal pesantren, kepadatan kamar dengan tidak berhubungan ITBL. Kesimpulan: Proporsi siswa pesantren dengan ILTB sebesar 11,4 dan tidak didapatkan TB aktif. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan ITBL adalah umur lebih dari 14 tahun. Kata kunci: faktor risiko, hubungan, pesantren, proporsi, tuberkulosis
Background Islamic boarding school IBS is considered as a place that is at risk for TB transmission. There has been no research on the proportion of TB in IBS and association of risk factors to LTBI and active TB in IBS. Objectives To identify the proportion LTBI and active TB. To identify association of age, nutritional status, history of BCG immunization, contact history with TB patients, duration of stay in IBS, room density to LTBI and active TB. Methods Cross sectional study was conducted on 300 male students of Darul Hijrah IBS in junior high school on September ndash October 2017. Anamnesis, a physical examination, sputum examination dan tuberculin test was done to find the risk factor of TB. The association of risk factors with the incidence of TB or active TB was analyzed by chi square test or fisher test followed by logistic regression. Results The proportion of students with LTBI was 11.4 and there was no active TB. There was an association of age 14 years to LTBI with P 0.015 OR 4.1 1.4 11.6 IK95 . Another risk factors was not related with ILTB. Conclusion The proportion IBS of students with ITBL was 11.4 and the proportion of students active TB 0 . The risk factors associated with ITBL were age 14 years. Keywords Islamic boarding school proportion risk factors tuberculosis "
2018
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ayu Wina Karinasari
Karakteristik dan Proporsi Mortalitas Pasien Anak dengan Pneumonia Rumah Sakit di RSCM = The characteristics of children with hospital-acquired pneumonia in RSCM and its mortality.
"Latar belakang: Pneumonia rumah sakit adalah infeksi paru yang didiagnosis setelah rawat >48 jam setelah masuk rawat dan tanpa adanya tanda infeksi paru pada saat awal perawatan atau pneumonia yang didiagnosis pada saat awal masuk perawatan dengan riwayat perawatan di rumah sakit sebelumnya dengan jarak antar rawat inap 10-14 hari. Pneumonia rumah sakit merupakan salah satu infeksi nosokomial yang sering terjadi pada perawatan pasien anak di rumah sakit. Kasus pneumonia rumah sakit dapat berakibat meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian, memperpanjang lama rawat inap serta biaya yang dikeluarkan. Tujuan: mengetahui karakteristik dan proporsi mortalitas pneumonia rumah sakit pada anak. Metode: Studi kohort retrospektif dilakukan terhadap subyek usia >1 bulan dan ≤18 tahun di RSCM selama 2015-2018 melalui telusur rekam medis. Hasil: Sebanyak 86 subyek didapatkan dengan karakteristik subyek dengan pneumonia rumah sakit terbanyak pada penelitian ini adalah usia 1-24 bulan, memiliki lebih dari satu komorbiditas status nutrisi gizi baik dan memiliki awitan lambat. Simpulan: Subyek dengan pneumonia rumah sakit terbanyak pada penelitian ini mempunyai karakteristik usia 1-24 bulan, memiliki lebih dari satu komorbiditas, status nutrisi gizi baik, memiliki lama rawat 8-14 hari, dan berawitan lambat. Proporsi mortalitas subyek dengan pneumonia rumah sakit pada penelitian ini sebesar 24,4%. Karakteristik mortalitas juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh status nutrisi yaitu gizi buruk, kelompok usia, jenis komorbiditas, lama rawat dan jenis awitan.
Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is defined as a pulmonary infection that occurs >48 hours after admission to hospital or within 10-14 days after discharge. It is the most common hospital-acquired infection in children. Its occurrence represents increase hospital stay, additional cost, morbidity and mortality. Objective: To investigate the characteristic and mortality of hospital-acquired pneumonia in children Methods: It is a retrospective cohort study involving 86 subjects through medical records, inclusive to >1 months old - ≤18 years old patients, in RSCM Jakarta within 2015-2018. Results: There are 86 subjects with characteristic of HAP in this study are age 1-24 months old, has more than one comorbidity, good nutritional status and late onset. Conclusion: General characteristic of HAP in this study are, age 1-24 months old, has more than one comorbidity, good nutritional status, length of stay 8-14 days and late onset. The mortality proportion of HAP in this study is 24.4%. The mortality characteristic was influenced by nutritional status (severe malnutrition), comorbidities, age, length of hospital stay and onset of the disease. "
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia3, 2020
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Ayu Wina Karinasari
Karakteristik dan proporsi mortalitas pasien anak dengan pneumonia rumah sakit di RSCM = The characteristics of children with hospital-acquired pneumonia in RSCM and its mortality
"Latar belakang: Pneumonia rumah sakit adalah infeksi paru yang didiagnosis setelah rawat >48 jam setelah masuk rawat dan tanpa adanya tanda infeksi paru pada saat awal perawatan atau pneumonia yang didiagnosis pada saat awal masuk perawatan dengan riwayat perawatan di rumah sakit sebelumnya dengan jarak antar rawat inap 10-14 hari. Pneumonia rumah sakit merupakan salah satu infeksi nosokomial yang sering terjadi pada perawatan pasien anak di rumah sakit. Kasus pneumonia rumah sakit dapat berakibat meningkatkan angka kesakitan dan kematian, memperpanjang lama rawat inap serta biaya yang dikeluarkan. Tujuan: mengetahui karakteristik dan proporsi mortalitas pneumonia rumah sakit pada anak. Metode: Studi kohort retrospektif dilakukan terhadap subyek usia >1 bulan dan ≤18 tahun di RSCM selama 2015-2018 melalui telusur rekam medis. Hasil: Sebanyak 86 subyek didapatkan dengan karakteristik subyek dengan pneumonia rumah sakit terbanyak pada penelitian ini adalah usia 1-24 bulan, memiliki lebih dari satu komorbiditas status nutrisi gizi baik dan memiliki awitan lambat. Simpulan: Subyek dengan pneumonia rumah sakit terbanyak pada penelitian ini mempunyai karakteristik usia 1-24 bulan, memiliki lebih dari satu komorbiditas, status nutrisi gizi baik, memiliki lama rawat 8-14 hari, dan berawitan lambat. Proporsi mortalitas subyek dengan pneumonia rumah sakit pada penelitian ini sebesar 24,4%. Karakteristik mortalitas juga dapat dipengaruhi oleh status nutrisi yaitu gizi buruk, kelompok usia, jenis komorbiditas, lama rawat dan jenis awitan.
Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is defined as a pulmonary infection that occurs >48 hours after admission to hospital or within 10-14 days after discharge. It is the most common hospital-acquired infection in children. Its occurrence represents increase hospital stay, additional cost, morbidity and mortality. Objective: To investigate the characteristic and mortality of hospital-acquired pneumonia in children Methods: It is a retrospective cohort study involving 86 subjects through medical records, inclusive to >1 months old - ≤18 years old patients, in RSCM Jakarta within 2015-2018. Results: There are 86 subjects with characteristic of HAP in this study are age 1-24 months old, has more than one comorbidity, good nutritional status and late onset. Conclusion: General characteristic of HAP in this study are, age 1-24 months old, has more than one comorbidity, good nutritional status, length of stay 8-14 days and late onset. The mortality proportion of HAP in this study is 24.4%. The mortality characteristic was influenced by nutritional status (severe malnutrition), comorbidities, age, length of hospital stay and onset of the disease."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2020
SP-pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Wella Yurisa
Disfungsi otonom kardiovaskular pada anak dengan diabetes melitus tipe-1 = Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in children with type-1 diabetes mellitus
"Disfungsi otonom kardiovaskular (DOK) merupakan komplikasi diabetes melitus tipe 1 (DMT1) yang menjadi penyebab kematian tersering pada dewasa. Gejala subklinis dapat berawal sejak remaja tetapi deteksi dini melalui pemeriksaan fungsi otonom kardiovaskular belum rutin dilakukan. Studi terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa kontrol glikemik dan lama sakit berpengaruh terhadap progresivitas DOK. Data di Indonesia mengenai masalah ini belum ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalens DOK pada pasien DMT1 anak dan menilai hubungan DOK dengan rerata lama sakit dan kadar HbA1C. Tiga puluh delapan anak berusia 10-18 tahun dengan DMT1 yang terdiagnosis lebih dari 5 tahun menjalani 3 pemeriksaan uji refleks kardiovaskular (URK) di Poliklinik Endokrinologi Anak RSCM Kiara. Disfungsi otonom kardiovaskular dengan 1 nilai abnormal URK ditemukan pada 36,8% anak. Tidak ditemukan korelasi bermakna antara DOK dengan rerata lama sakit dan kadar HbA1C. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, prevalens DOK pada remaja cukup tinggi sehingga deteksi dini sebaiknya dilakukan secara rutin. Penelitian lanjutan dengan rentang sakit yang lebih panjang dan data HbA1C serial perlu dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi peran kontrol glikemik dan lama sakit terhadap kejadian DOK.
Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction (CAD) is a type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) complication which becomes the most common cause of death in adults. Subclinical symptoms may have occurred since adolescence, yet early detection using cardiovascular autonomic function examination has not been performed routinely. Previous studies showed that glycemic control and duration of illness affected CAD progressivity. However, there is still no data regarding this issue in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of CAD in pediatric T1DM patients and the correlation between CAD and average length of illness, as well as HbA1C levels. Thirty-eight children aged 10-18 years who had been diagnosed with T1DM for more than 5 years underwent a series of three cardiovascular reflex test (CRT) at the Pediatric Endocrinology Polyclinic RSCM Kiara. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction which was defined by one abnormal CRT value was found in 36.8% children. No significant correlation was found between CAD and the average length of illness and HbA1C levels. Based on the study, CAD prevalence in adolescents is substantially high, which emphasize the need of routine early detection. Further research with a longer duration of illness and serial HbA1C data need to be carried out to evaluate the role of glycemic control and illness duration in CAD occurrence."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2020
SP-pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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