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"Teori komposisi komponen adalah dasar dari modularitas dalam pengembangan dan verifikasi perangkat lunak. Teori ini terutama digunakan untuk memberikan justifikasi formal untuk konsistensi kerja komponen-komponen yang mudah dipakai ulan (reusable). Hambatan terbesar dalam menyusun bukti formasil untuk komponen seperti itu adalah konsistensi perilakku temporal yang berhubungan dengan kemajuan (progress) sulit dijaga dalam konteks sistem terdistribusi atau paralel. Teori yang ada sifatnya terlalu umum dan tidak memberikan petunjuk yang jelas bagaimana cata memberikan batasan (constraint) kepada lingkungan (environment) sebuah komponen untuk menjadi konsistensi perilaku komponen tersebut di dalam sistem. Teori yang dikembangkan disini bersifat lebih terbatas dan sebagai imbalannya diperoleh hasil yang lebih kuat sehingga pada prakteknya akan lebih bermanfaat. Teroi ini merupakan pengembangan lebih lanjut dari teori serupa yang didasarkan pada mutulan exclusion. Walaupun dengan mutual exclusion bisa didapatkan hasil yang lebih kuat, banyak sistem di lapangan yang sikronisasinya tidak menganut prinsip ini. Contohnya sistem basis data terdistribusi. Versi yagn diberikan disini diharapkan bermanfaat untuk domain penerapan yang lebih luas."

"ABSTRAKKebijakan kantong plastik berbayar di Indonesia yang ditetapkan pada tanggal 21 Februari 2016 menjadi sebuah sejarah baru di Indonesia. Hal ini menjadi sangat menarik diperbincangkan karena dengan adanya kebijakan ini maka hal tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kebiasaan konsumen di Indonesia salah satunya adalah bagaimana kebiasaan konsumen di Indonesia dalam memilih untuk membeli ?green product? dan bagaimana respon konsumen di Indonesia terhadap reusable shopping bag sebagai pengganti kantong plastik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari consumer guilt, self-monitoring dan perceived consumer effectiveness terhadap green purchase intention, dengan menggunakan studi kasus pada penerapan kebijakan kantong plastik berbayar di Indonesia. Responden dari penelitian ini adalah orang-orang yang belum pernah membeli reusable shopping bag. Metode pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa consumer guilt dan self-monitoring berpengaruh secara positif terhadap perceived consumer effectiveness dan perceived consumer effectiveness berpengaruh positif terhadap green purchase intention, sehingga dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa perceived consumer effectiveness berhasil menjadi variabel mediasi bagi consumer guilt dan self-monitoring terhadap green purchase intention.

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ABSTRACTPlastic bag paid policy that was launched on February 21th, 2016 has made a new history in Indonesia. This case is interesting to be discuss because with this policy there would be a shift or change on Indonesia‟s consumer behavior in choosing ?green product? and how they are have intention to buy reusable shopping bag as a substitution for plastic bag. This study aims to analyze the effects of consumer guilt, self-monitoring, and perceived consumer effectiveness toward green purchase intention, in relation with the Implementation of Plastic Bag Paid Policy as the study case. Respondents of this research are those who have yet to purchase a reusable shopping bag. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to process the data. The results of this research shows that consumer guilt and self-monitoring have positive effect on perceived consumer effectiveness, and perceived consumer effectiveness have positive effect on green purchase intention, but consumer guilt and self-monitoring don‟t have positive and direct effect on green purchase intention. So, the conclusion is, perceived consumer effectiveness succeeds in becoming a mediator variable for consumer guilt and self-monitoring toward green purchase intention."

"Permasalahan sampah saat ini masih menjadi isu yang harus diselesaikan, terutama pada sampah plastik. Tahun 2019, Pemerintah DKI Jakarta telah melakukan upaya meminimalisir penggunaan plastik dengan memberlakukan kewajiban penggunaan kantong belanja ramah lingkungan di untuk pengelola pusat perbelanjaan, swalayan, dan pasar rakyat. Sebagai bentuk kepastian untuk memberikan insentif fiskal daerah yang tercantum dalam Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 142 Tahun 2019 dilakukan perluasan dengan menerbitkan Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 111 Tahun 2021. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis implementasi insentif pajak reklame untuk pelaku usaha yang menggunakan kantong belanja ramah lingkungan di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian post positivisme dengan menggunakan teori implementasi yang dikemukakan oleh Grindle dengan jenis penilitan deskriptif dan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pemberian fasilitas insentif pajak reklame ini terlihat masih belum optimal dalam pelaksanaannya. Hal ini terlihat dari belum adanya permohonan insentif pajak reklame yang masuk ke Badan Pendapatan Daerah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Minimnya permohonan insentif dapat dikarenakan administrasi dalam pengajuan yang memerlukan alur birokrasi yang cukup rumit sehingga tidak mencerminkan asas ease of administration dalam pemungutan pajak. Selain itu, sosialisasi terkait dengan adanya insentif pajak reklame untuk pelaku usaha pengguna kantong belanja ramah lingkungan pun masih dirasa sangat kurang. Strategi yang perlu dilakukan dalam mengatasi hal tersebut adalah perlunya koordinasi lebih antar pihak pelaksana kebijakan dan menghindari terjadinya tax potential loss.

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The waste problem is still an issue that must be resolved, especially plastic waste. In 2019, the DKI Jakarta Government has made efforts to minimize the use of plastic by imposing an obligation to use environmentally friendly shopping bags for managers of shopping centers, supermarkets and people's markets. As a form of certainty to provide regional fiscal incentives listed in Pergub 142 of 2019, an expansion is made by issuing Governor Regulation Number 111 of 2021. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of advertising tax incentives for business actors who use environmentally friendly shopping bags in DKI Jakarta. This research is a post-positivism research using the implementation theory put forward by Grindle with descriptive research types and data collection techniques, library research and in-depth interviews. The results of the research show that the implementation of advertising tax incentive facilities is still not optimal in its implementation. This can be seen from the absence of applications for advertising tax incentives that have been submitted to the DKI Jakarta Provincial Revenue Agency. The minimum number of requests for incentives is due to the administration in filings that require a bureaucratic flow which is quite complicated so that it does not reflect the principle of ease of administration in tax collection. In addition, socialization related to the existence of advertising tax incentives for business actors using environmentally friendly shopping bags is felt to be lacking. The strategy that will be carried out in overcoming this is the need for more coordination between policy implementing parties and avoiding potential tax losses."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh faktor sosiodemografiterhadap perilaku membawa tas belanja sendiri untuk mengurangi tas plastikberdasarkan data hasil Survei Perilaku Peduli Lingkungan Hidup 2013. Hasilregresi logit multinomial menunjukan terdapat pengaruh faktor sosiodemografiterhadap perilaku membawa tas belanja sendiri untuk mengurangi tas plastik.Faktor sosiodemografi yang paling berpengaruh terhadap perilaku seringmembawa tas belanja sendiri untuk mengurangi tas plastik berturut-turut adalah daerah tempat tinggal, keterpaparan informasi terkait lingkungan secara langsung, keterpaparan informasi terkait lingkungan melalui media, status kawin, jenis kelamin, status kerja, umur, pendapatan, pengetahuan tentang pengelolaan sampah, dan pendidikan.

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ABSTRACTThis research aims to study the influence of sociodemographic factors onthe behavior of bringing reusable shopping bag to reduce plastic bag based on data from the 2013 Environmental Caring Attitude Survey employing multinomial logistic regression. The results of the analysis show that statistically socioeconomic and demographic factors have significant on the behavior of bringing reusable shopping bag. The strongest factor is the place of residence followed by exposure of information related to the environment directly, exposure of information related to the environment through the media, marital status, gender, employment status, age, income, knowledge of waste management, and education."

"ABSTRAKDalam mencapai visi dan misi, Lembaga XYZ merencanakan transformasi bisnis melalui implementasi paket solusi Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS). Penggunaan SOA kemudian direkomendasikan sebagai arsitektur utama bagi aplikasi COTS maupun aplikasi legacy. Dalam penerapannya saat ini, pengembangan sistem informasi masih dimulai berdasarkan kebutuhan yang terpisah di masing-masing departemen bisnis sehingga dapat menyebabkan kemungkinan terjadinya duplikasi service. Tujuan implementasi SOA nantinya ialah sebagai role model dalam penerapan SOA Strategy dan SOA Governance yang akan berlaku di Lembaga XYZ. Dalam menjawab permasalahan dan tujuan SOA, dibutuhkan suatu mekanisme evaluasi untuk memperbaiki kondisi yang ada. Oracle SOA Maturity Model diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat kematangan di masing-masing domain. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara berdasarkan karakteristik domain pada setiap tingkat kematangan dan studi dokumen Lembaga XYZ. Hasil penelitian yaitu tingkat kematangan SOA di Lembaga XYZ berada pada tingkat 1 (opportunistic). Artinya, departemen TI mulai mengenal SOA dengan menggunakan dan mengekspos services serta mendapatkan manfaat bisnis yang relatif sedikit seperti penggunaan kembali beberapa logika bisnis yang tertanam dalam sistem legacy. Penelitian ini juga memberikan rekomendasi peningkatan kematangan pada 8 domain yang ada. Prioritas diberikan kepada 2 domain terendah yaitu business & strategy dan domain organization.ABSTRACTIn order to achieve its vision and mission, XYZ Institutuion has developed a business transformation plan through implementing a solution package named Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS). The use of SOA is recommended as the main architecture for COTS applications or legacy applications. At the current state condition, information system development in XYZ Institution is initiated based on different requests from each business department that can lead to the possibility of duplicate services. In fact, the goal of SOA implementation expected to be a role model in implementing SOA Strategy and SOA Governance at XYZ Institution. To answer the problem and the goal of SOA, an evaluation method is needed to improve existing conditions. Oracle SOA Maturity Model is expected to be the basis for assessing the level of maturity in each domain. This research uses interview method as research methodology, which based on domain characteristics at each level of maturity. Research result is the SOA maturity level at XYZ Institution is in level 1 (opportunistic). It means, IT departments are being familiar with SOA by using and exposing to SOA services, in which the benefits are still relatively small such as reusing some business logic embedded in legacy systems. This research also provides recommendations for increasing maturity in 8 existing domains. Priority is given to the two lowest domains, namely business & strategy and domain organization."

"ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: in Indonesia, majority of hemodialysis centers use reusable dialyzer for cost efficiency reason. Currently, there is no available data regarding the quality of life of the end stage-renal disease patient who use reusable dialyzer measured by a standardized questionnaire, as it was stated that at molecular level, reusable dialyzer could worsen leukocyte activity and could affect patients complaints and symptoms. METHODS:this was a retrospective cohort study which involved 39 subjects. All subjects underwent hemodialysis at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. The study was conducted in March - September 2017. All subjects had experienced two kinds of dialyzers, the reusable dialyzers (before 2015) and the single-use dialyzers (after 2015). Of all patients, 19 patients did not know the change of dialyzers. Subjects were interviewed with Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form 36 questionnaire.RESULTS:in kidney disease component dimension, there was a significant mean difference between reusable group (68.74; SD 13.22) and single-use group (74.87; SD 13.54) (Wilcoxon test, p=0.01). The Physical Component Summary dimension, in reusable group was 63.65; SD 27.07 and in single-use group was 69.38; SD 23.07 (Wilcoxon test, p=0.217). The Mental Component Summary dimension, in reusable group was 71.78; SD 21.54 and in single-use group was75.27; SD 22.30 (Wilcoxon test, p=0.127). Bivariate analysis and further analysis showed significant association between income less than 5 million rupiah and low quality of life (p=0.048).CONCLUSION:the reusable dialyzer membrane lowers the ESRD patients quality of life influenced by another factor such as low income."

"A true revolution has rocked the space industry, as Silicon Valley and new startup companies around the world have shaken up the status quo. This has in turn triggered a hefty response among traditional aerospace companies, launching the sector into the new Space 2.0. This book explains how and why this remarkable change has happened, starting from the industrys origins during the Space Age and working its way to the present day.No other industry in the world has experienced the dramatic shift in technology and services as rapidly as the field of satellite services and rocket launch systems has. This book analyzes the dynamic shift over the past decade in how satellites are designed, manufactured, launched, and operated. It also turns an eye to the future, discussing the amazing feats and potential issues we can expect from this shifting arena by 2030.With its beginner-friendly writing style and plethora of illustrations, this book serves as a perfect introductory text to students and professionals alike wishing to learn more about the key trends in the field of space applications and launch systems."

"Masalah lingkungan menjadi masalah utama yang banyak dibahas. Berbagai pihak seperti manajer pemasaran, peneliti, dan berbagai perusahaan riset telah mulai banyak memerhatikan dan mencari berbagai faktor yang mungkin akan mendorong dan mengarahkan pembeli untuk membeli produk-produk “hijau” atau ramah lingkungan. Berdasarkan statistik survei, antara 30 hingga 40 persen dari kerusakan lingkungan adalah akibat langsung dari konsumsi barang sekali pakai dari individu. Perang melawan polusi plastik sedang melanda dan diperparah dengan munculnya pandemi COVID-19, karena penggunaan masker sekali pakai, sarung tangan, dan peralatan pelindung sekali pakai lainnya melonjak di seluruh dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Sosialisasi kesadaran tentang pencegahan COVID-19 sangat intensif di seluruh dunia, tetapi kesadaran untuk menjaga lingkungan melalui pengurangan, eliminasi dan pengelolaan yang tepat dari masker wajah sekali pakai pun harus cepat dilakukan. Kerangka berpikir penelitian ini adalah dari Teori Perilaku Terencana (TPB). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi apa faktor yang berpengaruh positif terhadap intensi pembelian masker pakai ulang. Sampel dibagikan secara virtual kepada kerabat yang berdomisili di DKI Jakarta dan Jawa Barat. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode SEM dengan PLS, menggunakan perangkat lunak WarpPLS 7.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap lingkungan dan iklan lingkungan berpengaruh positif terhadap intensi pembelian masker pakai ulang. Iklan lingkungan memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap intensi pembelian masker kain, dimana hal tersebut menjadi temuan utama dari penelitian ini. Analisis variable moderator, harga premium secara positif memiliki efek interaksi dengan iklan lingkungan. Tingkat pendidikan memiliki efek interaksi dengan risiko, tetapi risiko tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap intensi pembelian masker kain sehingga tidak ada pengaruh moderasinya. Jenis kelamin sebagai moderator pun ditemukan sama sekali tidak mempengaruhi intensi pembelian masker kain.

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Environmental problem become main issue that are widely discussed. Various parties such as marketing managers, researchers, and various research companies have started to pay more attention and look for various factors that might encourage and direct buyers to buy "green" or environmentally friendly products. Based on statistics survey, between 30 and 40 percent of environmental damage is a direct result of the consumption of single-use items from individuals. The fight against plastic pollution is brewing and is exacerbated by the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, as the use of disposable masks, gloves and other disposable protective equipment surges around the world, including Indonesia. Socialization of COVID-19 awareness is very intensive, but awareness to protect the environment through the reduction, elimination and proper management of disposable face masks must also be carried out quickly. The framework of this research is from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The purpose of this study was to identify what factors have a positive effect on the intention to purchase reusable masks. Samples were distributed virtually to relatives who live in DKI Jakarta and West Java. Data were analyzed using the SEM method with PLS, using the WarpPLS 7.0 software. The results showed that environmental attitude and environmental advertising had a positive effect on the intention to purchase reusable masks. Environmental advertising has the greatest influence on cloth masks purchase intention, which is the main finding of this study. As for moderator variable analysis, premium price positively has an interaction effect with environmental advertising. The level of education has an interaction effect with perceived risks, but risk does not have an influence on cloth masks purchase intention so there is no moderating effect. Gender as a moderator was found to have absolutely no influence on cloth masks purchase intention."