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"The term "Inflammatory Bowel Disease" (IBD) is frequently used to denote two diseases, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). This condition is frequently recorded in the West, and along with development of diagnostic facilities, is beginning to be more commonly found in Indonesia.The etiology of this disease is still unclear, but it is suspected that environmental, geographic, and genetic factors are involved. Cytokines play a great role in the pathogenesis of IBD, where in IBD there is an unbalance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibitor cytokines. In IBD, there is an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and alpha TNF in the intestinal mucosa. Such increase significantly correlates with the activity of ulcerative colitis through endoscopic examination,At this moment, forms of therapy for IBD associated with cytokines are being developed, such as ways to inhibit cytokine synthesis, cytokine release, cytokine activity and the cytokine signaling pathway in the target cell."

"Peptic ulcer is a clearly marginated ulceration in mucosal membran that can penetrate until muscularis layer and resulted from imbalance between aggressive factor (gastric acid and pepsin) and defensive factor (gastric mucous, bicarbonate and prostaglandin, mucosal blood flow, and cell replacement). Factors that can act as aggressive factor include H. pylori, NSAID, and smoking. Duodenal ulcer is frequently associated with H. pylori, in which Helicobacter pylori is found in 95 - 100% of duodenal ulcer patients..It was reported, a 39 years old female patient with cirrhosis hepatis who suffered from melena in which endoscopic examination revealed duodenal ulcer as a source of bleeding.The re was no H. pylori, based on serologic examination (IgG antiHP) and culture. The ulcer is suspected caused by NSAID based on history of using traditional medicine that may contain NSAID. Treatment with proton pump inhibitor and sucralfate can heal the ulcer after two week treatment."

"Latar belakang: panduan tatalaksana untuk kolitis ulseratif (KU) belum tersedia. Saat ini, mesalazine, kortikosteroid, dan imunomodulator merupakan pilihan terapi untuk KU. Namun, obat-obatan tersebut memiliki efek samping yang tidak menyenangkan, misalnya mual, muntah, sakit kepala, hepatitis, dan infertilitas pria. Curcumin terdapat dalam tanaman Kunyit (Curcuma longa L.) yang memiliki aktivitas anti inflamasi dan antioksidan."

"Latar Belakang: IBD adalah penyakit gastrointestinal inflamasi kronis yang ditandai dengan sistem kekebalan yang melemah. Ini dibagi menjadi dua jenis utama: penyakit Crohn dan colitis ulserativa. Indonesia memiliki 0,55 per 100,00 UC, 0,33 per 100.000 CD, dan 0,88 per 100.000 pasien IBD. IBD adalah faktor risiko utama kanker kolorektal. Etiologi IBD adalah kombinasi rumit dari genetik, respon imunologi, dan komponen mikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah TNF-α yang diekspresikan setelah pemberian Lunasin. Metode: Sebanyak 26 ekor mencit webster jantan secara acak dimasukkan ke dalam empat kelompok. Terdiri dari normal, dan dalam tiga kelompok yang diinduksi dengan dekstran natrium sulfat (DSS). Subjek pada kelompok kontrol negatif tidak diberikan Lunasin, sedangkan dosis rendah dan dosis tinggi diberikan Lunasin (masing-masing 12,5 mg/kgBB dan 25 mg/kgBB) selama empat minggu. Pewarnaan imunohistokimia akan digunakan untuk kolon dan akan dilakukan pewarnaan counter dengan pewarnaan Hematoxylin dan eosin (H&E). Bercak kuning kecoklatan akan diperiksa dengan mikroskop dan software “Indomicroview”. Hasilnya akan dianalisis dengan plugin ImageJ “IHC profiler”. Hasil: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ekspresi tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-± menurun setelah pemberian Lunasin dengan dosis 12,5 mg/kgBB dan 25 mg/kgBB. Namun 12,5 mg/kgBB dalam penelitian ini lebih signifikan dibandingkan dengan 25 mg/kgBB. Kesimpulan: Studi menunjukkan bahwa, Lunasin dapat menurunkan ekspresi TNF-a pada mencit yang telah dirangsang oleh dekstran natrium sulfat setelah 4 minggu pemberian dosis. Pengujian lebih lanjut dari ekspresi TNF-α dengan cara yang berbeda. Misalnya, tingkat serum TNF-±.

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Introduction: IBD is a chronic, inflammatory gastrointestinal disease characterised by a weakened immune system. It is split into two primary types: Chron's disease and ulcerative colitis. Indonesia has 0.55 per 100.00 UC, 0.33 per 100.000 CD, and 0.88 per 100.000 IBD patients. IBD is a major colorectal cancer risk factor. IBD's aetiology is a complicated combination of genetic, immunological response, and microbial components. This study aims to investigate the amount of TNF-± expressed after the administration of Lunasin. Method: A total of 26 male webster mice were randomly put into four groups. The consist of normal, and in three group that is induced with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). The subject in the negative control group were not given Lunasin, while the low dose and high dose are given lunasin (12,5 mg/kgBW and 25 mg/kgBW respectively) for four weeks. Immunohistochemical stained will be used for the colon and will be counter stained with Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Yellow-brown spot will be investigated with microscope and “Indomicroview” software. The result will be analyzed with ImageJ plugin “IHC profiler”.Results: This study found that the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-± decreased after the administration of Lunasin with 12.5 mg/kgBW and 25 mg/kgBW. However, 12.5 mg/kgBW (p = 0.022) in this research is more effective in suppressing the TNF-α expression compared to 25 mg/kgBW(p = 0.206), in Tukey Post-Hoc Test. Conclusion: In conclusion, Lunasin can lower the expression of TNF-a in mice that has been stimulated by dextran sodium sulphate after 4 weeks of dosing. Further testing of TNF-α expression in a different way. For instance, serum TNF-± level."

"Latar belakang: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) adalah penyakit inflamasi kronik pada saluran cerna yang terdiri atas kolitis ulseratif (KU) dan penyakit Crohn (PC). Angka kejadian IBD meningkat di dunia dengan karakteristik yang berbeda-beda di setiap negara. IL-17 merupakan sitokin pro-inflamasi kuat yang berperan pada IBD. Belum ada penelitian yang menilai kadar interleukin 17 (IL-17) serum pada pasien IBD di Indonesia yang dapat berperan pada patogenesis penyakit dan menjadi pilihan terapi baru pada IBD. Tujuan: Mengetahui kadar IL-17 serum pada penderita kolitis ulseratif (KU), penyakit Crohn (PC), dan populasi normal. Metode: Desain penelitian cross-sectional dilakukan di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo selama periode April 2022 sampai April 2023. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien dewasa yang terdiagnosis IBD serta pasien sehat yang tidak memiliki keluhan gastrointestinal, riwayat penyakit autoimun, dan keganasan. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara konsekutif. Kadar IL-17 serum diukur dengan metode pemeriksaan ELISA. Uji statistik Mann-Whitney dan regresi linier dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS. Hasil: Jumlah subjek penelitian ini adalah 125 orang, terdiri atas 93 pasien IBD dan 32 kelompok normal. Kadar IL-17 serum adalah 4,13 (3,19-5,14); 4,30 (3,59-5,14); dan 3,40 (2,97-4,01) pg/mL untuk kelompok KU, PC, dan kelompok normal dengan perbedaan signifikan (p=0,004). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok KU dan PC. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan aktivitas penyakit (p=0,010) bermakna memengaruhi kadar IL-17 seurm pada KU. Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan kadar IL-17 serum secara signifikan antara kelompok IBD dan kelompok normal, namun tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok KU dan PC.

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Background: The incidence of IBD is increasing worldwide, with different characteristics in each country. IL-17 is a strong pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in IBD. No studies have assessed serum interleukin 17 (IL-17) levels in IBD patients in Indonesia, which can determine the pathogenesis and play a role in proposed therapeutic modalities for IBD. Aim: To determine the difference in serum IL-17 levels in patients with IBD. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital from April 2022 to April 2023. The inclusion criteria were adult patients diagnosed with IBD and a healthy population who did not have gastrointestinal complaints or a history of autoimmune diseases and malignancies. Data collection was carried out sequentially. Serum IL-17 levels were assessed using ELISA. Mann-Whitney tests and linear regression were carried out using the SPSS application. Result: The total number of subjects in this study was 125, consisting of 93 IBD patients and 32 healthy groups. Serum IL-17 levels were 4.13 (3.19-5.14), 4.30 (3.59-5.14), and 3.40 (2.97- 4.01) pg/mL for the UC, CD, and healthy groups (p=0.004). There was no difference of serum IL-17 levels between UC and CD. Multivariate analysis showed that disease activity (p=0.010) influenced serum IL-17 levels in UC. Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the median value of serum IL-17 levels between IBD and healthy groups, but no difference between UC and CD."