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"The location of Cilongok subdistrict, which is under Banyumas Regency, is quite far from the area of the spread of Sunda ethnic group. However, in Cilongok subdistrict there are names of villages that originated fromSundanese name, such as Cikidang, Cilongok, and Cipete. “Ci”, which means water or river, is a Sundanese generic name that becomes the characteristic of toponym. In addition, there are facts that indicate there were ethnic migrations. In a number of areasin West Java there are places that have the same names with that of in Banten. The purpose of this research is to describe characteristics of village toponyms in Sub Cilongok and to find out the factors that influence the characteristics. Using spatial approach, this qualitative research studied 20 villages located in Cilongok sub-district. The data were collected from library research, observations, interviews, and related documents.The data were examined using spatial pattern analysis. The results of this study indicate that the village toponyms in Cilongok sub-district were influenced by physico-natural, physico-artificial, and non physico-artificial phenomena. The village toponyms in Cilongok sub-district is the result of assimilation of Sundanese and Javanese cultures."

"Nama geografi memainkan peran penting dalam menghubungkan nilai-nilai warisan budaya takbenda dengan identitas dan karakteristik suatu kota. Selain itu, potensi pusaka yang terkandung dalam nama geografi turut memperkuat identitas Kota Bogor sebagai kota pusaka. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik dan tipologi nama geografi, mensintesa perubahan nama geografi dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut, serta merumuskan pola spasial temporal nama geografi di Kawasan Pusaka Budaya Kota Bogor. Nama geografi beserta informasi penunjangnya diperoleh dari berbagai sumber seperti, artikel, dokumen resmi, arsip sejarah, kamus, peta Bogor multitemporal tahun 1880 hingga 2023. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan wawancara dan observasi lapangan. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan etimologi, sejarah, dan spasial untuk mengungkap makna nama geografi, jenis dan alasan perubahan nama geografi, serta distribusi temporalnya. Hasil klasifikasi dan tipologi menunjukkan bahwa nama geografi historis didominasi oleh nama geografi descriptive dan copied, sementara nama geografi kini didominasi oleh nama geografi descriptive dan eponymous. Nama geografi descriptive umumnya terdapat pada objek bangunan pemerintahan, fasilitas penelitian, dan fasilitas pendidikan yang terkonsentrasi di Kawasan Permukiman Eropa dan Kawasan Perluasan Barat, yang merupakan kawasan dekat pusat pemerintahan. Nama geografi copied dan eponymous sebagian besar ditemui pada objek jalan di hampir seluruh Kawasan Pusaka Budaya Kota Bogor. Faktor politik, perubahan fungsi, dan perubahan status muncul sebagai merupakan alasan utama perubahan nama geografi di seluruh Kawasan Pusaka Budaya Kota Bogor. Perubahan nama geografi yang dilatarbelakangi faktor politik lebih banyak diterapkan hodonim (nama jalan), menunjukkan bahwa jalan memiliki peran signifikan dalam mencerminkan kekuatan politik dan menyampaikan pesan penghargaan. Jenis perubahan nama dan perubahan terikat merupakan yang dominan di Kawasan Permukiman Eropa dan Kawasan Perluasan Barat. Pola sebaran nama geografi di Kawasan Pusaka Budaya Kota Bogor untuk hodonim memiliki pola acak, sementara oikodonim (nama bangunan) memiliki pola acak pada masa kolonial 1 hingga kolonal 2, dan berubah menjadi pola mengelompok mulai masa kolonial 3 hingga kini.

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The geographical names play a crucial role in connecting the values of intangible cultural heritage with the identity and characteristics of a city. Moreover, the potential heritage embedded in geographical names also reinforces the identity of Bogor City as a heritage city. This research aims to analyze the characteristics and typology of geographical names, synthesize changes in geographical names and their influencing factors, and formulate the spatial-temporal patterns of geographical names in the Cultural Heritage Area of Bogor City. Geographical names and their supporting information were obtained from various sources, such as articles, official documents, historical archives, dictionaries, and Bogor multitemporal maps, from 1880 to 2023. The research also incorporated interviews and field observations. Data analysis utilized etymological, historical, and spatial approaches to reveal the meanings of geographical names, the types and reasons for changes in geographical names, and their temporal distribution. The results of classification and typology indicate that historical geographical names are predominantly descriptive and copied, while contemporary geographical names are mostly descriptive and eponymous. Descriptive geographical names are commonly associated with government buildings, research facilities, and educational facilities concentrated in the European Settlement Area and the West Expansion Area, which are near the center of government. Copied and eponymous geographical names are predominantly found on street objects throughout the Cultural Heritage Area of Bogor City. Political factors, functional changes, and status changes emerge as the main reasons for geographical name changes throughout the Cultural Heritage Area of Bogor City. Changes in geographical names influenced by political factors are frequently implemented in hodonyms (street names), underscoring the significant role of streets in reflecting political power and conveying messages of appreciation. Types of name changes and bound changes are dominant in the European Settlement Area and the West Expansion Area. The distribution pattern of geographical names in the Cultural Heritage Area of Bogor City for hodonyms follows a random pattern, while oikonyms (building names) follow a random pattern from period colonial 1 to colonial 2 and transition to a clustered pattern from period colonial 3 to the present."