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"Latar Belakang. Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular dan merupakan salah satu dari 10 penyebab kematian terbanyak di dunia. Selain paru, TB dapat juga menyerang ekstraparu. Tanpa terapi, mortalitas TB sangat tinggi. Data mengenai TB ekstraparu masih sedikit di Indonesia. Tatalaksana TB ekstraparu serta hasil pengobatannya juga masih jarang diteliti.Tujuan. Mengetahui hasil pengobatan TB ekstraparu di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) yang sudah menggunakan standar pengobatan TB ekstaparu di IndonesiaDesain Penelitian. Penelitian berdesain kohort retrospektif ini dilakukan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medik pasien tuberkulosis ekstraparu pada 1 Januari 2014 - 31 Desember 2017 di RSCM.Hasil Penelitian. Dari 78 subjek penelitian yang menderita TB ekstraparu, prevalensi terbanyak adalah TB kelenjar getah bening yakni 27 subjek (34,6%). Sebanyak 62 (79,5%) subjek dinyatakan mengalami keberhasilan pengobatan dan 58 (74,4%) subjek diantaranya diobati sesuai dengan panduan. Pada analisis multivariat terdapat hubungan bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan keberhasilan pengobatan TB ekstra paru.Simpulan. Keberhasilan pengobatan TB ekstraparu di RSCM 79,5%. Pengobatan TB ekstraparu di RSCM sudah sesuai dengan panduan terapi TB ekstraparu di Indonesia 74,4%. Keberhasilan pengobatan TB Ekstraparu pada wanita lebih besar dibandingkan pria. Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease and also one of 10 prevalent causes of death worldwide. Apart from lungs, TB also affects extra-pumonar organs. Without treatment, TB mortality is very high. There are only limited data on extrapulmonary TB in Indonesia. Extrapulmonary TB treatment and the outcomes are also rarely studied.Objective. To evaluate the results of standardized extrapulmonary TB treatment in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) according to extrapulmonary TB standard treatment used in Indonesia.Methods. This is a retrospective cohort was carried out with secondary data from medical records of extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients in between January 1st 2014 - December 31st 2017 at RSCM.Results. Of the 78 subjects who suffered from extrapulmonary, the highest prevalence extrapumonary TB was lymphadenitis TB in 27 subjects (34,6%). A total of 62 subjects (79,5%) were declared cured and 58 (74,4%) subject treated according to the guidelines. There is related between gender to recovery.Conclusion. The success of extrapulmonary TB therapy at RSCM was 79,%. Extrapulmonary TB treatments at RSCM were in accordance with guidelines for extrapulmonary TB therapy in Indonesia 74,4%. The success of extrapulmonary TB treatment in women is greater than men"

"Latar belakang. Meskipun vaksin Bacille Calemette-Guerin telah menjadi program vaksinasi wajib di Indonesia, TB pada anak tetap prevalen sehingga penelitian ini akan mengevaluasi jaringan parut BCG dan hubungannya dengan kejadian TB ekstraparu (TB-EP) pada anak. Metode Penelitian. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo Kiara dengan metode potong-lintang pada populasi anak terdiagnosis TB berdasarkan kriteria WHO dan konsensus IDAI. Hasil. Sebanyak 246 pasien anak dengan jangkauan usia 2 bulan -18 tahun terdiagnosis TB. Sebesar 127 anak (51,6%) mengalami TB-EP, dengan prevalensi TB tulang, KGB dan abdomen secara berurutan 13%, 10,9%, dan 6,6%. Mayoritas pasien TB EP adalah laki-laki (55,2%) dan berada dalam kelompok usia 6-14 tahun (60%). Riwayat kontak dengan kasus TB-EP ditemukan pada 49 kasus (51,5%). Penyakit komorbid penyerta dengan mayoritas keganasan (25,6%) dan infeksi HIV (23,1%) ditemukan pada 21 kasus TB-EP (35%). Status jaringan parut BCG positif ditemukan pada 140 kasus (56,9%). Dari 106 anak tanpa jaringan parut BCG, sebanyak 38 anak (35,8%) memiliki TB paru dan sebanyak 68 anak (64,2 %) memiliki TB-EP. Tidak adanya jaringan parut BCG memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian TB-EP pada anak (p < 0.01) dengan OR: 2,457 (IK95% : 1,46 - 4,131). Kesimpulan. Tingginya kejadian TB-EP pada anak pada proporsi tanpa jaringan parut BCG berhubungan signifikan secara statistik. Upaya vaksinasi BCG yang optimal diperlukan untuk mengurangi morbiditas dan mortalitas TB-EP pada anak di Indonesia.

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Objectives. Although the Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination program is already implemented nationally, childhood TB remains prevalent particularly in Indonesia so this study will evaluate the relationship between BCG vaccination scar and extra pulmonary TB in children.

Methods. Data collection was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Kiara Hospital by cross-sectional method. Children diagnosed with TB according to WHO criteria and IDAI consensus are included in this study.

Results. A total of 246 pediatric patients with a-2 months to 18 years-age range were diagnosed with TB. Extra pulmonary TB was found in 127 children (51.6%), with the most prevalent type: bone, lymph node and abdomen TB sequentially are 13%, 10.9%, and 6.6%. The majority of patients with extrapulmonary TB are male (55.2%) and are in the age group 6-14 years (60%). History of contact with active TB cases was found in 49 out of 95 extrapulmonary cases (51.5%). Comorbidities, predominantly malignancies (25.6%) and HIV infection (23.1%), were found in 21 of 60 extrapulmonary cases (35%). BCG scar was found in 140 cases (56.9%). Of 140 children with BCG scar, 81 children (68.1%) had pulmonary TB and 59 children (42.1%) had extra-pulmonary TB. Of the 106 children without BCG scar, 38 (35.8%) had pulmonary TB and 68 (64.2%) had extra-pulmonary TB. The absence of BCG scar tissue has a significant relationship with extra-pulmonary TB incidence in children (p <0.01) with OR :2.457 (CI95% : 1.46 - 4.131).

Conclusion: The high incidence of extra-pulmonary TB in children in the proportion lacking BCG scar was statistically significant.Thus, an optimal BCG vaccination effort is required to reduce the morbidity and mortality of childhood extrapulmonary TB in Indonesia."

"BACKGROUND: there are many researches about IGRA in extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (TB), but there only few data from developing countries. This was the first research about the utility of IGRA in extrapulmonary TB performed in Indonesia as developing country with the 2nd most frequent of TB cases in the world. This study aimed to identify the advantage of IGRA examination in diagnosing extrapulmonary TB.METHODS:eighty-four patients, presumed to have extrapulmonary TB were examined with IGRA and gold standard examination. The gold standard examination was performed by histopathologic examination, and tissue smear for acid-fast bacilli.RESULTS:among 84 patients included in the study, 57 patients were tested positive with gold standard, where 50 patients among them were also tested positive with IGRA. Among 27 patients tested negative with gold standard, IGRA positive was found in 10 patients. Lymphadenitis was the most common manifestation of the extrapulmonary TB. Diagnostic test from IGRA for extrapulmonary TB found as follows: sensitivity 87,71%, specificity 63%, positive predictive value 83,33%, and negative predictive value 70,83%.CONCLUSION:IGRA could be used as supporting tool in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB. The negative result, however, does not indicate absence of TB infection"