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"Disertasi ini mengkaji etika kesantunan bertutur negative judgement pada akun fan page Facebook. Etika kesantunan bertutur diidentifikasi melalui realisasi bahasa yang terdapat di dalam tuturan-tuturan negative judgement tersebut. Terdapat beberapa konsep yang digunakan dalam analisis data dalam penelitian ini, yaitu konsep appraisal, konsep etika dasar, dan etika komunikasi. Konsep appraisal digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis tuturan negative judgement pada status akun fan page Facebook empat media massa, yaitu Kata Kita (KK), Media Oposisi (MO), Mak Lambe Turah (LT), dan Rakyat Oposisi (RO). Keempat media massa tersebut dipilih karena menyediakan data tuturan negative judgment yang melimpah yang menjadi objek kajian dalam disertasi ini. Analisis appraisal meliputi tiga tahap, yaitu analisis attitude, analisis engagement, dan analisis graduasi. Analisis attitude berfungsi untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis tuturan negative judgement yang terdapat di dalam data penelitian. Analisis engagement berfungsi untuk mengidentifikasi sumber tuturan penilaian. Analisis graduasi berfungsi mengidentifikasi derajat makna penilaian yang terdapat di dalam tuturan-tuturan tersebut. Adapun analisis etika berbahasa pada tuturan-tuturan negative judgement dilakukan berdasarkan maksim-maksim kesantunan berbahasa yang dirumuskan berdasarkan konsep etika dasar dan etika komunikasi. Dalam analisis kesantunan berbahasa, data dibagi dalam dua kategori, yaitu kepatuhan terhadap maksim kesantunan berbahasa dan pelanggaran terhadap kesantunan berbahasa. Berdasarkan hasil analisis appraisal atas data penelitian, jenis tuturan propriety (moralitas) dan tuturan capacity (kemampuan) sebagai dua jenis data terbanyak. Hal tersebut menandakan bahwa pengguna Facebook cenderung menilai moralitas dan kemampuan objek yang dinilai. Dari segi kesantunan berbahasa, data menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pengguna Facebook lebih banyak melanggar maksim kesantunan berbahasa daripada mematuhi maksim kesantunan berbahasa. Untuk mencapai simpulan akhir penelitian ini, data dari hasil analisis appraisal dan data dari hasil analisis kesantunan berbahasa dikorelasikan dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi untuk melihat korelasi antara tuturan berdasarkan jenis negative judgement dan tuturan berdasarkan kesantunan berbahasa. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan terhadap maksim kesantunan berbahasa tidak berkorelasi dengan tuturan negative judgement tersebut, sedangkan pelanggaran terhadap maksim kesantunan berbahasa berkorelasi dengan tuturan negative judgement tersebut. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tuturan-tuturan negative judgement yang disampaikan cenderung dipengaruhi oleh sikap tidak patuh terhadap nilai etika berbahasa di Facebook.

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This dissertation examines the ethics of politeness of negative judgement texts on Facebook fan page accounts. Language ethics of politeness are identified through the realization of the language contained in the speeches of negative judgement assessment. There are several concepts used in data analysis in this study, namely appraisal system, basic ethical concept, and communication ethics. The concept of appraisal is used to identify the types of negative judgement text on the facebook status from four fan page Facebook accounts mass media, namely Kata Kita (KK), Media Oposisi (MO), Mak Lambe Turah (LT), and Rakyat Oposisi (RO). The four mass media were chosen because they provide abundant negative judgment text data that became the object of study in this dissertation. Appraisal analysis consists of three stages, namely attitude analysis, engagement analysis, and graduation analysis. Attitude analysis serves to identify the types of negative judgement texts in the research data. Engagement analysis serves to identify facebook users' stance in the texts. Graduation analysis serves to identify the degree of meaning of evaluation contained in the texts. The analysis of language ethics on the negative judgement texts is conducted based on maxims of language ethics formulated based on the concept of basic ethics and communication ethics. In the process of this analysis, data is clasified into two categories, namely observances of maxims of language politeness and violations of maxims of language politeness. As the results of the study, in appraisal analysis, the result shows that the type of propriety judgement and capacity judgement are the two most types of data used in facebook accounts. This indicates that users are more likely to judge the morality and competence of the evaluated targets. In analysis of language ethics of politeness, the result shows that the average Facebook users violated maxims of language politeness rather than observed the maxims. This dissertation also used correlation analysis to see the correlation between data based on the negative judgement texts and data based on language politeness in those texts. The results shows that observance of the language politeness maxsims is not correlated with the negative judgement texts, while violations of the language politeness maxsims correlated with the negative judgement texts. This shows that negative judgement texts are more likely to be influenced by disobedience to the ethical values in communication act on Facebook. "

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