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"Kondisi industri galangan kapal di Indonesia saat ini masih kurang menggembirakan dikarenakan daya saing galangan kapal nasional yang rendah atau tidak kompetitif, ha ini disebabkan harga kapal produksi dalam negeri yang lebih mahal dan waktu pembangunan yang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan kapal produksi galangan kapal di luar negeri. Disamping itu, masih banyaknya proyek-proyek pembangunan kapal yang dilaksanakan oleh galangan kapal nasional mengalami keterlambatan dalam penyelesaiannya. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, dilakukan evaluasi terhadap pelaksanaan pembangunan kapal di Indonesia dengan pendekatan lean shipbuilding berbasis risiko dalam rangka meningkatkan kinerja waktu. Dari hasil kuisioner pada beberapa galangan kapal nasional diketahui bahwa waste (pemborosan) dominan yang merupakan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kinerja waktu pembangunan kapal di galangan kapal Indonesia adalah : adanya bahan baku dan komponen yang masih harus diimpor dari luar negeri, lamanya proses yang terkait dengan prosedur Bea Cukai (Customs Clearance), keterlambatan dalam pengesahan gambar-gambar serta kedatangan bahan baku dan komponen yang terlambat. Pada studi kasus didapatkan hasil bahwa penerapan prinsipprinsip lean dalam metode pembangunan kapal dapat memperbaiki kinerja waktu penyelesaian pembangunan kapal di galangan kapal Indonesia sebesar 50% dan menurunkan jam orang sebesar 16,43%.

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The condition of shipbuilding industries in Indonesia at the moment is still less enlivening due to the fact that national shipyards have low competitiveness or even not competitive. This results from that the price of ships produced domestically is more expensive and the construction periods until the delivery time take longer than those abroad. Besides, there are many shipbuilding projects performed by national shipyards which undergo tardiness in the accomplishment. Based on that condition, an evaluation on the shipbuilding implementation in Indonesia is conducted with the approach of lean shipbuilding based on risk in order to enhance the performance of time.

The result of the questionnaire at some national shipyards shows that dominant waste constituting the risk factor which influences the time performance of shipbuilding process at Indonesian shipyards are the presence of imported raw materials and components from abroad, the processing time in connection with customs clearance, the lack of punctuality in endorsement on the component drawings/designs as well as the late arrival of raw materials and components. In a case study, the result obtained is that the application to lean principles in shipbuilding method can improve the time performance of accomplishing shipbuilding process at Indonesian shipyard by 50% and decrease man hours by 16,43%."

"[This book summarizes results of longstanding research and scientific contributions from many projects and relevant working groups. It collects and evaluates wind and wave climate projections under changing climate having design needs and marine safety in focus. Potential impact of projected climate change in met-ocean conditions on ships and offshore structures is discussed and illustrated by an example of the expected wave climate change on tanker design., This book summarizes results of longstanding research and scientific contributions from many projects and relevant working groups. It collects and evaluates wind and wave climate projections under changing climate having design needs and marine safety in focus. Potential impact of projected climate change in met-ocean conditions on ships and offshore structures is discussed and illustrated by an example of the expected wave climate change on tanker design.]"

"The main aim of this book is to evaluate the concept of stress and provide tools for physicians to identify patients who might benefit from stress management. This will incorporate a detailed description of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic stress that might lead to cardiovascular disease. The book will aim to critically evaluate interventional research (behavioural and other therapies) and provide evidence based recommendations on how to manage stress in the cardiovascular patient. Our intentions are to define and highlight stress as an etiological factor for cardiovascular disease, and to describe an evidence based "tool box" that physicians may use to identify and manage patients in whom stress may be an important contributing factor for their disease and their risk of suffering cardiovascular complications."

"ABSTRAKGalangan kapal adalah industri kontruksi yang memproduksi pembuatan kapal danterdapat berbagai macam jenis pekerjaan di dalamnya. Pekerjaan membangun kapal(shipuilding) merupakan salah satu pekerjaan kontruksi yang sangat kompleks,dimana terdapat banyak jenis pekerjaan yang harus dikerjakan secara paralel.Penulis melakukan kajian akan potensi kecelakaan kerja pada proses block erection.Studi ini menggunakan metode Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA)yang merupakan salah satu metode identifikasi kecelakaan kerja dengan penilaianrisiko sebagai salah satu poin penting untuk mengimplementasikan SistemManajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (SMK3). Dilakukannya HIRAbertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi-potensi bahaya yang terdapat disuatuperusahan untuk dinilai besarnya peluang terjadinya suatu kecelakaan ataukerugian.

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ABSTRACTShipyard is a construction industry that produces shipbuilding and there are varioustypes of work on it. Shipbuilding is one of the construction works are very complex,where there are many types of work to be done in parallel. The author conducted astudy of the potential of workplace accidents on the block erection process. Thisstudy uses a Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Method (HIRA), whis isone method of identification of occupational accidents with risk assessment as oneof the key points to implement the Occupational Safety and Health ManagementSystem (SMK3). HIRA does aim to identify the potential hazard that exist in acompany to assess the magnitude of the chances of an accident or loss."