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"Rice farmers in Sidamukti, West Java plant several varieties of rice, sometimes planting twoor three varieties together in one plot of land. The decision to plant a specific variety is strongly influenced by farmers' agricultural knowledge, such as knowledge of varieties of rice, periods of maturation, tastes, characteristic of specific varieties, as well as knowledge of environmental conditions, including soil conditions, the need of fertilizer and seasonal changes. The author suggest that this knowledge, as a basis for decision making is at a pre-attentive stage that has become patterned, and its nearly or perhaps entirely out of conscious consideration. In fact, external situational factors operating at the start of planting play a dominant role in the decision to plant a specific variety of rice. A multitude of factors - such as pressure from village authorities to plant certain varieties in keeping with development programs; to supply of grain, fertilizers and water for irrigation; the desire to experiment, and the demands of landowners - often become significant determinants. The author arrives at the conclusion that studies of decision making processes that view knowledge systems as recipes or patterns for behavior must be supplemented by close observation and understanding the context and situation in which behavior is generated."

"ABSTRACTDalam era globalisasi informasi yang akurat mengenai jumlah panen sangat penting dalam mengantisipasi kebutuhan pangan yang meningkat yaitu dengan menggunakan teknologi penginderaan jauh. Penggunaan Citra Sentinel-2A yang memiliki resolusi spasial 10 meter dapat diterapkan untuk mengetahui umur padi dari awal tanam hingga akhir panen serta mengestimasi produktivitas padi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola sebaran varietas padi dan menganalisis perbandingan hasil estimasi produktivitas padi di Kecamatan Compreng Kabupaten Subang dan Kecamatan Tarogong Kaler Kabupaten Garut dengan Citra Sentinel-2A disertai metode algoritma NDVI. Berdasarkan hasil survei lapangan dan pengolahan data, diketahui pola sebaran varietas padi di Kecamatan Compreng adalah clustered dan di Kecamatan Tarogong Kaler adalah random. Kecamatan Compreng Kabupaten Subang memiliki produktivitas padi lebih kecil dibandingkan Kecamatan Tarogong Kaler Kabupaten Garut, baik dari hasil estimasi maupun hasil UPT kecamatan setempat. 

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ABSTRACTIn the era of globalization, accurate information about the number of productivity is very important in anticipating increasing food needs, using remote sensing technology. The use of Sentinel-2A Imagery which has a spatial resolution of 10 meters can help  determine the lifespan of rice paddies starting from the beginning of planting to the end of the harvest and also help estimate the productivity of rice paddies. This study aims to analyze the distribution/spatial pattern of rice varieties and comparisons between estimated rice productivity in the Compreng Subdistrict, Subang Regency and Tarogong Kaler Subdistrict, Garut Regency using Sentinel-2A Imagery along with NDVI algorithms. Based on the results of field surveys and data processing, it is known that spatial patterns of rice varieties in Compreng Subdistrict are clustered and in Tarogong Kaler Subdistrict are random. Compreng Subdistrict, Subang Regency has smaller rice productivity than Tarogong Kaler Subdistrict, Garut Regency, both from the estimation results and the results of the UPT in subdistrict. "

"Kekeringan adalah salah satu faktor stres abiotik yang mengurangi produktivitas padi di Indonesia. OsDREB2A adalah anggota subfamili DREB dari faktor transkripsi AP2/ERF dan berperan dalam mengatasi stres kekeringan dengan langsung mengikat elemen DRE untuk mengatur ekspresi gen di hilir. Namun, penelitian lebih lanjut masih diperlukan untuk mengamati setiap gen OsDREB2A pada varietas padi lokal Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi gen OsDREB2A pada beberapa varietas padi lokal Indonesia, yaitu dari Jawa (Ciherang, Situ Bagendid, Way Apo), Kalimantan (Beras Hitam), Aceh (Sigupai). DNA diisolasi dari daun masing-masing varietas, diamplifikasi menggunakan PCR, kemudian dielektroforesis dan disekuensing. Data sekuensing dianalisis menggunakan DNA Baser, BioEdit dan kemudian divisualisasikan menggunakan server SWISS-MODEL, Database Proyek Anotasi Genom Padi, dan alat peta kromosom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima sampel memiliki cakupan query 100% dengan sekuens kultivar OsDREB2A Pokkali (KU159743.1), persentase identitas yang mirip 99,86% dibandingkan dengan kultivar R180 dan 99,62% dibandingkan dengan kultivar Nona Bokra. Perbedaan dalam struktur asam amino sembilan sampel dibandingkan dengan kultivar pembanding terletak pada panjang struktur ekor. Struktur asam amino masing-masing kultivar mengacu pada kromosom 1 pada lokus LOC_Os01g07120.

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Drought is one of the abiotic stress factors that reduces rice productivity in Indonesia. OsDREB2A is a member of the DREB subfamily of AP2/ERF transcription factors and participates in drought stress by directly binding to DRE elements to regulate downstream gene expression. However, further research is still needed to observe each OsDREB2A gene in local Indonesian rice varieties. This research aims to explore the OsDREB2A gene in several local Indonesian rice varieties, namely from Java (Ciherang, Situ Bagendid, Way Apo), Kalimantan (Black Rice), Aceh (Sigupai). DNA was isolated from the leaves of each variety, amplified using PCR, and then electrophoresed and sequenced. Sequencing data were analyzed using DNA Baser, BioEdit and then visualized using the SWISS-MODEL server, Rice Genome Annotation Project Database, and chromosome map tools. The results showed that five samples had 100% query cover with the Pokkali OsDREB2A (KU159743.1) cultivar sequence, 99.86% similar percent identity compared to cultivar R180 and 99.62% similar percent identity compared to cultivar Nona Bokra. The difference in the amino acid structure of the nine samples compared to comparison cultivars lies in the length of the tail structure. The amino acid structure of each cultivar refers to chromosome 1 at the LOC_Os01g07120 locus."

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Tanaman Padi merupakan salah satu tanaman pertanian utama di dunia. Mayoritas sekitar 98% penduduk Indonesia juga mengkonsumsi beras sebagai makanan pokoknya. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pemantauan pertumbuhan tanaman padi secara efektif untuk mengontrol ketahanan pangan nasional. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis karakteristik dan pola spasial fase tumbuh serta varietas padi secara spasial temporal di Kecamatan Ciasem, Kabupaten Subang. Data citra radar Sentinel-1A digunakan berdasarkan nilai backscatter polarisasi VH pada periode tanam 2018-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik fase tumbuh padi menghasilkan tren nilai backscatter yang meningkat pada fase vegetatif hingga fase pematangan. Pada periode tanam I nilai rata-rata backscatter lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan periode tanam II karena terjadi anomali pengairan dan kekeringan berkepanjangan. Karakteristik varietas PB 42 memiliki variasi nilai rata-rata backscatter yang paling tinggi dan beragam dibandingkan varietas lain. Sementara itu, pola spasial fase tumbuh padi periode tanam I dimulai dari arah utara dan periode tanam II dimulai dari arah selatan. Pola spasial varietas padi periode tanam I dan II termasuk kedalam kategori random (uji z NNA = 0,68) dengan dominasi varietas Inpari 42, Ciherang, dan Mekongga. Sedangkan varietas Inpari 33 dan PB 42 hanya tersebar di beberapa bagian wilayah Kecamatan Ciasem. 

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Rice plants are one of the main agricultural crops in the world. The majority of about 98% of Indonesia's population also consume rice as their staple food. Therefore, it is necessary to observe the growth of rice plants effectively to control national food tenacity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial characteristics and patterns of growth phases and rice varieties in a spatially temporal in Ciasem District, Subang Regency. Sentinel-1A radar image data is used based on the VH polarization backscatter value in the 2018-2019 planting period. The results showed that the characteristics of the rice growing phase resulted in an increasing backscatter value trend in the vegetative phase to the maturation phase. In 1st period of planting the backscatter average value was higher than in the 2nd period due to irrigation anomalies and prolonged drought. The characteristics of PB 42’s variety have the highest and most average variation in the mean backscatter compared to other varieties. Meanwhile, the spatial pattern of the rice growth phase for 1st period of planting started from the north and 2nd period started from the south. The spatial patterns of rice varieties in the first and second planting periods were categorized as random (test z NNA = 0.68) with the dominance of Inpari 42, Ciherang, and Mekongga varieties. Meanwhile, the Inpari 33 and PB 42 varieties were only scattered in several parts of the Ciasem District.

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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk Memberikan gambaran tentang ketahanan masyarakat dalam merawat pengetahuan tentang Tradisi dan Ritual Berladang serta pengetahuan tentang varietas padi lokal di Desa Tumbang Habangoi, Kecamatan Petak malai, Kabupaten Katingan tengah.Berangkat dari pandangan Berkes tentang Pengetahuan tradisional dan ketahanan dari segala bentuk perubahan sosial yang ada. Masyarakat Habangoi sudah membuktikan tentang ketahanan mereka dalam mempertahankan tradisi dan ritual berladang mereka, yang menghasilkan pengetahuan tentang banyak sekali varietas padi lokal.Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah, hingga saat ini para peladang masih melakukan ritual berladang dengan ritual dan tradisi yang lengkap. Padi yang masih diingat dan ditanam oleh para peladang sejumlah 64 paroy dan 16 pulut. Hal in menunjukkan bagaimana para peladang tetap berusaha menjalankan tradisinya meski berbagai perubahan sosial menggempur mereka. Agama/kepercayaan tradisional masyarakat menjadi kunci penting untuk ketahanan tradisi dan ritual berladang. Usaha maksimal tetap di lakukan, namun harapan agar pihak lain bisa membantu melestarikan pengetahuan masih diharapkan oleh para peladang.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to provide a description of the knowledge about the swidden Tradition and knowledge of local rice varieties in Tumbang Habangoi Village, Petak malai Subdistrict, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan.Departing from Berkes's view of traditional Knowledge and the resilience of all forms of social change. The Habangois have proved their resilience in maintaining their farming traditions and rituals, which resulted in the knowledge of many local rice varieties.The results of this study are, until now the cultivators are still doing farming process with complete rituals and traditions. Rice that is still remembered and planted by the cultivators of 64 paroy and 16 pulut. This shows how the cultivators continue to work on their traditions despite the various social changes that have struck them. The traditional religion / beliefs of society have become an important key to the survival of tradition and ritual farming. The maximum effort remains to be done, but the hope that others can help preserve knowledge is still expected by the cultivators."