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"DETERMINATION OF MATERIAL AND ITS THICKNESS FOR Cs - 137 GAMMA SOURCE SHEILDING. Its has been determined the sheilding material and its thickness necessarily conducted due to every material will have different half - thickness characteristics, and by the selection a suitable material and its thickness will be obtained...."

"Electrically plating or electroplating is one method used to beautify looks fine and also to improve the mechanical properties of the metal.The teksperiment is performed by preparing specimens have been measured with different variations in time for electroplating with a current of 10 amperes at 12 Volts. The results show that the corrosion test specimen electroplating results with the arrest ofO 1889847379 mpy 40 minutes, 30 minutes ofO. 1771731918mpy, 20 minutes by 0.1417385534 mpy, and without coating 0.93298832 mpy. Judging from the results on each specimen corrossion the safest coating coalings with detention is 20 minutes and is the fastest corroded specimens without coating. Hardware test results from each specimen tested showed rising violence in the area coated by electroplating. The test results showed a thick layer on the detention of 40 minutes is the result of sed,memory layers thicker than the initial 30 minutes and 20 minutes."

"Telah dilakukan pengukuran Dose area Product dan Dose Area Product Rate menggunakan Dose Area Product Meter (DAP meter), Entrance Surface Dose menggunakan Thermoluminiscense (TLD) pada pemeriksaan fluoroskopi dengan obyek phantom akrilik 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm dan 25 cm serta phantom rando dengan fokus pada paru-paru. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan variasi waktu paparan 20 detik, 40 detik, 60 detik, 80 detik, 100 detik dan 120 detik. Untuk phantom akrilik 20 cm dan 25 cm ditambahkan variasi waktu 240 detik. Nilai DAP/mAs yang didapat adalah 0.70, 1.0, 1.4, 1.9 dan 0.83 µGym2/mAs masing-masing untuk phantom akrilik 10, 15 ,20, 25 cm dan phantom rando. Nilai ESD/mAs adalah (32.4±2.2), (35.7±1.5), (85.7±2.3), dan (143.5±10.6) dan (67.4±6.6) µGy /mAs untuk phantom akrilik 10, 15, 20, 25 dan phantom rando. Rasio antara ESD/mAs dengan DAP/mAs adalah (46.2 ± 3.1), (35.2 ± 1.3), (61.0 ± 2.9), 75.6(±5.4), dan (81.0 ± 8.0) untuk phantom akrilik 10, 15 ,20, 25 cm dan phantom rando .Nilai entrance surface dose dan nilai dose area product cenderung mempunyai hubungan yang kuat karena adanya linearitas pada relasi keduanya di setiap variasi ketebalan phantom akrilik dan phantom rando. Nilai entrance surface dose akan meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan nilai dose area product, tapi dari hubungan diantara keduanya tidak dapat dicari nilai yang pasti, sehingga nilai dose area product hanya dapat dipakai untuk memperkirakan dosis entrance surface dan untuk memonitor eksposure terhadap pasien.

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Dose area Product and Dose Area Product Rate have been determined by Dose Area Product Meter (DAP meter), Entrance Surface Dose by Thermoluminiscent dosimeter (TLD) in the fluoroscopy examination of an acrylic phantom 10cm, 15 cm, 20 cm dan 25 cm and rando phantom at lung. Measurement is done by using exposure time variation within 20 ,40, 60 , 80 , 100 and 120 seconds .For acrylic phantom 20 cm and 25 cm in added time variation 240 seconds. The average values of DAP/mAs were 0.70, 1.0, 1.4 and 1.9 µGy-m2/mAs for phantom thickness of 10, 15, 20, and 25 cm, and about 0.83 - 0.84 µGy-m2/mAs for rando phantom. The average values of ESD/mAs were (32.4±2.2), (35.7±1.5), (85.7±2.3), and (143.5±10.6) and (67.4±6.6) µGy /mAs for phantom thickness 10, 15, 20, 25 and rando phantom. The ratio of ESD/mAs to DAP/mAs varied with phantom thickness were (46.2 ± 3.1)/ m2, (35.2 ± 1.3)/ m2, (61.0 ± 2.9)/ m2, 75.6(±5.4) for phantom thickness of 10 , 15, 20 and 25 cm respectively, and (81.0 ± 8.0)/ m2 for rando phantom. The values of entrance surface dose and dose area product have good correlation cause the DAP values correlate linearly with ESD for every phantom thickness and for rando phantom as well. The increase of entrance surface dose values based on the increase of dose area product values, but the relation from both of it can not find the absolute values, so that dose area product is used to estimate entrance surface dose and to monitor the patient exposure."

"Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) can cause gastropathy and gastric mucosa, especially the mucous may play an important prevention role. This cross-sectional, single group study was conducted to evaluated the difference of mucous thickness in antrum or corpus mucosa and the correlation of gastric mucous thickness to gastropathy. Patients who received NSAID from the rheumatology clinic were studied. Healthy subjects of 14 - 65 years old who never received NSAID were included as normal controls. Piroxicam 20 mg daily was given to the patients for 7 days, then gastroscopy and gastric mucosa biopsy with frozen section were performed. Specimens were stained with haematoxyline eosin and thickness of the mucous layer was measured using ocular micrometer. Thirty-two out of 70 patients participated in the study. All cases had hyperemia on gastroscopy with erosions and ulcer in 32 and 9 cases, respectively. The mean thickness of mucosa in distal antrum, proximal antrum and corpus was 28.5 ± 9, 37.4 ± 13.1 and 43.3 ± 13.1 microns, respectively. There was significant relationship between gastric mucosa mucous thickness with gastroscopic findings. In conclusion, this study confirmed that thickness of gastric mucosa mucous has an important role in preventing NSAID gastropathy and dyspeptic complaints in this kind of patients does not suggest abnormalities of gastric mucosa."

"The aim this resistivity logging measurement is to decide the stratification of rock and distribution of aquifer based on the resistivity value. The objective of the well logging is to determine the depth and thickness of aquifer for well construction, in order to decide the position of screen in the aquifers..."

"ABSTRAKStudy of seismic microzonation for a city scale is a part the comprehensive study of seismic risk assessment that consist of analysis of seismic hazard and vulnerability of building structures. This study will be focused on identifying local site effect resulting by microtremor method using from H/V spectral ratio that was proposed by Nakamura (1989). microtremor data acquisition were conducted at 42 sites that covered the study area with interval 1-2 km. The geological background of Bandung shows that this area is located in the ancient lake basin that consist of quarter sediment which is the thickness increases toward the South. According to the result of microtremors analysis at entire observation sites, the natural periods of ground surface show generally longer toward the south (0.5-0.75 sec) while in Northern part is about 01-03 s. it was strongly correspond to the thickness and hardness of sediment. the implication of this feature, the Southern part of Bandung that has longest period of ground will give high amplification during earthquake and certainly may have severe effect on long period of structure in that location. "

"Pada skripsi ini didesain sebuah motor untuk pompa air model ”X” (pompa air Panasonic model GP-125JB-P), yang memiliki power output 125 W dengan tegangan kerja 220 V, 50 Hz. Desain dengan 2 tipe yaitu stator 40 mm dan 36 mm yang diuji terhadap spesifikasi model tersebut, dengan melihat karakteristik electric dan performance testnya dengan melalui proses dan perlakuan uji yang sama.Hasil pengujian dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa dengan mengurangi tebal stator akan mengakibatkan kenaikan nilai rata-rata arus input, tetapi nilai rata-rata daya input tetap masih dalam spesifikasi. Disamping itu hasil temperature lilitan stator akan lebih tinggi dari desain lama, karena kerapatan arusnya lebih tinggi dan resistansinya lebih tinggi. Meskipun nilai-nilai tersebut lebih tinggi dari sebelumnya, itu tidak melewati standar spesifikasi yang telah ditetapkan baik dari segi electric dan performance testnya.Proses desain dan analisa dilakukan di workshop engineering dan quality control Departemen Pompa Air PT. Panasonic Manufacturing Indonesia. Dengan terlebih dahulu proses desain oleh engineering, kemudian proses pembuatan stator di lini produksi stator dan proses pengujian oleh engineering. Perubahan tebal core tersebut dianalisa karakteristiknya untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruhnya terhadap spesifikasi pompa air model tersebut, sehingga dapat ditentukan spesifikasinya apabila ada perubahan.Hasil pengujian dan analisa menunjukkan bahwa perubahan tebal core stator tidak berpengaruh terhadap spesifikasi yang telah ditetapkan. Sehingga hal tersebut dapat digunakan karena selain spesifikasi terpenuhi, dari segi aspek ekonomis biayanya lebih murah. Otomatis dengan biaya produksi model tersebut lebih murah bila di bandingkan sebelumnya.

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On this final project, will be design a single phase induction motor”X”. (Water Pump Panasonic for model GP-125 JB), which power output is 125 Watt and voltage 220 V, 50 Hz. The Design will divided into 2 types, there are motor with thickness of core is 40 mm and core 36 mm. which test use specification for each model, to see electric characteristic and test performance with process and same test.The result of test and data analysis showed that by reduced thickness of core would increase average of current input, but power consume average input still same with specification. Beside that, temperature of winding stator will be high and the resistance will be increase than current design. Although the result still high than current, but it still on specification, not decrease the quality from aspect electrical characteristic and performance test.The design and analysis will be doing by engineering and quality control. Then, manufacture motor at line stator monitor by engineering team and the test at engineering workshop. The changing of thickness core of motor induction analyzed the characteristic, to see the different and effect for water pump with specifications.From test result and analysis, shows that by reduce the thickness of core will be no effect from standard specification. Beside from the specification has passed the standard, from cost analysis, the price cheaper than the new one. Automatically, the cost production will be cheaper than the new one."

"[ABSTRAKReservoar gas pada lapisan tipis merupakan sesuatu yang menarik untukdianalisis karena reflektor yang mengalami destruktif apabila berada dibawah tuningthickness atau 1/4λ. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan mencoba preconditioningkembali data PSTM gather yang nantinya akan menjadi input analisis AVO.Peningkatan resolusi dan nilai signal to noise ratio menjadi tujuan dari penelitian ini.Usaha prosesing yang dilakukan adalah proses F-K Filter, Trimming Statics danSuper Gather. Setelah melalui ketiga proses diatas, analisis AVO pun dilakukandengan metode cross plotting. Hasil preconditioning pada penelitian ini menunjukkanbahwa ada anomali AVO yang merupakan jenis AVO klas IV. Hasil ini diperkuatdengan metode analisis Cross Plotting pada setiap atribut dari AVO itu sendiri.

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ABSTRACTGas reservoir on thin layer is something interested to analyze due todestructive reflector which is below 1/4λ or tuning thickness condition. This researchis trying to do re-preconditioning on PSTM gather which will be input of AVOanalysis. Increased in resolution and signal to noise ratio become goal of thisresearch. Processing efforts had been done, such as: F-K Filter, Trimming Statics andSuper Gather. After all process above, AVO analysis was conducted by using CrossPlotting method. Result of re-preconditioning in this research tells class IV of AVOanomaly. The result is strengthen by analysis method of Cross Plotting which arecame from AVO attributes of Cross Plot.;Gas reservoir on thin layer is something interested to analyze due todestructive reflector which is below 1/4λ or tuning thickness condition. This researchis trying to do re-preconditioning on PSTM gather which will be input of AVOanalysis. Increased in resolution and signal to noise ratio become goal of thisresearch. Processing efforts had been done, such as: F-K Filter, Trimming Statics andSuper Gather. After all process above, AVO analysis was conducted by using CrossPlotting method. Result of re-preconditioning in this research tells class IV of AVOanomaly. The result is strengthen by analysis method of Cross Plotting which arecame from AVO attributes of Cross Plot., Gas reservoir on thin layer is something interested to analyze due todestructive reflector which is below 1/4λ or tuning thickness condition. This researchis trying to do re-preconditioning on PSTM gather which will be input of AVOanalysis. Increased in resolution and signal to noise ratio become goal of thisresearch. Processing efforts had been done, such as: F-K Filter, Trimming Statics andSuper Gather. After all process above, AVO analysis was conducted by using CrossPlotting method. Result of re-preconditioning in this research tells class IV of AVOanomaly. The result is strengthen by analysis method of Cross Plotting which arecame from AVO attributes of Cross Plot.]"

"Latar belakang dan tujuan: Masalah osteoporosis merupakan masalah dalam kesehatan masyarakat terutama di negara berkembang. Kurangnya jumlah alat DXA menyebabkan minimnya penderita yang terdiagnosis dini osteoporosis dan mendapat terapi, hingga akhirnya mengalami patah tulang. Pengukuran indeks ketebalan korteks tulang radius distal merupakan parameter sederhana, objektif, dan mudah diterapkan, menggunakan radiografi konvensional yang berguna untuk memperkirakan kepadatan massa tulang, namun perlu dibuktikan korelasinya dengan nilai T-score. Metode: Uji korelatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang pada nilai indeks ketebalan korteks radius distal menggunakan radiografi konvensional dan T-score kolum femur menggunakan DXA berdasarkan database populasi Indonesia, terhadap 38 subjek penelitian, menggunakan data primer, dalam kurun waktu Desember 2016 sampai Mei 2017. Hasil: Uji korelasi Pearson antara indeks ketebalan korteks radius distal pada lokasi 1 dan 2 dengan nilai T-score kolum femur, didapatkan nilai koefisien korelasi r=0,46 p=0,096 untuk lokasi 1 dan r=0,45 p=0,093 untuk lokasi 2. Pada kelompok jenis kelamin perempuan, didapatkan nilai r=0,53 p

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Background and objective: Osteoporosis is a problem in public health, especially in developing countries. DXA lacks of availability causing problem in osteoporosis early diagnosing and treatment until the occurance of bone fracture. Measurement of distal radius cortical thickness index using conventional radiography is a simple, objective and easy to applied methods for estimating bone density, but needs to be proven its correlation with T score.

Methods: A cross sectional correlation study between the cortical thickness index of distal radius by conventional radiography and T score of femoral neck by DXA based on population database in Indonesia, conducted in 38 subjects in the period of December 2016 to May 2017.

Result: Using the Pearson correlation test between the cortical thickness index of distal radius in two location with T score of femur column by DXA, we obtained coefficient correlation value of r 0,46 p 0,096 for location 1 dan r 0,45 p 0,093 for location 2. In the female group we obtained r 0,53 p 0,05 for location 1 and r 0,52 p 0,05 for location 2. Based on age group, r value for location 1 and 2 in 60 years age group is r 0,31 p 0,194 and r 0,32 p 179 for location 1 and 2, respectively.

Conclusion: There is a weak positive correlation between the cortical thickness index of distal radius by conventional radiography and T score of femoral neck by DXA."