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"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai konsep pertanggungjawaban pidanadalam hukum pidana internasional dan secara spesifik membahaskonsep pertanggungjawaban individual yang diatur dalam Statuta Roma.Konsep pertanggungjawaban individual mulai dikenal dalam hukuminternasional moderen pada masa Perang Dunia II tepatnya dalamPeradilan Nuremberg, dengan menghukum individu atas kejahataninternasional. Konsep ini selanjutnya diterapkan di berbagai peradilanpidana internasional. dan mengalami perkembangan dengan munculnyakonsep pertanggungjawaban pimpinan dalam Peradilan Tokyo dankonsep Joint Criminal Enterprise dalam International Court for FormerYugoslavia (ICTY). Konsep pertanggungjawaban individual mengalamiperubahan ketika diterapkan dalam International Criminal Court (ICC)yang terlihat didalam putusan Prosecutor v. Thomas Lubanga Dyilo.Dalam putusan tersebut, majelis hakim menyatakan bahwa ThomasLubanga Dyilo bersalah atas kejahatan perang dalam perekrutan tentaraanak dan bertanggung jawab secara individu atas dasar turut melakukan(co-perpetration).

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ABSTRACTThis thesis analyzes the concept of criminal responsibility underinternational criminal law, specifically discusses the individual criminal responsibility under Rome Statute. Individual criminal responsibility was first applied during the Second World War, which was in the Nuremberg Trials. The concept punishes individual for International crimes. The concept of individual criminal responsibility was then applied in various international criminal tribunals, and has developed with the introduction of the concept of superior responsibility in International Military Tribunal for The Far East and the concept of joint criminal enterprise in International Criminal Tribunal for FormerYugoslavia. The concept of criminal responsibility has evolved in theInternational Criminal Court, as it can be seen in Prosecutor v. ThomasLubanga Dyilo Case. The trial chamber punished Thomas LubangaDyilo for the warcrime of recruiting child soldier under co-perpetration."

"ATCA restricts its jurisdiction by imposing some doctrines such as minimum contact, forum non-convenience political question, international commity and act of state doctrine. Besides that, it also ignores the international criminal law principles such as presunption of innocence, expeditious trial, equity of arms and the atendance of the suspect in the court. The existence of par im parem in habet imperium principles recognized in international law causes the decision of American Court is meaningless."

"Konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Pengadilan Pidana Internasional untuk bekas wilayah Yugoslavia di dalam kasus Tadic pada tahun 1999. Setelah kasus Tadic, konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise diterapkan di berbagai pengadilan pidana internasional dan pengadilan hybrid supranasional untuk kasus kejahatan internasional. Di Indonesia, Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana memuat konsep penyertaan, sebuah konsep yang menyerupai Joint Criminal Enterprise. Tulisan ini membahas pengertian dan perkembangan konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise, penerapan Joint Criminal Enterprise di dalam pengadilan pidana internasional dan pengadilan hybrid supranasional, serta analisis kesamaan konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise dengan konsep penyertaan menurut hukum Indonesia dan apakah konsep Joint Criminal Enterprise dapat diterapkan di dalam Pengadilan HAM di Indonesia.

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The concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise was first introduced by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the 1999 Tadic case. The concept was then applied in various international criminal tribunals and hybrid criminal courts for cases of international crimes. In Indonesia, the criminal code prescribes the concept of joint perpetration, a concept that is similar to the concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise.

This thesis discuses the definition and development of the concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise, the application of Joint Criminal Enterprise in various international criminal tribunals and hybrid criminal courts, as well as the concept of Joint Criminal Enterprise and its association with the concept of joint perpetration under Indonesian law. Finally, this thesis discusses whether Joint Criminal Enterprise can be applied in the Human Rights Court in Indonesia."

"Menyajikan Pembahasan yang sistematis tentang hukum publik internasional, yang menyangkut aspek hukum pidana internasional dan hukum administrasi internasional. di dalam buku ini dipaparkan tentang sejarah dan perkembangan, sumber dan asas dan yuridiksi hukum internasional. selain itu juga dijelaskan mengenai perjanjian/traktat, konvensi dan isu-isu pelanggaran dalam konteks hukum internasional serta penyelesaian sengketa di level internasional."