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"ABSTRAKPelaksanaan produksi di PT ?X? sering mengalami kesulitan untuk memenuhi permintaan dari konsumennya dikarenakan kondisi permintaan yang selalu berfluktuatif. Dengan demikian perusahaan perlu membuat suatu srategi proses produksi dalam mengantisipasi permintaan tersebut dengan mempertimbangkan biaya produksi yang paling minimal.Dalam menentukan strategi proses produksi diterapkan metode Chase Strategy, Assigned Workforce Levels dan Level Strategy dengan kriteria minimasi ongkos totalnya. Variabel-variabel ongkosnya meliputi ongkos tenaga kerja langsung, ongkos rekrut, ongkos PH, ongkos jam kerja normal, ongkos lembur, ongkos simpan, ongkos backorder dan ongkos lost sales.Dengan bantuan program Quantitative systems (QS) version 3.0 dipilih metode terbaik dari ketiga metode yang diusulkan. Secara keseluruhan didapat strategi yang terbaik yaitu dengan memakai metode Assigned Workforce Levels yang memberikan ongkos total kumulatif tenaga kerja per tahun sebesar Rp. 9.945.847,- sedangkan ongkos total produksi per tahun untuk Audio part sebesar Rp. 83.723.960,- TV part sebesar Rp. 133.800.216,- Rak Nasional sebesar Rp. 720.194.496,- Rak Sanyo sebesar Rp. 764.004.288,- Rak Mitsubitshi seb.car Rp. 836.290.560,- MDF 2500 sebesar Rp.887.041.472,- dan MDF 3000 sebesar Rp. 1.190.621.440,-

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ABSTRACT

The carrying out of production at PT. 'X' frequently find it difficult to meet the demand of its consumers, because of the demand's condition which is very fluctuate. The company needs a kind of process production strategy to anticipate the demand by considering the minimum production cost.

In determining the process production strategy, method of Chase strategy, Assigned Workforce levels and Level strategy are implemented with the criteria of minimized total cost. The cost variables include regular workforce cost, hiring cost, firing cost, regular man hours cost, overtime cost, inventory cost, backorder cost and lostsales cost.

With the help of Quantitative Systems (QS) version 3.0, the best method is chosen of the three ones proposed. As it turn out, the Assigned Workforce Levels method proved to be the most applicable, by giving the total cumulative workforce cost per year is 9,945,847 rupiahs, while the total production cost per year for Audio part is 83,723,960 rupiahs, TV part is 133,800,2I6 rupiahs, Rack National is 720,194,496 rupiahs, Rack Sanyo is 764,004,288 rupiahs Rak Mitsubitshi is 836,290,560 rupiahs, MDF 2500 is 887,041,472 rupiahs and MDF 3000 is 1,190,521,440 rupiahs."

"Perusahaan telekomunikasi tergolong perusahaan teknologi komunikasi informasi (TIK) yang memiliki tipikal biaya tinggi, untuk penyediaan dan pemeliharaan infrastruktur. Munculnya over the top (OTT) tanpa investasi infrastruktur yang mahal, kini marak digunakan, mengakibatkan banyak layanan telekomunikasi menjadi usang. Itu terjadi karena OTT secara pragmatis mampu menggantikan layanan telekomunikasi. Berkaca pada kemampuan konektivitas dan jangkauan, telekomunikasi perlu menciptakan pasar baru dengan memberikan perhatian khusus pada kota pintar yang dibangun dari koneksi internet yang masif. Model bisnis operasional telekomunikasi saat ini berbasis pelanggan manusia, sedangkan kota pintar merupakan multi service digital (non human), sehingga diperlukan proses bisnis baru untuk mengelola pelanggan kota pintar (non human). Penelitian ini menyajikan transformasi proses bisnis dalam domain pelanggan dalam operasi sistem yang kompleks dari sebuah perusahaan telekomunikasi. Kebaruan penelitian adalah metode business process reengineering (BPR) yang dikombinasikan dengan soft systems methodology (SSM) dan enterprise knowledge development (EKD) untuk mendefinisikan, memetakan, memodelkan, dan memproyeksikan proses bisnis baru. Hasilnya adalah tujuh model enterprise architecture (EA) untuk mengelola pelanggan baru kota pintar. Pada akhirnya diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya saing telekomunikasi. Studi ini menghasilkan terobosan model strategi bagi transformasi proses bisnis telekomunikasi dalam domain yang berpusat pada pelanggan (customer-centric) antara lain (1) Request to answer, (2) Order to payment, (3) Usage to payment, (4) Request to change, (5) Termination to confirm, (6) Problem to solution, dan (7) Complaint to solution.

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The telco is an information communications technology (ICT) company that has a typical high cost, for the provision and maintenance of the infrastructure. The emergence of over the top (OTT) without expensive infrastructure investments is now being massively used, which has resulted in many telco services becoming obsolete. It occurs because OTT is pragmatically able to substitute similar services. Reflecting on the capabilities of connectivity and coverage, telco needs to create a new market by paying special attention to smart cities that are constructed from massive internet connections. The current telco operational business model is based on human customers, whereas smart cities are a multi-service digital (non-human), so a new business process is required to manage smart city (non-human) customers. This research presents the transformation of business processes in the customer domain in the complex systems operations of a telco company. The research novelty is the business process reengineering (BPR) method combined with soft systems methodology (SSM) and enterprise knowledge development (EKD) to define, map, model, and project a new business process. The result is seven models of enterprise architecture (EA) for managing new smart city customers. In the end, it is expected to increase telco competitiveness. This study produces a breakthrough strategic model for the transformation of telecommunication business processes in a customer-centric domain: (1) request to answer, (2) order to payment, (3) usage to payment, (4) request to change, (5) termination to confirm, (6) problem to solution, dan (7) complaint to solution."

"PT AMZ merupakan suatu badan usaha yang bergerak pada industri niaga gas bumi. Pengurangan subsidi bahan bakar minyak bumi menciptakan pilihan yang kuat terhadap peningkatan pemanfaatan gas bumi. Terlebih lagi penerbitan dan pelaksanaan beberapa peraturan dan kebijakan oleh Pemerintah Indonesia telah menyebabkan banyak badan usaha baru memasuki industri niaga gas bumi yang menaikkan tingkat persaingan terhadap AMZ sebagai trader gas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa lingkungan eksternal dan internal AMZ di dalam melakukan usaha niaga gas bumi; menentukan keunggulan kompetitif berkelanjutan yang dimiliki AMZ dan memberikan rekomendasi terkait strategi bagi AMZ pada periode 5 tahun kedepan untuk memenangkan kompetisi dan mempertahankan posisi AMZ sebagai market leader. Data primer penelitian ini diperoleh melalui semi structured in-depth interview terhadap stakeholders AMZ kecuali pelanggan, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari beberapa sumber seperti website perusahaan, press release dan atau laporan perusahaan (misal : laporan tahunan), surat kabar, majalah, buletin, artikel, website terkait industri gas bumi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan beberapa analisa : analisa PESTEL, analisa Porter?s Five Forces, analisa Resource Based View (RBV), analisa SWOT; yang selanjutnya dijadikan sebagai acuan oleh Penulis dalam memformulasikan strategi. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa telah banyak badan usaha baru memasuki industri niaga gas bumi; dan peraturan/kebijakan pemerintah menimbulkan pengaruh terhadap bisnis AMZ di dalam industri niaga gas bumi. Penelitian ini juga menyatakan keunggulan kompetitif berkelanjutan yang dimiliki oleh AMZ seperti : (i) kekuatan kinerja keuangan; (ii) infrastruktur gas yang tersebar dan saling berhubungan; (iii) model bisnis yang menggabungkan usaha distribusi dan niaga gas bumi; (iv) pengetahuan dan pengalaman sebagai badan usaha niaga gas bumi yang efisien dan efektif. Selain itu, penelitian ini mengajukan beberapa rekomendasi strategi bagi AMZ pada periode 5 tahun kedepan untuk memenangkan persaingan dan mempertahankan posisi sebagai market leader.

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PT AMZ is an enterprise doing its business in natural gas trading industry. The diminishing of oil subsidy has created strong preference toward enhancement of natural gas utilization. Moreover the issuance and implementation of several regulations and policies by Government of Indonesia have changed the industry inducing many new enterprises entering the industry which increases competition level against AMZ as a gas trader.

This research is aiming to analyze the external environment and internal of AMZ in doing natural gas trading business; to define AMZ?s sustainable competitive advantage and to provide recommendation on what should AMZ strategy be within the next 5 years to win competition and maintain its position as market leader. The primary data for this research is taken from semi structured in-depth interview to AMZ stakeholders, while secondary data is gathered from many references such as company website, company's press release and/or reports (i.e: annual reports), newspaper, magazines, bulletin, articles, websites related to natural gas industry. There are several analysis conducted in this research : PESTEL analysis, Porter's Five Forces analysis, Resource Based View (RBV) analysis, SWOT analysis; by which later used by the Author to formulate the strategy.

This research concludes that there are many new enterprises entering the industry; and government regulations/policies create impact on AMZ business in the natural gas trading industry. It also reveals AMZ sustainable competitive advantage such as : (i) AMZ financial strength; (ii) its widely interconnected gas infrastructures; (iii) its business model bundling natural gas distribution and natural gas trading activities; (iv) its knowledge and experience as efficient and effective natural gas trading enterprise. Moreover, this research provides recommendation of strategy for AMZ within the next 5 years so that AMZ can win competition and maintain its position as market leader."