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"ABSTRACTTo evaluate the degree of periodontal tissue destruction, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are utilized as a predictor of periodontal therapy. We have previously shown that the usefulness of AST activities [periodontal tissue monitor (PTM) values] using a PTM-kit to evaluate the effects of initial periodontal therapy and periodontal regeneration therapy by enamel matrix derivative (EMD). This prospective, longitudinal study was conducted using 38 healthy and 80 periodontitis sites with probing depth (PD) of 5 - 10 mm for guided tissue regeneration (GTR) and EMD from 36 patients. GCF samples were used to evaluate PTM values at base line (BL) and after 6 months of surgeries (re-evaluation: RE), and periodontal examinations were performed concurrently. PTM values at BL were statistically improved at RE, accompanied by the improvement of periodontal parameters in both groups. PTM values and PD, and the clinical attachment level (CAL) showed high correlations. PD, CAL and bleeding on probing (BOP) were highly correlated with PTM values in both groups, whereas only PD showed a significant correlation with PTM values at RE in the GTR group. Change in the amounts of PD, CAL and BOP between BL and RE in both groups showed no correlation with PTM values. In the negative PTM value sites at BL in EMD group, the mean PD was significantly reduced at RE compared with positive PTM sites at BL. PTM values are able to be utilized as the biochemical predictor of prognosis after periodontal regeneration therapy."

"Latar belakang: Terapi regenerasi jaringan periodontal pada pola kerusakan tulang alveolar horizontal selama ini belum membuahkan hasil yang memuaskan. Terapi regenerasi memerlukan scaffold, sel punca, dan signaling molecules. Scaffold dalam terapi regenerasi salah satunya yaitu kitosan. Penambahan arginylglycylaspartic acid RGD pada kitosan membantu adhesi sel. Periodontal ligament PDL cell sheet membantu regenerasi periodontal. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi efek kitosan, RGD, dan PDL cell sheet terhadap perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis pada kerusakan tulang alveolar horizontal. Metode dan Bahan: Model kerusakan tulang horizontal pada M. nemestrina dibuat dengan bur dan elastik ortodontik. Sampel dibagi empat kelompok n=8 : kitosan, kitosan RGD, kitosan PDL cell sheet, dan kitosan RGD PDL cell sheet. Peningkatan perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis dievaluasi setelah empat minggu. Hasil: Peningkatan perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis kelompok kitosan RGD PDL cell sheet 3,00 0,756 mm lebih baik dibandingkan kitosan 1,75 0,707 mm dan kitosan RGD 2,13 0,835 mm. Kesimpulan: Kelompok kitosan RGD PDL cell sheet berpotensi dapat meningkatan perlekatan jaringan periodontal klinis terbaik.

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Background: Periodontal regeneration therapy in horizontal bone defect has not been satisfactory yet. Tissue regeneration require scaffold, stem cells, and signaling molecule. One of scaffold that use in regenerative therapy is chitosan. Combination of chitosan with arginylglycylaspartic acid RGD has the ability to improve cell adhesion. Periodontal ligament PDL cell sheet has the ability to promote periodontal regeneration.

Objectives: Evaluate attachment gaining on clinical periodontal attachment using chitosan RGD, and PDL cell sheet in horizontal bone defect.

Material and Methods: The horizontal bone defect model of M. nemestrina was made using bur and orthodontic elastic. Regenerative therapy divided into four groups n 8 chitosan, chitosan RGD, chitosan PDL cell sheet, and chitosan RGD PDL cell sheet. Clinical periodontal attachment was evaluated after four weeks.

Results: Clinical periodontal attachment of chitosan RGD PDL cell sheet 3,00 0,756 mm was better than chitosan 1,75 0,707 mm and chitosan RGD 2,13 0,835 mm.

Conclusion: Chitosan RGD PDL cell sheet groups has the potential to increase clinical periodontal attachment."

"Latar Belakang: Kelebihan terapi regeneratif untuk periodontitis dengan kerusakan tulang alveolar horizontal masih belum banyak dilaporkan. Terapi regeneratif periodontitis pada kerusakan tulang alveolar horizontal dengan PDL cell sheet dengan RGD modified chitosan dilaporkan dapat meningkatkan perlekatan jaringan periodontal secara klinis. Hasil tersebut perlu ditunjang dengan menganalisis ekspresi kolagen tipe I secara histologis. Ekspresi kolagen tipe I pada tulang alveolar merupakan salah satu indikator terjadinya regenerasi jaringan periodontal. Tujuan: Menganalisis ekspresi kolagen tipe I pada tulang alveolar pasca terapi bahan regeneratif dengan RGD modified chitosan dan PDL cell sheet dengan chitosan. Metode dan Bahan: Bahan uji adalah sediaan biologis tersimpan berupa preparat jaringan tulang alveolar M.nemestrina pada kerusakan tulang horizontal setelah empat minggu terapi dengan bahan PDL cell sheet dengan RGD modified chitosan dan PDL cell sheet dengan chitosan. Ekspresi kolagen tipe 1 dievaluasi dengan teknik imunohistokimia dengan cara deparafinisasi dan rehidrasi, blocking, immunostaining, dehidrasi dan cleaning, serta mounting dan coverslip. Data area ekspresi dan intensitas warna dianalisa dengan metode grid pada ImageJ serta uji statistik menggunakan SPSS. Hasil: Median(minimum-maksimum) pewarnaan positif pada PDL cell sheet dengan RGD modified chitosan adalah 20,69(8,95-39,98), lebih kecil dari PDL cell sheet dengan chitosan 22,65(10,98-36,27). Uji statistik menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna dari kedua bahan regeneratif. Kesimpulan: Ekspresi kolagen tipe I memberikan hasil yang setara antara PDL cell sheet dengan RGD modified chitosan dan PDL cell sheet dengan chitosan.

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Background: The advantages of regenerative therapy for periodontitis with horizontal alveolar bone damage have not been widely reported. Regenerative therapy of periodontitis in horizontal alveolar bone damage with PDL cell sheet and RGD modified chitosan has been reported to increase clinical periodontal tissue attachment. These results need to be supported histologically by analyzing the expression of type I collagen. The expression of type I collagen in periodontal tissue is one of the indicator for periodontal tissue regeneration.

Objectives: Analyzing the expression of type I collagen in periodontal tissue after using regenerative therapy materials PDL cell sheet with modified RGD chitosan and PDL cell sheet with chitosan. Material and

Methods: The test materials were stored biological preparations in the form of alveolar bone tissue M.nemestrina in horizontal bone damage after four weeks ; therapy with PDL cell sheet with RGD modified chitosan and PDL cell sheet with chitosan. Collagen type 1 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry techniques with deparaffinization and rehydration, blocking, immunostaining, dehydration and cleaning, mounting and coverslip. The data of expression area and color intensity were analyzed by grid method in ImageJ and the statistic test using SPSS.

Result: The median(minimum-maximum) of positive staining on PDL cell sheet with RGD modified chitosan is 20.69(8.95-39.98), smaller than PDL cell sheet with chitosan 22.65(10.98-36.27). The statistical test showed that there were no significant differences between the two regenerative materials.

Conclusion: Type I collagen expression gave equivalent results between PDL cell sheet with RGD modified chitosan and PDL cell sheet with chitosan."