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"Traditional Indonesian housing has always made use of material from surrounding forests throughout the ageing process, and natural materials are deliberately planted and maintained to sustain the life cycle of existing traditional houses. However, along with modern development, forests and gardens are turned into agricultural land or roads, reducing the availability of replacement material. As a consequence, when housing materials start to decay and need to be replaced, prices are higher because there is insufficient raw material. For this reason, the availability of materials to maintain traditional houses has become an important issue in many areas of Indonesia. Beginning from research on traditional settlement building and the threat of extinction due to the loss of green surroundings and people’s behavior, this study also investigates the life cycle of buildings and its environmental function. Field studies were conducted to collect primary data on the condition of the natural environment, material distance, local climate data, and material characteristics. Wae Rebo was selected as a case study because the indigenous society living in that village use natural resouces (reeds) for their traditional houses, which are known as Mbaru Niang. The study concludes that maintaining a traditional building can improve the comfort of the occupants and impacts positively on the environment by increasing soil quality for land cover wider areas."

"Machining of metal matrix composites gives the reader information on machining of MMCs with a special emphasis on aluminium matrix composites. Chapter 1 provides the mechanics and modelling of chip formation for traditional machining processes. Chapter 2 is dedicated to surface integrity when machining MMCs. Chapter 3 describes the machinability aspects of MMCs. Chapter 4 contains information on traditional machining processes and chapter 5 is dedicated to the grinding of MMCs. Chapter 6 describes the dry cutting of MMCs with SiC particulate reinforcement. Finally, chapter 7 is dedicated to computational methods and optimization in the machining of MMCs."

""Strength of fibrous composites" addresses evaluation of the strength of a fibrous composite by using its constituent material properties and its fiber architecture parameters. Having gone through the book, a reader is able to predict the progressive failure behavior and ultimate strength of a fibrous laminate subjected to an arbitrary load condition in terms of the constituent fiber and matrix properties, as well as fiber geometric parameters. The book is useful to researchers and engineers working on design and analysis for composite materials.Dr. Zheng-Ming Huang is a professor at the School of Aerospace Engineering & Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, China. Mr. Ye-Xin Zhou is a PhD candidate at the department of mechanical engineering, the University of Hong Kong, China."

"This book brings together an emerging consensus on our understanding of the complex functional materials including ferroics, perovskites, multiferroics, CMR and high-temperature superconductors. The common theme is the existence of many competing ground states and frustration as a collusion of spin, charge, orbital and lattice degrees of freedom in the presence of disorder and (both dipolar and elastic) long-range forces. An important consequence of the complex unit cell and the competing interactions is that the emergent materials properties are very sensitive to external fields thus rendering these materials with highly desirable, technologically important applications enabled by cross-response."

"Perkembangan mesin industri dan kendaraan bermotor mendorong peningkatan penggunaan pelumas dan akumulasi pelumas bekas. Pelumas bekas dijadikan bahan bakar alternatif atau didaur ulang dengan teknologi konvensional menggunakan bahan B3, padahal dapat mencemari lingkungan, mengganggu kesehatan, sehingga memicu masalah sosial. Metode daur ulang sebaiknya berbasis teknologi hijau, ekonomis, ramah lingkungan, dan diterima oleh masyarakat. Indonesia kaya akan berbagai sumber daya alam. Salah satunya adalah cadas lempung. Activated bleaching earth adalah cadas lempung alami yang berasal dari formasi khusus di pegunungan Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi masalah limbah B3 pelumas bekas. Pelumas bekas dapat didaur ulang dengan metode ekstraksi menggunakan penyerap kontaminan. Penelitian ini menganalisis sifat kimia-fisika dan performa bahan alam non B3 activated bleaching earth sebelum dan setelah digunakan dalam proses daur ulang pelumas bekas menjadi base oil. Mengkaji dan mengembangkan pemanfaatan residu agar dapat meminimalisasi polutan, dan diterima masyarakat. Pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan metode penelitian eksperimen (pengujian di laboratorium) dan survei.Hasil penelitian menunjukan cara ini lebih ekonomis, mengurangi polutan, dan tidak menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan. Residu proses berkalori sekitar 5.000 kkal, dapat digunakankan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif atau penguat aspal. Abu dapat dijadikan mortar dan beton. Kesimpulannya, pelumas bekas bisa didaur ulang menjadi base oil, menggunakan cadas lempung yang berasal dari gunung Indonesia. Hasil base oil berkisar 70-79%.

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The development of industrial machinery and motor vehicles encourage increasing use of lubricants and accumulation of used lubricants. The used lubricants applied as alternative fuels or recycled using conventional technology which uses hazardous materials, whereas It will pollute the environment, affecting the health, and lead to social problems. The recycling method should be based on green technology, economical, environmentally friendly, and social acceptable. Indonesia has the rich of various natural resources. One of them is the clay rock. Activated bleaching earth was natural clay rock that's specific formation in Indonesia mountains. This research purpose is handle the hazardous waste of used lubricant. It could be recycled by extraction method using a contaminants adsorbent.

The objective of the study was analyze the chemical-physics and performance of non hazardous activated bleaching earth, a natural material before and after used in the process of recycling used lubricant to be base oil. Assess and develop the utilization of residual to minimize pollutants, and acceptable. The method used quantitative approach, with experimental research (laboratory test) and survey.

The research result shows, It was more economical, reduce pollutants, and do not cause health problems. Residue had calorific value around 5,000 kcal. It could be applied as alternative fuel or asphalt reinforcement. Ash could be mortar and concrete products. The conclusion stated, the used lubricant could be recycleabled to be base oil, using clay rock in Indonesia's mountain. The base oil result was around 70-79%."

"This book provides a comprehensive theoretical and practical review of biomimetic materials with self-healing, self-lubricating and self-cleaning properties. These three topics are closely related and constitute rapidly developing areas of study. The field of self-healing materials requires a new conceptual understanding of this biomimetic technology, which is in contrast to traditional engineering processes such as wear and fatigue. A new theoretical framework for these processes is presented based on the concept of multi-scale structure of entropy and non-equilibrium thermodynamics, together with a detailed review of the available technology. The latter includes experimental, modeling, and simulation results obtained on self-healing/lubricating/cleaning materials since their emergence in the past decade."

"Lautan merupakan sumber produk alami yang unik secara struktural yang sebagian besar terakumulasi dalam organisme hidup dimana mereka menunjukkan aktivitas farmakologis yang beragam dan sangat membantu untuk penemuan senyawa bioaktif. Namun studi mengungkapkan bahwa sumber daya alam laut ini belum sepenuhnya dieksplorasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun data senyawa kimia sebagai dasar pembuatan pangkalan data bahan alam laut. Informasi tentang sifat fisikokimia, farmakokinetika, dan aktivitas biologis dari senyawa-senyawa tersebut akan dikumpulkan dan disusun secara sistematis dalam pangkalan data yang dapat diakses oleh peneliti, ilmuwan, dan pihak terkait lainnya. Parameter sifat  fisikokimia diprediksi menggunakan aplikasi KNIME, parameter ADMET (absorpsi, distribusi, metabolisme, ekskresi, toksisitas) diprediksi menggunakan ADMETlab 2.0, dan informasi aktivitas biologis diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data dari sumber-sumber yang terpercaya, seperti jurnal ilmiah. Tinjauan ini merangkum keragaman senyawa-senyawa bioaktif yang diisolasi alga, echinodermata, fungi laut, spons, karang lunak, dan tunikata dengan keragaman struktural yang didominasi oleh senyawa alkaloid, terpenoid, dan fenolik serta merangkum fungsi biologis dari senyawa bioaktif diantaranya sebagai antikanker, antidiabetes, antibakteri, antijamur, antivirus. Harapannya dapat menjadi  sebagai sumber informasi berharga bagi penelitian lanjutan, memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang potensi dan aplikasi bahan alam laut serta peluang dalam pengembangan obat.

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The ocean is a source of structurally unique natural products most of which accumulate in living organisms where they exhibit diverse pharmacological activities and are helpful for the discovery of bioactive compounds. However, studies revealed that these marine natural resources have not been fully explored. This study aimed to compile data on chemical compounds as a basis for creating a database of marine natural materials. Information on the physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics and biological activities of these compounds will be collected and arranged systematically in a database that can be accessed by researchers, scientists and other related parties. Physicochemical property parameters were predicted using the KNIME application, ADMET parameters (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, toxicity) were predicted using ADMETlab 2.0, and biological activity information was obtained using data collection methods from reliable sources, such as scientific journals. This review summarized the diversity of bioactive compounds isolated from algae, echinoderms, marine fungi, sponges, soft corals, and tunicates with structural diversity dominated by alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds and summarized the biological activities of bioactive compounds including as anticancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral. This research is expected to be a valuable source for further research, providing a better understanding of the potential and application of marine natural ingredients as well as opportunities in drug development."