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"ABSTRAKFrom Prada to Nada 2009 adalah sebuah film drama romantis mengenai dua saudara perempuan manja yang harus pindah dari Beverly Hills ke lingkungan orang-orang Meksiko di Los Angeles timur. Artikel ini berfokus pada perjuangan-perjuangan dan perubahan-perubahan yang terkait dengan tahapan-tahapan kejutan budaya yang dihadapi oleh kedua saudara perempuan dan orang-orang Meksiko sepanjang perjalan mereka. Dengan menggunakan teori Oberg mengenai tahapan-tahapan kejutan budaya, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menemukan sebab-sebab dan akibat-akibat yang dimiliki kejutan budaya terhadap dua saudara perempuan dan orang-orang Meksiko melalui dialog, adegan, dan interaksi kedua budaya yang dihadirkan dalam film ini.

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ABSTRACTFrom Prada to Nada 2009 is a romantic drama movie about the two spoiled sisters who have to move from Beverly Hills to Mexicans neighborhood in East Los Angeles. This article is focusing on the struggles and changes related to the stages of culture shock that the two sisters and Mexicans face throughout their journey. By using Oberg rsquo;s theory of the stages of culture shock, this article aims to uncover the causes and effects that the culture shock has toward the two sisters and Mexicans through the dialogue, scene, and both cultures interaction which are presented in the movie."

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Indonesia telah mengeksploitasi gas alam dan mengekspornya ke negara-negara di dunia. Sejak eksploitasi gas alam dilakukan, ekonomi global banyak berubah arah penggunaannya dari minyak menjadi gas alam yang dikenal lebih bersih. Setiap peristiwa yang menyebabkan fluktuasi di dalam kondisi perekonomian dunia dapat pula mengganggu pasar komoditas termasuk minyak dan gas bumi. Peristiwa tersebut dikenal dengan shock dengan karakteristik black swan, sebagai contohnya gempa bumi pada tahun 2011 di Fukushima, Jepang yang mengakibatkan kebocoran nuklir akibatnya kebergantungan akan sumber energi utama tersebut terganggu; contoh lainnya adalah pada tahun 2016 ketika terjadi anjloknya harga minyak mintah ke level di bawah 50 Dollar Amerika Serikat per barrel. Shock tersebut mentransmisikan efeknya hingga ke Indonesia sebagai negara pengekspor LNG ke Jepang dan engara-negara lain di Asia. Bilamana prediksi secara akurat dibutuhkan untuk suatu pasar tertentu akibat pasar lainnya atau karena peristiwa tertentu yang tercermin dari indeks pasar modal suatu negara atau kawasan guna mengambil kesempatan, membuat strategi, atau mengambil langkah tertentu, maka dibutuhkan alat/metode. metode yang dipergunakan untuk prediksi sebagaimana disebutkan dipergunakan di dalam kajian ini, dan metode tersebut adalah analisis contagion dengan mempergunakan analisis korelasi lokal akibat dari indeks pasr modal negara tertentu terhadap harga LNG Bintuni, Papua Indonesia sebagai komoditas yang diperdagangakan. Hasilnya adalah adanya efek contagion dari pasar modal Jepang ke harga LNG sementara LNG itu sendiri mentransmisikan efeknya ke indeks pasar modal Indonesia dan Filipina secara tidak langsung. Signifikansi dimaksud terbukti dari nilai uji estimasi Z dengan hasil uji masing-masing adalah 3.7417 pada pengaruh indeks pasar modal Jepang terhadap harga LNG untuk hasil analisis estimasi koefisien korelasi pada titik kuantil 2.5% lebih besar daripada median, 9.2389 pada harga LNG terhadap indeks pasar modal Filipina untuk estimasi koefisien korelasi pada titik kuantil 2.5% lebih besar daripada median, dan 6.7935 untuk estimasi koefisien korelasi pada titik kuantil 95.5% lebih besar daripada median, serta 2.4986 pada harga LNG terhadap indeks pasar modal Indonesia untuk estimasi koefisien korelasi pada titik kuantil 2.5% lebih besar daripada median, dan 6.6617 untuk estimasi koefisien korelasi pada titik kuantil 97.5% lebih besar daripada median.

 

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Indonesia has been exploiting natural gas and exporting it to countries all around the world. Since the exploitation of natural gas, global economy changes its direction due to changes in the usage of energy sources, from oil to natural gas which is cleaner. Every event that causing disturbances in the economy can cause disturbances in comodity market, especially oil and gas. That event known as shock with the characteristics of a ‘black swan’, as an example in the 2011 earthquake in Fukushima, Japan in which causing leaks in nuclear reactor and therefore causing disturbance in the dependencies of nuclear as an energy source; other example is in the 2016 on which within that period crude oil price plummeted below 50 United State of America Dollar per barrel. Those shocks transmit effect to Indonesia as an LNG exporting countries to Japan and other countries di Asia. Due to this, if one would like to predict what will happen to a specific market due to others or due to a certain event reflected by the index market of a certain countries or region, to gain an opportunity, to make a strategy or to take a better action, one would need a tool/method. The method to predict as explained is used in this study, and it is the prediction of a contagion using a local correlation analysis due to certain market index against the Bintuni, Papua Indonesia LNG price as a commodity being trade. The results are the existence of a contagion effect from Japan market index to LNG Price while LNG itself transmit its effect to Indonesian and Philippines market index indirectly. Its siginicance is proven by the  test with each value of 3.7417 on Japanese market index to LNG Price for the analysis of analysis of Estimated correlation coefficients on lowest percentile of 2.5% is higher than the median, 9.2389 on LNG Price to Philippines market index for analysis of Estimated correlation coefficients on lowest percentile of 2.5% is higher than the median, and 6.7935 for analysis of Estimated correlation coefficients on highest percentile of 97.5% is higher than the median, and 2.4986 on LNG Price to Indonesian market index for analysis of Estimated correlation coefficients on lowest percentile of 2.5% is higher than the median and 6.6617 for analysis of Estimated correlation coefficients on highest percentile of 97.5% is higher than the median.

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"One of the main reasons for continuing interest in shock focusing is its ability to concentrate energy in a small volume and produce extreme temperatures and pressures in fluids in a controlled laboratory environment. The phenomenon of shock wave focusing leading to extreme conditions in fluids during micro- and nanosecond time intervals is a spectacular example of mechanics at small length and time scales revealing the major properties of shock dynamics including high-temperature gas phenomena. Production of high-energy concentrations in gases and fluids with star-like temperatures and extreme pressures by means of a stable imploding shock is of great interest not only in its own right but also because of the connection to a multitude of phenomena in nature, technology and medicine."

"This book presents a wealth of images of shock wave phenomena, gathered by the author over the past 40 years. Shadowgrams and interferograms of basic shock-dynamic topics such as reflection, diffraction, refraction, and focusing of shock waves in gases and liquids are sequentially displayed. Though the images themselves are self-explanatory, brief explanations of the experimental conditions are included, so as to facilitate analysis and numerical reproduction of the image data.In addition, the book presents interferometric observations of underwater shock wave/bubble interactions, and highlights the multifaceted applications of shock wave phenomena to medicine and industry. Given its scope, the book offers a unique resource for students and researchers who are interested in shock wave phenomena. However, the content has also been specifically prepared for the benefit of readers who are interested in gas dynamics and medical applications of shock waves, and are looking for reliable experimental images."

"Sindrome Syok Dengue (SSD) adalah syok hypovolemik yang mengakibatkan gangguan sirkulasi dan membuat penderita tidak sadar dan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Angka kejadian SSD diperkirakan 30% dari penderita DBD. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian SSD di Kota Palembang tahun 2000- Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalarn kurun waktu 2 bulan, dengan mengunakan data sekunder pada penderita rawat inap di Rumah Sakit (RS) Muhammad Hoesin, Charitas dan ST.Chojidah Kota Palembang. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan epidemiologi cross sectional (potong lintang), subjek penelitian adalah penderita DBD yang berumur 0 - 18 tahun yang dirawat dirumah sakit yang jumlahnya 486 orang. Analisis yang dilakukan adalah analisis bivariat uji statistik dan analisis multivariat logistik regresi, dengan menggunakan ukuran asosiasi prevalens, Odds Rasio dengan uji kai kuadrat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan angka SSD di kalangan DBD adalah 18,93 %. Dari analisis multivariat didapatkan bahwa penderita DBD lambat berobat mempunyai OR 3,37 (95% CI:2,08;5,46), status gizi mempunyai OR 2,33 (95% CI:1,01;5,39) dan umur mempunyai OR 1,81 (95% CI:1,04;4,14) Kesimpulan : kecepatan berobat, status gizi dan kelompok umur mempunyai pengaruh dengan kejadian SSD, untuk itu diperlukan kewaspadaan dan pemantauan terhadap faktor -faktor tersebut.

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The Factors that Related to Dengue Shock Syndrome(DSS) in Palembang City, 2000Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) is shock hypovolemic that resulted to interference of the blood circulation, made the sufferers unconscious, and caused dead. The incident rate of Dengue Shock Syndrome estimated 30% of DBD.

The objective of this study is to know the factors that relate to the incident of DSS in Palembang, 2000. This research was conducted within a two month by using secondary data on at Inpatient whiff Hospitalized at Muhammad Husein, Charitas and ST. Chojidah hospitals in Palembang City.

The design used in this research is epidemiology study design of cross sectional. The number of study samples were 486 patients of DBD who was 0-18 years old of age, who hospitalized at those hospitals. Using analysis method of multiple logistic regression, it was pointed unit to see the power of relationship it was showed by Odds Ratio (OR).

The prevalence DSS among DSS mathea is 18,93%. There are 3 variables related occurrence of DSS, which delayed of treatment with OR 3,37 (95% CI:2.08;5.46), nutritional status 2,33 (95% CI:1.01;5.39) and age 1,81(95% CI:1.04;4.14). These three variable should be used for monitoring. The occurrence of DSS cases from DSS cases.

Considering to this research, it's suggested that the quick medical treatment, nutrition status, and the age group had influenced to DSS incident, It advised to alert and monitoring to those factors."

"A comprehensive study has been made on the dynamical process-taking place in the laser-plasma generation induced by a TEA CO2 laser bombardment on metal target and non-metal target from low to high pressures surrounding gas. In the case of metal target, pure zinc plate was used as a target and bombarded with 400-mJ-laser pulse energy. Dynamical characterization of plasma expansion and excitation were examined in detail both for target atomic emission (Zn I 481.0 nm) and gas atomic emission (He 1 587.6 nm) by using a unique time-resolved spatial distribution measurement and conventional emission spectroscopic detection method. The results showed that the plasma expands and develops with time. The mechanism of plasma generation can be classified into three cases depending on .the surrounding gas pressures; target shock wave plasma in the pressure range between 2 Ton and 20 Ton, coupling shock wave plasma in the pressure range between 50 Torr and 200 Torr and gas break down shock wave plasma in the pressure range between 200 Ton and I atm. In all cases in the laser-plasma generation under TEA CO2 laser bombardment on metal target, shock wave process always plays important role for exciting the target atoms and gas molecules.In the case of non-metal target, a museum glass was used as a target and bombarded with a 400 nd laser pulse energy. By using the conventional emission spectroscopic detection method, namely temporally and spatially integrated and time-resolved spatially integrated of plasma emission, it was shown that the plasma mainly consists of target atomic emission. Only weak gas atomic emission intensity could be observed even at I atm of surrounding gas pressure. These results indicate that the gas breakdown is not a major process responsible to the plasma formation even at high pressure surrounding gas. Shock wave process was considered as an important role in this plasma formation. By the use of shadowgraph technique to detect the density jump signal due to the shock wave front involving a He-Ne laser as a probe light, simultaneous detection of the shock wave front and the emission front was successfully implemented. The result showed that at the initial stages of plasma expansion shock wave front and emission front coincide and move together with time. At the later stages of plasma expansion the two fronts became separate with the emission front left behind the shock wave front. These results are completely coinciding with the shock wave plasma model. Unfortunately, in this experiment we succeed to detect the density jump signal only for high pressure surrounding gas, above 100 Torr. At the pressures lower than 100 Torr the density jump signal was very weak and it is difficult to distinguish with the noise including in the signal.The other important experimental results that support the shock wave plasma model were also obtained in this experiment, namely the coincidence of emission front regardless of their atomic weight and sub-target effect. By using lead glass as a sample, which contain Pb, Si, and Ca, it was confirmed that the emission front of the Pb I 450.8 nm, Si 1288.2 nm and Ca I 422.6 nm almost coincide regardless of their atomic weight. This result also supports the shock wave plasma model because, by the stagnation of the propelling atoms, the front position of the all atoms coincides regardless of its mass. In the case of sub-target effect, confirm that plasma could be produced even for soft target if sub-target is set behind the sample. In this case we use a quartz sample as a sub-target and a vinyl tape was attached to the quartz sample as a target. The TEA CO2 laser bombardment was used at 150 ml and at 1 atm of air. The main role of the subtarget is to produce a repulsion force for atom gushing with high speed. For shock wave, high speed is necessary condition to compress the gas.Coincidence of the movement of the shock wave front and the emission front in the initial stages of plasma expansion is a direct proof of the shock wave plasma model. By improving the detection technique of the density jump associated with the shock wave, the correlation between the shock wave front and the emission front was examined in detail. For this purpose rainbow interferometer system, which has higher sensitivity compared with the shadowgraph technique, was used to detect the density jump signal. We succeed to realize simultaneous detection of shock wave front and emission front from 3 Ton until 1 atm of air when a quartz sample is bombarded with a 600 nil TEA C02 laser. In all pressure that were examined, the shock wave front and the emission front always coincide and move together with time in the initial stages and separate at the later stages with emission front left behind the shock wave front. The coincidence of the shock wave front and emission front and move together with time at the initial stages of plasma expansion was also obtained by using ruby as a sample at 10 Torr and 100 Ton of air as well as with museum glass at the same laser pulse energy.Another important experimental result obtained in this experiment is that confirmation of the coincidence of the target atomic emission front and gas atomic emission front and density jump. This confirmation was obtained by examined a Quartz sample in 50 Ton of helium and a zinc sample in 100 Ton of helium. This result strongly supports the shock wave plasma model because, in ordinary shock tube experiment, gas emission takes place just behind the shock wave.From a practical point of view of direct microanalysis for spectrochemicaI application of alloy metal samples such as brass, selective vaporization effect was also studied. The results showed that even for Nd-YAG laser with short pulse duration (8 ns) and high power density (30 GWcm 2), selective vaporization take place to a certain extend. It was demonstrated in this experiment that selective vaporization is enhanced if the laser irradiation was repeated on the same spot of sample surface. Meanwhile it was also shown in this experiment that the effect of selective vaporization could be significantly suppressed by increasing the surrounding gas pressure from 2 Toff to around 50 Torr of air."