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"ABSTRACTObjectives: To examine the influence of pharmacists demographic characteristics on dispensing antibiotics purchased with and without a prescription in the community pharmacies.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 24 randomly-selected community pharmacies located in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emiratesbetween March and September 2009. Data were collected through a closed-structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 17. Descriptive statistics, odds ratios, significance and 95% CI and logistic regression analyses were then used to analyze the resulting data.Results: Participating pharmacists conducted a total of 1645 antibiotic transactions (1211 [73.6%] dispensed with prescriptions versus and 434 [26.4%] without). Gender and socioeconomic status of the patients hada significant effect in acquiring antibiotics without prescription (p=0.012, p=0.001). Clarithromycin (91.5%), cefuroxime (91.3%), and co-amoxiclav(66.4%) were dispensed with prescription. Ceftriaxone (53.3%), amoxicillin (47.8%) and co-amoxiclav (33.6%) were dispensed without prescription. Dispensing of antibiotics with prescription were frequently given a 5,7, or 10 day regimen, while those without prescription were frequently given 3-7 days duration. Co-amoxiclav for sore throat was commonly dispensed without prescription. Ceftriaxone for sexually transmitted diseases was dispensed at a similar rate, both with and without prescription.Conclusions: Dispensing antibiotic without prescription is illegal and alarming. Patient interviews and interventions to improve the current prescribing pattern for both prescribers and pharmacists are highlywarranted."

"Resep adalah permintaan tertulis dari dokter, dokter gigi, atau dokter hewan kepada apoteker, baik dalam bentuk paper maupun elektronik untuk menyediakan dan menyerahkan obat bagi pasien sesuai peraturan yang berlaku. Pada Praktek Kerja Profesi Apoteker (PKPA) ini, calon Apoteker memperoleh kesempatan untuk melakukan analisis potensi interaksi dan penentuan waktu penggunaan obat dalam resep di apotek Kimia Farma No. 382 Kelapa Dua. Tugas khusus ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman calon Apoteker mengenai interaksi obat dan waktu penggunaan obat yang tepat. Pelaksanaan analisis resep dilakukan dengan cara mengambil dan memfoto resep yang telah disiapkan dan diserahkan oleh mahasiswa kepada pasien. Dari semua resep yang telah difoto kemudian dipilih resep-resep yang berisikan obat-obatan anti anti diabetes, anti hipertensi, anti kolesterol, asma, dan pengencer darah. Setelah itu dipilih 5 resep secara acak untuk kemudian dianalisis. Analisis potensi terjadinya interaksi obat dan penentuan waktu penggunaan obat yang tepat dalam resep (obat anti diabetes, anti hipertensi, anti kolesterol, asma dan pengencer darah) di Apotek Kimia Farma No. 382, telah dilakukan dengan baik. Dari kelima resep yang dianalisis terdapat tiga resep yang memiliki potensi interaksi farmakodinamik sinergis, satu resep yang memiliki interaksi farmakodinamik antagonis, dan satu resep yang memiliki interaksi farmakokinetik sinergis. Potensi interaksi tersebut dapat dicegah dengan cara meminumnya secara terpisah.

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A prescription is a written request from a doctor, dentist or veterinarian to a pharmacist, either in paper or electronic form, to provide and deliver medicine to the patient in accordance with applicable regulations. In this Pharmacist Professional Work Practice (PKPA), prospective pharmacists have the opportunity to analyze potential interactions and determine the timing of use of drugs in prescriptions at Kimia Farma Pharmacy Number 382, Kelapa Dua. This special assignment aims to increase prospective pharmacists' understanding of drug interactions and the correct time to use drugs. Prescription analysis is carried out by taking and photographing prescriptions that have been prepared and handed over by students to patients. From all the recipes that had been photographed, recipes were selected which contained anti-diabetic, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, asthma and blood thinner medicines. After that, 5 recipes were randomly selected and then analyzed. Analysis of the potential for drug interactions and determining the correct time to use prescription drugs (anti-diabetes, anti-hypertension, anti-cholesterol, asthma and blood thinners) at Kimia Farma Pharmacy Number 382, has been carried out well. Of the five recipes analyzed, there were three recipes that had potential synergistic pharmacodynamic interactions, one recipe that had antagonistic pharmacodynamic interactions, and one recipe that had synergistic pharmacokinetic interactions. This potential interaction can be prevented by drinking them separately."

"Apotek merupakan salah satu sarana pelayanan kefarmasian bagi apoteker dan tenaga kefarmasian lain. Pelayanan yang dimaksud berupa pelayanan langsung dan bertanggung jawab kepada pasien terkait sediaan farmasi yang bertujuan untuk mencapai hasil yang pasti dalam meningkatkan mutu kehidupan pasien (Kemenkes RI, 2017). Tujuan penulisan tugas khusus ini adalah agar penluis dapat memahami pelaksanaan pengkajian resep yang dilaksanakan di Apotek Roxy Pitara sesuai dengan standar yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah yaitu Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 73 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Berdasarkan analisis di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa resep pertama dan kedua tidak lengkap dalam aspek administratif. Ditemukan juga interaksi obat pada resep pertama yaitu peningkatan risiko hipoglikemia pada penggunaan Diamicron DR dan Trajenta dan pada resep kedua yaitu peningkatan risiko ulkus peptik dan pendarahan pada penggunaan Pirofel dan Prednisone secara bersamaan.

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Pharmacy is a pharmaceutical service facility for pharmacists and other pharmaceutical personnel. The service in question is in the form of direct and responsible service to patients related to pharmaceutical preparations which aim to achieve definite results in improving the quality of life of patients (RI Ministry of Health, 2017). The purpose of writing this special assignment is so that the writer can understand the implementation of the prescription review carried out at the Roxy Pitara Pharmacy in accordance with the standards set by the government, namely the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 73 of 2016 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards at Pharmacies. Based on the analysis above, it can be concluded that the first and second prescriptions were incomplete in the administrative aspect. Drug interactions were also found in the first prescription, namely an increased risk of hypoglycemia when using Diamicron DR and Trajenta and in the second prescription, an increased risk of peptic ulcer and bleeding when using Pirofel and Prednisone together."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang pandangan dokter, staf farmasi, dan staf IT di RS Awal Bros Pekanbaru mengenai pelaksanaan penggunaan resep elektronik di RS Awal Bros Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Wawancara Mendalam, dan Observasi. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembuatan resep elektronik ditentukan dari kemauan, kemampuan adaptasi dan sikap dari pengguna sistem tersebut. Komponen utama yang menunjang hal tersebut adalah kemudahan sistem yangdigunakan, kelengkapan informasi yang dibutuhkan, dan kesesuaian dengan proses/alur kerja yang berlangsung

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This study focus on the evaluation of electronic prescription utilitation at Awal Bros Hospital Pekanbaru from the doctors, pharmacy staff, and IT Staffs point ofview. This Study used qualitative study with descriptive analitycal approach. Data collection methods used are Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Indepth Interview,and Observation. Results of this study shows that the utilitation of Electronic Prescribing depends on the user?s willingness, user?s ability to adapt with thesystems, and the users attitude towrds the systems. The main component that support it are the systems that is easy to use, completeness of the information provide, and the how the systems goes along with the working proscess at the hospital."