Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Status epileptikus non konvulsivus SENK merupakan salah satu diagnosis banding pasien dengan penurunan kesadaran termasuk pada ensefalopati metabolik EM . Luaran pasien EM dengan SENK masih belum banyak diteliti.Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan disain potong lintang terhadap pasien EM dengan gambaran elektroensefalogram EEG SENK berdasarkan kriteria Salzburg yang dirawat di ruang emergensi, ruang rawat intensif, dan ruang rawat inap Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Cipto Mangunksumo pada bulan Juli 2016-Juli 2017. Pasien dilakukan pencatatan, pemeriksaan EEG, dan observasi hingga akhir perawatan atau 30 hari perawatan. Luaran dinilai dalam mortalitas dan status fungsional dalam modified Rankin scale mRS yang dibagi menjadi baik mRS 0-2 dan buruk 3-5 . Analisa bivariat dilakukan untuk mencari faktor demografis, klinis, dan elektrografis yang berpotensi mempengaruhi luaran.Hasil: Dari total 32 subjek penelitian, didapatkan mortalitas sebesar 40,6 . Dari 19 subjek hidup, 84,2 memiliki status fungsional buruk. Pada subjek yang meninggal, 84,6 memiliki latar belakang teta, 100 tidak responsif terhadap suara, 92,3 tidak responsif terhadap nyeri, dan 76,9 memiliki gambaran aktivitas delta/teta ritmik dengan frekuensi >0,5Hz. Sepsis dan jumlah etiologi penurunan kesadaran memiliki berpotensi mempengaruhi luaran subjek p0,5Hz. Sepsis dan jumlah etiologi berpotensi mempengaruhi luaran.Kata kunci: luaran; mortalitas; status fungsional; ensefalopati metabolik; status epileptikus non konvulsivus

---

ABSTRACTBackground Nonconvulsive status epilepticus NCSE is one of the important differential diagnoses in patients with altered consciousness including metabolic encephalopathy ME . The outcome of ME patients with NCSE has not been studied extensively.Method This is an observational cross sectional study in ME patients with NCSE based on EEG findings that fulfilled the Salzburg criteria treated in the emergency, intensive care, and inpatient units of Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital in July 2016 July 2017. Subjects underwent documentation, EEG recording, and observation until discharge or 30 days of treatment. Outcome was measured in mortality and functional status in modified Rankin scale divided into favorable mRS 0 2 and poor mRS 3 5 . Bivariate analysis was done to find the potential demographic, clinical, and electrographic factors to influence outcome.Result Out of total 32 subjects, the mortality rate was 40.6 . From 19 survivors, 84,2 had poor functional status. In fatal subjects, 84.6 had theta background rhythm, 100 unresponsive to sound, 92.3 unresponsive to pain, and 76.9 had rhythmic delta theta activity 0.5Hz. Sepsis and the number of etiologies causing altered consciousness had the potential to influence outcome p0.5Hz. Sepsis and the number of etiologies had the potential to influence outcome.Keywords mortality functional status metabolic encephalopathy nonconvulsive status epilepticus"

"Latar Belakang: Status epileptikus (SE) merupakan salah satu kedaruratan neurologis dengan mortalitas yang tinggi. SE dengan gejala motorik yang menonjol dan gangguan kesadaran disebut sebagai status epileptikus konvulsivus (SEK). Tujuan tatalaksana SEK adalah menghentikan bangkitan secara cepat dan efektif karena pada SEK yang berkepanjangan akan menyebabkan kerusakan neuron dan gangguan sistemik yang luas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran tatalaksana farmakologis dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi waktu terminasi SEK di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM).Metode: Desain penelitian dengan potong lintang pada 22 pasien SEK secara retrospektif. Data yang didapatkan merupakan data dari penelurusan rekam medik. Dilakukan pencatatan usia, jenis kelamin, komorbid, riwayat epilepsi, etiologi, bentuk kejang, kelainan metabolik, onset kejang, jenis, lini, dosis, dan jumlah obat anti kejang yang didapat. Kemudian dilakukan pencatatan waktu dari tatalaksana SEK hingga terminasi SEK.Hasil: Dari 22 subjek, 16 subjek dapat diterminasi <60 menit (72,7%). Kelompok terminasi <60 menit memiliki rerata usia lebih muda, memiliki riwayat epilepsi, dan sebagian besar tidak memiliki komorbid. Pada kedua kelompok terminasi etiologi tersering adalah etiologi akut. Seluruh subjek dengan semiologi SEK kejang konvulsif umum tonik klonik dan kejang umum tonik termasuk dalam kelompok terminasi <60 menit. Sedangkan bentuk kejang lainnya terdapat sebagian kecil subjek termasuk dalam kelompok terminasi >60 menit. Median onset kejang pada penelitian ini didapat lebih lama pada kelompok terminasi <60 menit. Kelainan metabolik hipoalbumin dan gangguan hepar didapatkan sedikit lebih banyak pada kelompok terminasi <60 menit. Sedangkan subjek dengan kelainan ginjal didapat persentase yang sama. Sebagian besar subjek cukup mendapat lini I, diazepam IV, dan 1 jumlah obat anti kejang dalam terminasi SEK. Pada subjek kelompok terminasi >60 menit mendapat dosis diazepam IV dan fenitoin IV lebih besar. Pada subjek yang mendapat levetiracetam oral dan midazolam IV seluruhnya terdapat dalam kelompok terminasi >60 menit.Kesimpulan: Tatalaksana farmakologis SEK di RSCM sesuai dengan alogaritme SE dan sebagian besar dapat diterminasi <60 menit. Distribusi demografis dan klinis subjek penelitian seperti usia muda, riwayat epilepsi, dan tidak adanya komorbid serta kelainan metabolik hipoalbumin dan kelainan hepar distribusinya lebih banyak pada kelompok terminasi <60 menit.

---

Background: Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the neurological emergencies with high mortality. SE with prominent motor symptoms and impaired consciousness is called a convulsive status epilepticus (CSE). The goal of treatment for CSE is to stop seizures quickly and effectively because prolonged CSE will cause extensive neuronal damage and systemic disturbances. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of pharmacological management and the factors that influence the termination of CSE in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.

Method: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study design in 22 CSE patients. The data was retrieved from medical records including age, sex, comorbid, history of epilepsy, etiology, form and onset of seizures, metabolic disorders, type, line, dose and amount of anti-seizure drugs were carried out. The duration from time-point of CSE management up to the CSE termination was recorded.

Result: Among 22 subjects, there were 16 subjects who had CSE termination <60 minutes (72.7%). The <60 minutes termination group had a younger age, had a history of epilepsy and most of them had no comorbidities. All three subjects with a history of epilepsy were also included in the <60 minutes termination group. In both groups the most common etiology of termination was acute. All subjects with the semiology convulsive generalized tonic-clonic seizures and generalized tonic seizures were included in the <60 minutes termination group. While other forms of semiology, a small proportion of subjects were included in the group termination >60 minutes. Median seizure onset in this study was longer in the termination group <60 minutes. Hypoalbumin metabolic and hepatic disorders were slightly more in the <60 minutes termination group. Among <60 minutes termination group, the most common anti-convulsant was first line drug which was Diazepam IV, wherease the most common one in >60 minutes termination group was second line drug which was Phenytoin IV. Subjects in the group terminated> 60 minutes received larger doses of IV diazepam and IV phenytoin. Subjects receiving oral levetiracetam and IV midazolam were all in the> 60 minutes termination group.

Conclusion: CSE management in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital was already in accordance with the SE management algorithm. Demographic and clinical distribution of study subjects such as younger age, history of epilepsy, absence of co-morbids and metabolic disorders of hypoalbumin and liver disorders were common in the <60 minutes termination group."

"Praktek klinik lanjut selama praktek residensi keperawatan pada sistem neurologi dimaksudkan untuk mampu memberikan asuhan keperawatan, menerapkan Evidence Based Nursing (EBN) serta mampu berperan sebagai innovator di ruang perawatan. Peran pemberi asuhan keperawatan dilakukan dengan menggunakan model adaptasi Roy pada pasien dengan status epileptikus dan 30 pasien lainnya dengan berbagai gangguan sistem persarafan. Perilaku maladaptif paling banyak adalah mode adaptasi fisiologi, yaitu ketidakefektifan perfusi jaringan cerebral. Intervensi keperawatan berupa manajemen edema cerebral ditujukkan untuk meningkatkan adaptasi pasien dalam meningkatkan perfusi jaringan ceredral. Penerapan EBN diagonally aligned sitting training (DAST) pada empat pasien stroke menunjukkan keefektifan DAST dalam meningkatkan keseimbangan duduk pasien fase awal pasca stroke. Program inovasi keperawatan berupa penerapan program pencegahan kejadian jatuh pada pasien neurologi di rawat inap.

---

Advance clinical practice in neurological system during residency period is proposed to be able to provide nursing care, implement the evidence based nursing (EBN) and be able to act as innovator in the treatment room. The role of nurse care provider was made using Roy’s adaptation model in patients with status epilepticus and 30 other patients with various neural system disorders. The most maladaptive behavior is the physiological adaptation mode is the ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion, The nursing management intervention was cerebral edema management to improve patient adaptation in enchancing cerebral tissue perfusion. Implementation of EBN: diagonally aligned sitting training (DAST) in four patients with stroke can improve the sitting balance of the patients in the early post stroke phase. Implementation of the fall prevention program can be used for prevent the patient’s fall risk. Keywords: neurological disorder, status epilepticus, prevent risk, diagonally aligned sitting training, Roy Adaptation Model."