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"Dental caries and periodontal disease are well established and common in Indonesia, and both of these diseases are major concerns for the oral and dental health. The objective of this study was to compare the differences in children with and without caries in terms of colony bacteria in the saliva, and the changes before and after consumption of carbonated drink. The study was conducted on Al-Qodiri elementary school students who were 10-12 years old. Saliva was collected before and after consumption (for 2 min) of a carbonated drink. T-test was used to analyze the results. The results of the study showed that there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the caries and non-caries groups."

"Abstract. The Indonesian government has attempted to increase the function of excise duty as the source of revenueand consumer goods controller by expanding excise-taxed goods on carbonated soft drinks. This research aimed to learnthe background, the government?s effort, and the revenue potential of carbonated soft drinks. The result showed that theexpanding of the goods are based on their nature and characteristics of excise-taxed goods?regulated in Law No. 39 of2007 as goods whose consumption must be limited, whose distribution must be controlled, and whose usage produces anegative impact on the health of the people and the environment; as well as goods whose usage is taxed for the sake ofjustice. The efforts done by the government are to revise the Excise Law, to conduct a deep study and internal socialization,and to establish accountable human resources. It is hoped that eventually the implementation of excise duty on carbonatedsoft drinks would increase state revenue without at the same time neglecting programs of people?s health improvement."

"Saat ini, Pemerintah ingin meningkatkan fungsi cukai sebagai penerimaan dan pengatur barang konsumsi, untuk mewujudkannya dengan memperluas barang kena cukai pada minuman ringan berkarbonasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar pertimbangan, upaya pemerintah dan potensi penerimaan dari ekstensifikasi barang kena cukai pada minuman ringan berkarbonasi. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa ekstensifikasi barang kena cukai pada minuman ringan berkarbonasi didasarkan pada pemenuhan sifat atau karakteristik barang kena cukai yang diatur dalam UU No. 39 Tahun 2007 terhadap minuman ringan berkarbonasi, yaitu barang yang konsumsinya harus dibatasi, peredarannya harus diawasi, barang yang penggunaannya menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap kesehatan masyarakat dan lingkungan serta barang yang pemakaiannya perlu pembebanan pungutan negara demi keadilan dan keseimbangan. Upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah yaitu revisi Undang-Undang Cukai, melakukan kajian mendalam, sosialisasi internal dan menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang handal. Ekstensifikasi barang kena cukai pada minuman ringan berkarbonasi dapat meningkatkan penerimaan negara dan peningkatan program kesehatan masyarakat.

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This moment, Government wants to increase excise tax function as consumer goods revenue and regulator, to realize it by expanding excise goods on carbonated soft drinks. This research was carried out to learn consideration base, government's efforts and revenue potential from extensification of excise goods on carbonated soft drinks. In this research then discovered that extensification excise goods on carbonated soft drinks is based on fulfillment of characteristic excise goods that arranged inside UU No 39 Tahun 2007 toward carbonated soft drinks that says consumption on goods have to be bordered, circulation have to be controlled, used on goods which gives negative effect to community's health and surrounding along with goods whose use needs tax levied for the sake of justice and balance. Efforts which have been done by the government are revision of excise tax law, profound studies, internal socialization and creation of sophisticated human resource. Extensification excise goods on carbonated soft drinks can increase country's revenue and escalation of public health program."

"Indonesia is a large market for consumer products targeting youth consumers, with populations of more than 70 million young inhabitants and market size of USD 155 billion. The large size of this potential market attracts foreign products with globallyrecognized brands to enter the Indonesian market. The objective of this study is to explain the purchase intention of youth consumers toward a particular brand of soft drink with global penetration by their perceptions and ethnocentrism. This study obtained response from 156 youths in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia. The resulting data was analyzed using structural equation modeling with LISREL software package. The study found that consumer ethnocentrism decreases purchase intention, both directly and indirectly through brand image. Contrary to the hypothesis, consumer ethnocentrism does not influence corporate image of the global firm, which significantly influences brand image but only slightly impacts purchase intentions directly. Indonesia adalah pasar yang besar bagi produk konsumen yang membidik kalangan pemuda, dengan70 juta populasi berusia muda dan ukuran pasar sebesar USD 155 milyar. Besarnya pasar potensialini menarik produk-produk asing dengan merek global untuk masuk ke pasar Indonesia. Tujuanstudi ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana niat membeli dari konsumen muda terhadap salah satuproduk dengan merek global dipengaruhi oleh persepsi dan etnosentrisme mereka. Studi ini memperolehrespon dari 156 pemuda di wilayah Jabodetabek, Indonesia. Data yang diperoleh kemudiandiolah menggunakan pemodelan persamaan struktural dengan paket LISREL. Studi ini menemukanbahwa etnosentrisme konsumen mengurangi intensi membeli, baik secara langsung maupun secaratidak langsung melalui konstruk citra merek. Berlawanan dari hipotesis, etnosentrisme konsumentidak mempengaruhi citra perusahaan yang memiliki pengaruh yang kecil namun signifikan terhadapniat membeli."