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"Kawasan reklamasi mangrove Muara Angke Kapuk merupakan kawasan reklamasi yang tidak lepas dari imbas pencemaran sampah dan limbah di sekitar Cengkareng, Jakarta. Hal tersebut terlihat dari hampir seluruh sedimen yang berada di bawah pohon mangrove tertutup oleh timbunan plastik. Meski demikian, kawasan reklamasi ini masih memiliki beragam biota, sehingga diduga lingkungan ini masih memiliki daya dukung internal, terutama nutrien dari sedimen. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji kondisi nutrien pada sedimen kawasan reklamasi mangrove. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel air poros menggunakan modifikasi cawan bertingkat pada kedalaman sedimen 0-15 cm dengan interval kedalaman 2,5 cm, serta sampel sedimen dengan menggunakan ring tanah. Sampel air poros diukur Dissolve Oxygen (DO) dan konsentrasi amoniak, nitrit, nitrat, dan fosfat. Sampel sedimen digunakan untuk memperoleh nilai porositas. Data yang diperoleh digunakan dalam pembuatan profil konsentrasi secara vertikal, analisis fluks nutrien vertikal. Analis is fluks nutrien secara vertikal dilakukan dengan bantuan software QUAL2K version 2.11. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan distribusi vertikal dan fluks nutrien yang berbeda-beda, di mana amoniak dan fosfat mengalami influx dan peningkatan seiring dengan bertambahnya kedalaman sedimen, sedangkan nitrat mengalami efflux dan penurunan konsentrasi. Penghitungan fluks nitrit yang merupakan nutrien peralihan tidak dilakukan, namun konsentrasinya mengalami penurunan setelah kedalaman 2,5 cm. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa tingginya pencemaran di permukaan tidak menghalangi proses kimia alami sehingga kawasan reklamasi tersebut masih dapat memberi dukungan nutrisi bagi biota.

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The reclaimed mangrove estuary in Muara Angke Kapuk is a reclaimed area that has not evaded the impacted of pollution and waste in the areas surrounding Cengkareng, Jakarta. This is apparent from the fact that almost all sediments under the mangrove trees are buried under heaps of plastic trash. However, the reclaimed region still has variety of organism, which indicating that the region still has an internal carrying capacity, especially nutrients from sediment. The purpose of this research was to examine the condition of sediment nutrients in this mangrove reclamation region. The research was conducted by taking water samples using a modification of the stratified cup at a sediment depth of 0-15 cm with depth intervals of 2.5 cm, and taking sediment samples using the sediment ring. Pore water samples were measured for dissolved oxygen (DO) and concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, and phosphate. Sediment samples were used to obtain porosity values. The data obtained is used to make vertical concentration profiles and analysis of vertical nutrient flux. Vertical nutrient flux analysis was performed with the aid of QUAL2K software version 2.11. The results showed different vertical distributions and flux of nutrients, where influx for ammonia and phosphate and an increase inline with increasing sediment depth, while nitrate efflux and a decreased concentration. The flux calculation of nitrite as transitory nutrient was not done, but the concentration decreased after a depth of 2.5 cm. This indicates that the high contamination on the surface does not prevent the natural chemical processes so the reclaimed region can still provide nutritional support for its organism."

"Penambahan fluks merupakan salah satu cara yang umum digunakan pada pengecoran aluminium untuk menghilangkan dan memisahkan inklusi dari aluminium cair. Pemisahan inklusi dari aluminium cair penting untuk dilakukan karena inklusi dapat menyebabkan penurunan dalam sifat mekanis yang dimiliki oleh aluminium. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan studi mengenai pengaruh penambahan cleaning flux berbasis NaCl-KCl-NaF terhadap karakteristik dari paduan aluminium. Temperatur pengecoran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 740oC dengan variasi komposisi NaF pada fluks 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, dan 20 wt% serta variasi dari massa fluks terhadap massa pengecoran pada pengecoran aluminium 0 wt%; 0,25 wt%; 0,5 wt%; 0,75 wt%; 1,0 wt%; 1,25 wt%; 1,5 wt%. Hasil dari penelitian dan studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan komposisi NaF dalam fluks berbasis NaCl-KCl-NaF akan meningkatkan kelarutan alumina. Penambahan fluks optimum adalah pada penambahan 0,75 wt% yang efektif dalam mengurangi jumlah inklusi dimana jumlah inklusi dari sekitar 17% menjadi sekitar 2%. Selain itu juga efektif dalam meningkatkan kekuatan uji tarik yaitu dari sekitar 62 MPa menjadi sekitar 181 MPa.

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ABSTRACTAdding fluxes is one of the common methods used in aluminum casting process to remove and separate inclusions from aluminum melts. Separating inclusions from aluminum melts is important because inclusions can cause a decrease of aluminum mechanical properties. This research studies the effect of cleaning flux NaCl-KCl-NaF based addition on aluminum alloy characteristics. The melting temperature used in this research is 740oC with NaF composition variation on fluxes are 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, and 20 wt% and the mass fraction variations of fluxes on melting wieght are 0 wt%; 0,25 wt%; 0,5 wt%; 0,75 wt%; 1,0 wt%; 1,25 wt%; 1,5 wt%. The results of this research and literature review shows that the increase of NaF composition on NaCl- KCl-NaF based fluxes can increase the solubility of alumina. The optimum condition of flux addition is at 0,75 wt% which is effective in reducing the inclusion percentage from about 17% to about 2%. It is also effective in elevating the tensile strength from around 62 MPa to around 181 MPa."

"Since the discovery of the radiation belt decades ago, there still remain some fundamental questions as to which one is the mechanism responsible for the acceleration of electrons. Ground-based Pc5 magnetic pulsation during the process of increasing of 2-MeV electron fluxes has been analyzed. First, a filter bandpass in the period range of 150-600 seconds has been used to localize the Pc5 waves. Second, we then applied a wavelet transform procedure, whereby the Morlet function as a mother wavelet was selected to analyze Pc5 wave packets. First, we show that dynamic pressure of solar wind controls the power of Pc5 magnetic pulsations. Second, by performing a cross-spectrum analysis of Pc5 wavelet during electron radiation belts we show that the wavelet power of Pc5 magnetic pulsations which is associated with a maximum wavelet cross spectrum show a similar change of Pc5 pulsations occurs during radiation belt events. Increasing of electron fluxes which is initiated by the presence of large power of Pc5 magnetic pulsations has been observed. This indicates that Pc5 magnetic pulsations could play a role in the acceleration and transport mechanism of the electron radiation belt. Also, 4-5 days from the beginning of increasing of electron fluxes we observed globally, a depression in the power of Pc5 magnetic pulsations as well as a monotonically decreasing of the solar wind dynamic pressure. On the other hand, during the end period of the electron belt, we also observed a sudden increasing of Pc5 power. We suggest that during the expansion periode of the outer electron radiation belt outward to interplanetary electron belt pressure that will reduce the solar wind dynamic pressure and consequently a decrease occurs in the power of Pc5 magnetic pulsation. And, in the end period of the electron radiation belt the electron fluxes back to its normal level and consequently a sudden increase of the Pc5 solar wind dynamic pressure occurs and that sudden increase also drives the sudden increasing power of Pc5 magnetic pulsations."