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"Kuda laut (Hippocampus comes L.) telah digunakan sebagai Jamu di Indonesia yang diduga memiliki efek afrodisiak. Hal ini dilaporkan dalam studi ekstrak kuda laut (EKL) dapat meningkatkan sel spermatogonia, spermatosit, spermatid dan sel Leydig pada mencit. Penggunaan Depo-medroksiprogesteron asetat (DMPA) dapat menginhibisi poros hipotalamus-hipofisis-testis dalam menurukan testosteron selama 12 minggu. Hal ini menyebabkan spermatogenesis terganggu dan apoptosis sel spermatogenik meningkat. Kemampuan EKL saat ini belum banyak diteliti terkait pengaruhnya pada kajian histologi testikuler terutama populasi sel-sel spermatogenik dan sel Leydig serta apoptosis sel setelah induksi DMPA. Tiga puluh tikus jantan SD diinduksi DMPA 1,25 mg/kgBB pada minggu ke-0 dan 12, kemudian dikelompokkan akuades (K1), CMC 1% (K2), dosis ekstrak 150 mg/kgBB (K3), 225 mg/kgBB (K4) dan 300 mg/kgBB (K5) yang di cekok minggu ke-7 sampai ke-18. Selanjutnya testis diisolasi dan dilakukan pembuatan preparat hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) dan immunohistokimia (IHK) ekspresi Fas L. Sel-sel dihitung manual pada mikroskop dan menentukan IHK-skor. Analisis data dengan uji ANOVA dan Kruskall-Wallis. Dosis EKL 150 dan 225 mg/kgBB secara bermakna (p<0,05) meningkatkan populasi sel-sel spermatogenik dan sel Leydig serta menurunkan apoptosis sel dalam ekspresi Fas L selama 18 minggu sehingga dosis tersebut berpotensi dalam meningkatkan fungsi testikuler reproduksi tikus jantan setelah induksi DMPA.

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The seahorse (Hippocampus comes L.) had been used as ‘Jammu’ which probably have powerful aphrodisiac pharmacological activities. Depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is a contraceptive drug that can inhibit the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis to reduce testosterone levels and could increase cell apoptosis for 12 weeks. In addition to improving testosterone levels, studies in mice reported that seahorse extract (SE) could increase spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and Leydig cells, but limited studies are reporting the effects of SE in that population and apoptosis of cells in DMPA induced rats. Thirty male SD rats were induced with DMPA 1,25 mg/kgBW at weeks 0 and 12. Animals were randomly grouped by: aquadest (G1), CMC 1% (G2), SE dose 150 mg/kg BW (G3), SE dose 225 mg/kg bb (G4), SE 300 mg/kg BW (G5), gavage every day at 7-18 weeks. After that, the testis was obtained, and the tissue slide was processed with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and observed by immunohistochemistry. Data was collected by manually counting cells and determining H-score and analysed using one-way ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis test. The reported dose of SE 150 and 225 mg/kg BW significantly increase spermatogenic cells and Leydig cells population also decrease cell apoptosis of Fas L expression, by means potentially increased testicular function in rats after DMPA induction.

 

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"Gangguan keseimbangan hormonal dapat menyebabkan infertilitas pada pria, salah satunya adalah Hipogonadisme. Hipogonadisme ditandai dengan abnormalitas kadar hormon testosteron yang dapat mengganggu proses spermatogenesis. Kuda laut ( Hippocampus spp.) merupakan sumber daya kelautan yang digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional di wilayah asia untuk mengatasi infertilitas pada pria. Hippocampus comes merupakan salah satu spesies kuda laut yang memiliki habitat di perairan Indonesia, namun belum banyak penelitian yang meneliti pengaruh spesies kuda laut ini terhadap biomarker terkait infertilitas pria, terutama kadar Luteinizing Hormone sebagai hormon gonadotropin yang menstimulasi sekresi hormon testosteron, serta kajian histologi testikuler mengenai indeks meiosis dan indeks sel Sertoli. Induksi Depot Medroksiprogesteron asetat (DMPA) dapat mengganggu aksis hipotalamus-pituitari-gonad yang menyebabkan turunnya sekresi hormon gonadotropin serta hormon testosteron sehingga mempengaruhi proliferasi dan maturasi sel spermatogenik. Dua puluh delapan tikus jantan Sprague Dawley  diinduksikan DMPA 1,25 mg/kgBB pada minggu ke- 0 dan 12, kemudian dibagi menjadi empat kelompok, yaitu kontrol negatif (CMC Na 1%), dosis ekstrak 150 mg/kgBB, 225 mg/kgBB, dan 300 mg/kgBB. Parameter kadar LH tikus dianalisis menggunakan Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), sedangkan parameter indeks meiosis dan indeks sel Sertoli dianalisis melalui pemeriksaan histologi pewarnaan H&E. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketiga varian dosis tidak menghasilkan perbedaan yang bermakna antar kelompok pada ketiga parameter, namun cenderung mengalami peningkatan pada dosis 300 mg/kgBB setelah 18 minggu perlakuan.

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Hormonal imbalances can lead to male infertility, one of which is hypogonadism. Hypogonadism is characterized by abnormal levels of testosterone hormone that can disrupt the process of spermatogenesis. Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) are marine resources used in traditional medicine in Asia to address male infertility. Hippocampus comes is one of the seahorse species that inhabits the waters of Indonesia, but there have been few studies examining the effects of this seahorse species on biomarkers related to male infertility, especially the levels of Luteinizing Hormone as a gonadotropin hormone that stimulates testosterone secretion as well as histological studies of testicular meiotic index and Sertoli cell index. Induction of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA) can disrupt the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, leading to a decrease in the secretion of gonadotropin hormones and testosterone, thus affecting the proliferation and maturation of spermatogenic cells. Twenty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were induced with 1.25 mg/kg body weight of DMPA in weeks 0 and 12, then divided into four groups: negative control (CMC Na 1%), extract dose of 150 mg/kg BW, 225 mg/kg BW, and 300 mg/kg BW. The levels of LH in the rats were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), while the meiotic index and Sertoli cell index parameters were analyzed through histological examination using H&E staining. The results showed that the three dose variants did not produce significant differences between groups in all three parameters, but tended to increase at a dose of 300 mg/kg body weight after 18 weeks of treatment."