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"ABSTRAKBerdasarkan penelitian dengan metode deskriptif terhadap polen lima jenis Eugenia yang ada di Indonesia yaitu: Eugenia aromatica (L.) Baillon, Eugenia aquea Burm. f., Eugenia malaccensis L., Eugenia jambos L., dan Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, ternyata memperlihatkan perbedaan ciri-ciri baik dari segi ukuran, tipe apertura, kerangka polen (ambit) dan tipe permukaan dinding polennya. Kesimpulan yang dapat dirumuskan dari hasil penelitian ini ialah: (1) Ciri umum kelima jenis butir polen Eugenia adalah isopolar, simetni radial, goniotreme, tricolporate dan syncolporate. (2). Klasifikasi model butir polen tersebut adalah prolate kecuali pada Eugenia cumini yaitu subprolate dan klasifikasi ukurannya adalah minuta (kecil) kecuali padaEugenia jambos yaitu media (sedang). Tipe permukaan dinding terluar butir polen adalah verrucate pada Eugenia jambos dan Eugenia aromatica, granulate pada Eugenia cumini dan Eugenia malaccensis, sampai dengan rugulate pada Eugenia aquea. (3) Penyerbukan kelima jenis Eugenia dilakukan serangga tertentu berdasarkan tipe permukaan butir polen yang terbentuk."

"Penelitian perbandingan anatomi daun, tangkai daun, dan batang, serta morfologi serbuk sari dari jenis-jenis yang mewakili 3 puak dalam Suku Malvaceae telah dilakukan di Laboratorium Taksonomi Tumbuhan Jurusan Biologi FMIPA - UI. Penelitian bersifat desktriptif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan yang menonjol pada keempat hal yang diteliti tersebut pada jenis Hibiscus mutabilis Linn, dan Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medicus (dari puak Hibisceae), Malvaviscus arboreus Cav, dan Urena lobata Linn, (dari puak Ureneae), serta Sida rhombifolia Linn, dan Abutilon striatum Dickson ex Lindl. (dari puak Malveae). Data-data ini diharapkan dapat mendukung klasifikasi Malvaceae berdasarkan morfologinya menjadi ketiga puak tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa morfologi serbuk sari mendukung pembagian Malvaceae ke dalam puak-puak yang telah dibuat, sedangkan segi anatomi, hanya memberikan ciri-ciri khusus dalam satu jenis."

"The cultivated variety of the non-native I. coccinea, Dwarf Red Coccinea @RC), is most popular and widely spread all over Thailand. However, knowledge about its pollen morphology and fertility for plant breeding purposes, is limited. This study aimed to investigate the quantity, viability and germinability of pollen grains collected from the flowers of DRC at different times on a summer day, particularly from 8 AM to 4 PM. Pollen quantity was determined using a haemacytometer while its viability and germinability were examined after staining with 1% acetocarmine and allowing the pollen to germinate on a modified agar-gelled germination medium. The pollen collected at 10 AM had the highest pollen density (53.3x104 pollen/mL) and viability percentage (72.05'/0). When these pollen were allowed to germinate on an artificial medium suppleented with various sucrose concentrations, the highest in vitro pollen germinability was found at the medium containing 10% sucrose. Hence, the best time to collect the I. coccinea, cv. 'Dwarf Red Coccinea' pollen was at 10 AM. However, further investigations are recommended on the effects of daily or hourly environmental changes particularly, ambient temperature and humidity, on the quantity and quality of harvestable pollen as well as on the pistil phenology, to develop a more complete breeding strategy for the Ixora species"

"Makalah ini merupakan publikasi pertama yang mengungapkan hasil studi palinologi pada sedimen laut berumur Perem di Timor Barat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan fosil palinomorfnya. Sebelumnya studi palinologi pernah juga dilakukan pada sedimen Perem, tetapi khusus untuk sedimen non-marin. Sebanyak 16 perconto dipilih dari bantuan yang tersingkap di sungai Lilana. Singkapan batuan ini merupakan bagian dari Formasi Bisane yang tersusun oleh perselingan serpih dan batupasir gampingan. Untuk mendapatkan kandungan fosil palinomorf, perconto diproses di laboratorium menggunakan teknik preparasi standar seperti acid maceration dan oksidasi. Studi ini menerapkan metode kuantitatif yaitu menghitung fosil palinomorf yang muncul pada setiap perconto. Studi palinologi memperlihatkan kandungan polen rendah sampai sedang yang umumnya terdiri atas striate dan non-striate bisaccates serta trilete monosaccates. Fosil index penentu umur berhasil ditemukan antara lain Protohaploxypinus samoilovichi, Lunatisporites pellucidus, Falcisporites australis, Plicatipollenites malabarensis and Cannanoropollis janakii. Berdasarkan kehadiran fosil index ini yang juga ditemukan pada sedimen non-marin, disimpulkan bahwa umur perconto batuan adalah Perem. Di sisi lain, kemunculan dinoflagelata laut Dapsilidium langii dan Veryhachim reductum ditunjang melimpahnya fosil makro chrinoids menunjukan lingkungan pengendapan laut dangkal. Hasil riset yang menarik adalah ditemukannya alga hijau Tasmanites sp. dalam jumlah cukup yang merupakan bukti kuat bahwa sedimen laut dangkal Formasi Bisane yang berumur Perem merupakan batuan induk hidrokarbon di Timor Barat."

"Penelitian bertujuan membuat pollen substitute (PS) yang disukai dan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lebah madu A. cerana. Pollen substitute dibuat dengan bahan dasar tepung kedelai dan susu skim. Pada penelitian ini A.cerana diberikan tiga macam pollen substitute, yaitu PS A (mengandung bahan dasar, Debaryomyces hansenii CR133, madu); PS B (mengandung bahan dasar, sirup gula); PS C (mengandung bahan dasar, madu). Pemberian PS selama 20 hari, dan lebah dibiarkan mencari serbuk sari dan nektar di alam. Koloni kontrol tidak diberi PS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PS yang dibuat memenuhi kriteria sebagai PS yang baik. Apis cerana menyukai PS A dan PS C dengan tingkat konsumsi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan PS B. Pemberian semua jenis PS meningkatkan keliling (0,3--4,5 cm per hari) dan jumlah honeycomb. Pada kontrol terdapat kenaikan keliling honeycomb (0,2--0,5 cm per hari), namun tidak ada penambahan jumlah honeycomb. Secara umum, lebah pekerja yang diberi PS dan kontrol mengalami kenaikan berat badan (5--56,94%).

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The research aimed to make pollen substitutes preferred by and increase the productivity of A. cerana. Basic ingredients of pollen substitutes (PS) were soy flour and skim milk. There were three types of pollen substitutes, i.e. PS A (contained basic ingredients, Debaryomyces hansenii CR133, honey); PS B (basic ingredients, sugar syrup); and PS C (basic ingredients, honey). The pollen substitutes were fed to colonies of A. cerana for 20 days, but they were allowed to forage on flowers. No PS was given to the control colonies.

The results showed that A. cerana preferred PSA and PS C to PS A. Increases of circumference and number of honeycombs were observed in colonies fed with all types of PSs (0,3--4,5 cm/day). There was an increase of the circumference of honeycombs in the control (0,2--0,5 cm/day), but there was no addition of new honeycomb. Generally, the weight of individual worker bees increased in colonies fed with PSs and control (5--56,94%)."

"Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pollen substitute (PS) mengandung biomassa C. hawaiiana CR014 terhadap jumlah larva dan pupa lebah pekerja A. mellifera. Sebagai kontrol positif koloni lebah madu diberi pakan tambahan pollen jagung. Pemberian pakan dilakukan sekali seminggu selama enam minggu pada musim kemarau. Hasil uji ANOVA satu faktor menunjukkan bahwa rerata jumlah larva yang dihasilkan per minggu pada koloni perlakuan dan koloni kontrol positif tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Begitu pula dengan rerata jumlah pupa pada koloni perlakuan dan kontrol positif per minggu tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Hasil uji T juga menunjukkan bahwa rerata jumlah larva dan pupa per minggu antara koloni perlakuan dan koloni kontrol positif tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Pemberian PS pada A. mellifera memberikan pengaruh yang hampir sama baiknya dengan pemberian pollen jagung terhadap jumlah larva dan pupa lebah pekerja A. mellifera selama periode pengamatan tujuh minggu. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa PS yang mengandung biomassa C. hawaiiana CR014 dapat menggantikan peran pollen alami sebagai sumber protein A. mellifera untuk mempertahankan produktivitas koloninya pada musim kemarau.

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The research aimed to examine the effect of pollen substitute (PS) containing Candida hawaiiana CR014 on the number of larvae and pupae of worker bees Apis mellifera. Colonies of a positive control were fed with maize?s pollen. The colonies were fed once a week for six weeks in the dry season. The one-way Anova test showed that the mean number of larvae produced per week in the treated group were not significantly difference from the positive control (P> 0,05). Similarly, the mean number of pupae produced per week in treated group and the positive control were not significantly difference (P>0,05).

The T-test showed that the mean number of larvae and pupae per week between the treated group and the positive control were not significantly difference (P>0,05). The study indicated that PS and the maize?s pollen has an almost similar effect on the number of larvae and the number of pupae of worker bees produced by the colonies during the experiment. It is concluded that PS containing C. hawaiiana CR014 might be used to replace natural pollens as a protein source to maintain productivity of A. mellifera during the dry season."

"ABSTRACTBackground: pollens from trees or grasses in Indonesia have a perennial distribution due to the tropical climate. However, pollen allergy has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of pollen IgE sensitization in respiratory allergic patients in Jakarta. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study in patients with a history of respiratory allergy in Jakarta, Indonesia between September and December 2016. Adult asthmatic patients aged 19-60 years were invited to undergo serum specific IgE testing at the Allergy and Immunology Clinic, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Patients were included if they showed at least one positive skin prick test with environmental allergens. Quantitative determination of specific IgE in serum was carried out by multiple allergosorbent (MAST) assays (Polycheck Allergy, Biocheck GmbH, Munster, Germany). Serum specific IgE levels of more than 0.35 kU/L or Class 1 was considered positive. Results: a total of 106 cases were eligible for analysis; 81 (76.4%) were women. Patients mean age was 38.8+12.1 (range 19-59) years old. 59.4% of patients have both asthma and allergic rhinitis. There are 9 (8.5%) patients positive for IgE-pollen sensitization; 8 among them showed sensitization to at least 2 pollens. Sensitivity to goosefoot pollen is the highest (5.7%), followed by rye pollen (4.7%), plantain pollen (4.7%), wall pellitory pollen (4.7%), and Bermuda grass pollen (3.8%). Conclusion: although most pollens tested are not originated from native plants to Indonesia, a small number of patients showed specific IgE-sensitizations. Allergic persons planning to travel to the endemic areas of the relevant pollen should be advised. A panel of pollen allergens from local plants is highly desired."

"Information on pollination ecology and seed dispersal aspects is essential to understand sexual reproduction in Lagascea mollis Cav. The study was aimed at providing details of pollen presentation system, pollination syndrome, pollinators and seed dispersal mode for L. mollis based mostly on field study. Paper chromatography technique was used for recording sugar and amino acid types in the nectar, since they are important to evaluate the pollination syndrome. The study indicated that L. mollis flowers during August-November. The plant produces synflorescences consisting of several capitula. Each capitulum produces a single disc floret. The plant is protandrous, temporally dioecious and exhibits secondary pollen presentation using brush mechanism to prevent autonomous selfing. The floral characteristics such as having synflorescence, narrow tubular corolla, production of sucrose-rich nectar with essential and non-essential amino acids and pollen charactersistics such as having spherical shape, tri-colpate apertures and strongly spinulose exine suggested that the plant is adapted for insect pollination. The plant is principally psychophilous. Other insects also visited the florets opportunistically and acted as supplementary pollinators. Further, thrips used this plant as breeding and feeding sites; their effect mostly geitonogamy. The fruit is an achene, anemochorous and also anthropochorous. Regeneration occurred from seeds and perennial root stock during rainy season."

"Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Pollen Substitute (PS) dan Nectar Substitute (NS) terhadap produktivitas Apis cerana, dan menganalisis kualitas madu sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia. Pemberian PS dan NS berfungsi sebagai pengganti pakan alami lebah madu, yaitu pollen dan nectar. Pollen Substitute dibuat dari biomassa basah khamir Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan NS dari sirup nanas. Pakan diberikan dengan cara mencampurkan 2 gr PS dan 50 ml NS. Pada penelitian digunakan 10 koloni lebah madu: lima koloni sebagai kontrol dan lima koloni untuk perlakuan, seluruh koloni dibiarkan tetap mencari pakan alaminya. Pollen substitute dan NS diberikan setiap hari selama 2 periode (6 minggu per periode). Produktivitas lebah madu diamati setiap periode. Analisis kualitas madu dilakukan setelah 6 minggu. Hasil pengamatan pada dua periode menunjukkan penambahan keliling sisir madu dan jumlah sisir madu pada koloni perlakuan lebih besar dibandingkan kontrol. Meskipun demikian hasil uji T menunjukkan pemberian perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap kontrol (P>0,05). Rerata kenaikan keliling sisir madu dan jumlah sisir madu berturut–turut pada koloni kontrol sebesar 37 ± 23,42 cm dan 0,75 ± 0,95 buah (periode 1); 172,5 ± 79,65 cm dan 3,5 ± 1,73 buah (periode 2). Sedangkan pada koloni yang diberi PS dan NS sebesar 52 ± 55,37 cm dan 1,25 ± 1,5 (periode I); 199,5 ± 79,41 cm dan 5 ± 2,16 buah (periode 2). Volume madu yang dihasilkan koloni perlakuan lebih banyak dibandingkan kontrol, baik pada periode 1 maupun periode 2. Hasil analisis kualitas madu kontrol dan yang diberi PS dan NS sesuai dengan SNI 8664:2018. Pemberian PS dan NS mampu mempertahankan dan meningkatkan produktivitas koloni A. cerana yaitu pada keliling sisir, jumlah sisir, volume madu, dan kekuatan koloni.

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The aims of this study were to examine the effect of pollen substitute (PS) and nectar substitute (NS) on the productivity of Apis cerana colonies and the quality of honey according to Indonesian National Standard for honey. Provision of PS and NS serves as a substitute for natural pollen and nectar. Pollen Substitute was prepared from wet biomass of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and NS from pineapple syrup. The feed were given to the colony by mixing 2 g of PS and 50 ml of NS. Ten honeybee colonies were used in this study, five colonies were used as feeding trials and five colonies as control, and they were allowed to forage on flowers. Pollen substitute and nectar substitute were provided to the colonies every day for two periods (total 12 weeks, six weeks per period). Honey quality analysis was performed after six weeks. The results of provision of PS and NS in two periods to the colonies showed the greater than the control in their increasing of honeycomb circumference and the number of honeycombs. However, the results of the T test showed that the provision of PS and NS was not significantly different from the control (P>0,05). The average increase in the honeycomb circumference and the number of honeycombs in control colonies were 37 ± 23.42 cm and 0.75 ± 0.95 pieces (period 1); 172.5 ± 79.65 cm and 3.5 ± 1.73 pieces (period 2). Meanwhile, the colonies fed on PS and NS were 52 ± 55.37 cm and 1.25 ± 1.5 (period 1); 199.5 ± 79.41 cm and 5 ± 2.16 pieces (period 2). The yield of honey produced from colonies fed on PS and NS was higher than control colonies, both in periods 1 and 2. The quality of honey produced by the colony fed on PS and NS met the criteria of the Indonesian National Standard for honey SNI 8664:2018. This study revealed that the provision of PS and NS was able to maintain and increased the productivity of A. cerana colonies, in terms of honeycomb circumference, number of honeycombs, honey yield, and colony strength.

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