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"Penelitian mengenai pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ragi tempe terhadap kandungan inositol dan tanin biji lamtoro gung (Leucaena leucocephala) yang difermentasi telah dilakukan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ragi tempe yang terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancang acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dosis ragi tempe masing-masing 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, dan 15 %. Tiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varians. Perbedaan nyata diuji dengan uji beda nyata terkecil. Kandungan tanin dianalisis dengan metoda Lowenthal-Procter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap parameter yang diukur. Kandungan inositol tertinggi dengan tanin terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan dengan menggunakan ragi tempe dengan dosis 15 % dan waktu fermentasi 96 jam yaitu sebesar 0,2631 %. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 236-42)

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The research was done to define the effect of tempe yeast concentration on inositol and tannin contents of fermented lamtoro gung seeds (Leucaena leucocephala). This is a research with completely randomized design using four doses of tempe yeast, i.e. 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. The resulted data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the significant differences were tested by least significantly difference test. Tannin was analyzed by Lowenthal-Procter method. The result of the research showed that the treatment had significant effects (P<0.05) on the parameter measured. The highest inositol with lowest tannin contents were found by using 15 % tempe yeast and duration of fermentation 96 hours, that is 0.2631 %. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 236-42)"

"Based on the feedback resulting from his highly successful monograph, Horst Feldmann has totally rewritten he contents to produce a comprehensive, student-friendly textbook on the topic. The scope has been widened, with almost double the content so as to include all aspects of yeast biology, from genetics via cell biology right up to biotechnology applications. The cell and molecular biology sections have been vastly expanded, while information on other yeast species has been added, with contributions from additional authors. Naturally, the illustrations are in full color throughout, and the book is backed by a complimentary website. The resulting textbook caters to the needs of an increasing number of students in biomedical research, cell and molecular biology, microbiology and biotechnology who end up using yeast as an important tool or model organism."

"Pasien yang mengalami defisiensi zink diketahui mengalami penurunan kekebalan tubuh. Hal ini dikarenakan zink berperan dalam respon sel imun. Zink dapat diperoleh diantara lain dari ekstrak khamir (zink-yeast) yang diketahui banyak digunakan sebagai penyedap rasa makanan. Penyerapan dari zink-yeast diketahui lebih baik dibandingkan dengan zink sulfat bila diuji secara in-vivo. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu membuat zink-yeast dengan konsentrasi zink yang optimal, membuat ekstrak khamir yang kaya dengan nukleotida dan isolasi IMP (inosin monofosfat) serta GMP (guanosin monofosfat) dari ekstrak khamir yang berasal dari fermentasi Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Zink-yeast dibuat dengan menambahkan zink sulfat dengan variasi konsentrasi 200, 300 dan 400 μg/mL pada fase stasioner kultur fermentasi khamir dengan media YPD (yeast peptone dextrose). Selanjutnya kandungan zink pada zink-yeast dianalisis dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom dan dianalisis kandungan proteinnya dengan metode Bradford. Selain itu, dilakukan pula uji difusi in vitro menggunakan metode sel difusi Franz. Ekstrak khamir yang kaya dengan nukleotida dibuat dengan menggunakan metode hidrolisis enzim dan kemudian dianalisis kadar IMP dan GMP menggunakan metode KCKT pasangan ion dengan detektor PDA pada panjang gelombang 255 nm dengan fase gerak natrium heksan sulfonat-kalium dihidrogen fosfat (90:10) dan laju alir 0,4 ml/menit. IMP dan GMP pada ekstrak khamir lalu diisolasi dengan kromatografi kolom menggunakan fase gerak n- heksan dan etil asetat (1: 2). Hasil zink-yeast terbaik diperoleh pada penambahan 300 μg/mL zink sulfat pada khamir (perolehan atau yield p/s 20,83 %) yang mengandung 2458,30 μg/g zink dan 0,8682 mg/mL protein. Zink-yeast memiliki persen kumulatif difusi zink 39,64% sedangkan zink sulfat diperoleh nilai 2,49%. Pada penelitian ini juga diperoleh 3,2 gram ekstrak khamir yang mengandung kadar IMP 0,25% dan kadar GMP 0,26%. Hasil dari isolasi kromatografi kolom pada ekstrak khamir diperoleh fraksi GMP sejumlah 12,2 mg dan fraksi IMP sejumlah 22,8 mg dengan persen efisiensi purifikasi masing-masing yaitu 52,21% dan 11,92%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu zink-yeast yang optimal diperoleh dengan penambahan 300 μg/mL zink sulfat pada fase stasioner kultur fermentasi khamir. Difusi zink secara in vitro pada zink-yeast lebih baik bila dibandingkan zink sulfat.

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Patients who experience zinc deficiency are known to experience decreased immunity. This is because zinc plays a role in the response of immune cells. Zinc can be obtained among others from yeast extracts (zink-yeast) which are known to be widely used as a flavoring of food. Absorption from zinc-yeast is known to be better than zinc sulfate when tested in vivo. The purpose of this research was to create zinc-yeast with optimal zinc concentration, to make yeast extract enriched with nucleotides, also isolate IMP (inosine monophosphate) and GMP (guanosine monophosphate) from yeast extract derived from the fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Zinc-yeast is made by adding zinc sulfate with various concentrations of 200, 300, and 400 μg/mL to the stationary phase of yeast fermentation culture with YPD (yeast peptone dextrose) media. Furthermore, the zinc content in zinc-yeast was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and protein content was analyzed by the Bradford method. In addition, in vitro diffusion study was conducted using the Franz diffusion cell method. Yeast extract enriched nucleotide is made using enzyme hydrolysis method and then analyzed for the content of IMP and GMP using the ion pair HPLC method with PDA detector at a wavelength of 255 nm with sodium hexane sulfonate-potassium dihydrogen phosphate (90:10) as mobile phase and flow rate. 0.4 ml/min. IMP and GMP in yeast extract were isolated by column chromatography using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as mobile phase (1: 2). The optimum zinc-yeast results were obtained by adding 300 g/mL zinc sulfate to yeast (yield p/s 20.83%) that contained 2458.30 μg/g zinc and 0.8682 mg/mL protein. Zinc-yeast has a cumulative percent of zinc diffusion of 39.64% while zinc sulfate has a value of 2.49%. This study also obtained 3.2 g of yeast extract containing 0.25% IMP and 0.26% GMP. The results of the isolation of column chromatography on yeast extracts obtained a GMP fraction of 12.2 mg and an IMP fraction of 22.8 mg with the percent purification efficiency is 52.21% and 11.92%, respectively. This study concludes that the optimal zinc-yeast was obtained by adding 300 μg/mL of zinc sulfate in the stationary phase of yeast fermentation culture. In vitro zinc diffusion in zinc-yeast is better than zinc sulfate."

"yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase is a multisubunit complex composed of at least 17 diffrent subunit...."

"Chryseabacterium indolognes ID6004 has ability to produce protease.Its growth and activiyi of proteolytic enzyme are influenced by carbon source (sugar) and notrogen source (Yeats extract0 which presumably to be repressor

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"Plants cells response to environmental simuli by increasing intracellular calcium ion (Ca2,concebtration....."

"This research is aimed for knowing the influence of temperature, pH, and their interaction on the amount and quality of oils formed in fermentative extraction of coconut oil using bakers, yeast the treatment examined temperature divided into four treatments, pH divided into two treatments, and three repetitions. All treatment in this research met SII. The research result show that: (1) Treatment of temperatures give different effects on the amount of oils, temperatures of 35 C and 30 C produced the highest amount of oil, give different ffects on water content, temperatures of 30 C and 35 C resulted in the lowest amount of water content, gave different effect on iodine number, and on lathering number, temperature of 35 C resulted in the lowest number, did not give different effects on the level of free-fast acid. (2) Treatment of pH did not give different effect on the amount of oil, on water content but give different effect on iodine number, on lathering number, pH of 4 was lower the pH of 4.5. (3) Interaction of treatments of temperatures and pHs give different effect on the amount of oil, temperatures of 35 C with pH of 4 and temperatures of 30 C with pH 4 produced highest amount of oil, give different effect on water content, temperature of 30 C with the pH of 4.5 resulted in the lowest amount of water content, the temperature of 25 C with pH 4.5 produced high water content (0.55%), temperature 30 C with pH 4.5 resulted in the lowest peroxide number. It gives diffent effect on the content of free fats acid, produced oil white bright colour, good taste and smell and it was not immediately rancid"

"Dengue dan berbagai manifestasi klinisnya telah menjadi masalahkesehatan masyarakat internasional yang utama. Penyakit ini mempengaruhi2,5 hingga 3 milyar penduduk dunia terutama di daerah tropis, termasukIndonesia. Salah satu permasalahan utama dalam penanganan denguesecara dini di Indonesia adalah mahalnya alat diagnostik dengue karenaketidakmampuan memproduksi secara lokal. Tujuan ja ngka p anjangpenelitian ini adalah memproduksi protein rekombinan untuk alat diagnostikdengue dengan menggunakan yeast sebagai sistem ekspresi. Sebagaipenelitian awal, dilakukan subkloning gen pengkode protein E dengue padayeast shuttle vector pYES2/CT dengan teknik ligasi in vitro. Vektor plasmidpYES2/CT dan fragmen gen E hasil amplifikasi Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) didigesti menggunakan enzim BamH I dan Not I. Proses ligasimenggunakan enzim T4 DNA ligase diharapkan menghasilkan kondisi ligasiyang directional. Transformasi dari hasil ligasi ke dalam inang Escherichiacoli DH5Į menghasilkan 24 koloni mengandung kandidat p lasmidrekombinan. Dua koloni telah diverifikasi dengan enzim restriksi, analisiselektroforesis gel, dan amplifikasi PCR. Hasil verifikasi menyimpulkan bahwasatu dari dua plasmid rekombinan yang dihasilkan mengandung gen E."