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"Penulisan ini membahas tentang pengalaman adaptasi yang dialami oleh pengguna ruang ketika berada di ruang liminal. Ruang liminal merupakan titik transisi yang menghubungkan dua area yang berbeda sehingga memiliki karakter ambigu yang membuat pengguna bisa kebingungan ketika berada di dalamnya. Penulisan ini bertujuan menjelaskan kemungkinan tindakan adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh pengguna untuk merespon kebingungan di titik-titik tertentu. Penulisan ini menggunakan kasus Stasiun MRT bundaran HI untuk menganalisis proses adaptasi pengguna melalui tindakan proses penyebaran indra ke sekitar (diffuse), meluangkan waktu sejenak untuk merenungkan kondisi (pause) dan menyatu dengan ruang (merge). Melalui penulisan ini, didapati bahwa transformasi bisa terjadi di dalam ruang liminal itu sendiri berupa tindakan proses adaptasi dalam berbagai macam gerakan dan urutannya. Hal itu bergantung pada rasa familiaritas kita yang diakibatkan faktor frekuensi dan jangka waktu pengguna dalam ruang, serta kepekaan terhadap kebutuhan pengguna dan karakter spasial ruang liminal pada tiap titik adaptasi.

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This paper discusses the experiences of adaptation encountered by users in liminal spaces. Liminal spaces serve as transitional points that connect two different areas, resulting in an ambiguous nature that can confuse users when they are inside. The purpose of this writing is to explain the possible adaptive actions taken by users to respond to confusion at specific points. The case of Bundaran HI MRT Station is used to analyze the user adaptation process through actions such as sensory diffusion to the surroundings, taking a momentary pause to reflect on the conditions, and merging with the space. Through this writing, it is found that transformations can occur within the liminal space itself through various adaptive actions and sequences of movements. This depends on our sense of familiarity, influenced by factors such as the frequency and duration of the user's presence in the space, as well as awareness of user needs and the spatial characteristics of the liminal space at each point of adaptation."

"Latar Belakang: Cedera kepala merupakan penyebab kematian paling sering pada orang dewasa muda, Dari penelitian perkiraan keluaran pasien cedera kepala sudah dapat diprediksi dalam 3 hari perawatan. Klasifikasi diffuse injury berdasarkan tomografi komputer kepala saat pertama kali datang dengan melihat sisterna mesensefalika, derajat midline shift dan ada atau tidak rnassa intrakranial operatif dapat memprediksi kematian pasien cedera kepala. Skala diffuse injury dibagi menjadi 4 subgrup, makin tinggi skala diffuse injury-nya, makin tinggi angka kematiannya.Tujuan: Menentukan derajat diffuse injury untuk memperkirakan kemungkinan kematian 3 hari pertama pasien dewasa cedera kepala sedang dan berat,Desain dan Metode: Studi dengan disain nested case control yang bersarang pada penelitian prospektif tanpa pembanding. Pasien dewasa cedera kepala derajat sedang dan berat yang mengalami kematian dini akan dimasukkan sebagai kelompok studi, sedangkan kelompok kontrol akan diambil secara random dari pasien-pasien yang tidak mengalami kematian dini.Hasil: Dari 103 subyek penelitian didapatkan 24 (23,3%) penderita mengalami CKB dan 79 (76,7%) penderita CKS. Terdapat 23 (22,3 %) penderita yang meninggal daiam 3 hari pertama. Faktor yang berpeng ruh terhadap kematian adalah SKG, diffuse injury, sisterna mesensefalika, mid/Inc shift 5 mm atau lebih, denyut nadi, frekuensi nafas, jumlah leukosit dan tekanan PC02. Hasil analisis muitivariat menunjukkan bahwa faktor resiko independen kematian 3 hari pertama adalah skala diffuse injury (p=0,005), midline shift 5 mm (p=0,000) dan denyut nadi (p=0,016).Kesimpulan: Skala diffuse injury unfavorable dapat memprediksi kematian dalam 3 hari pertama. Midline shift 5 mm sebagai komponen skala berperan sebagai faktor resiko terjadinya kematian pasien dewasa cedera kepala sedang dan berat.

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Background: Head injury is the most frequent cause of mortality in young adult. Previous studies showed that outcome of head injured patient could be predicted in the first 3 days from the on set. Classification of head injury based primarily on information gleaned from the initial computerized tomography (CT) is described. It utilizes the status of the mesencephalic cisterns, the degree ofmidiine shift in millimeters, and the presence of absence of one or more surgical masses could be predict mortality in trauma. The term `diffuse injury' is divided into four subgroups, and the higher mortality had a strong correlation with the higher scale,

Objective: To formulate prediction scale using `diffuse injury' to know the risk of moderate and severe head injury in the first 3 days.

Methods: It was cross sectional study and continued with nested case control without comparison between moderate and severe head injury patient. Patient who was died in the first 3 days were included as study group while control group has been consisted of patient who was not died in the first 3 days and selected randomly.

Result: from 103 subject, there were 24 (23,3%) severe head injury and 79 (76,7%) moderate head injury. There were 23 (22,3%) patients who was died in the first three days. Significant factor that had influence to the mortality were GCS, diffuse injury, mesencephalic cisterns, midline shift 5 mm or more, pulse rate, respiratory rate, leucocytes count and PCO2 . Multivariate analysis showed the independent risk factors to mortality in the first 3 days were diffuse injury (p=0,006), midline shift 5 mm or more (p=0,000) and pulse rate (p=0,016).

Conclusion: Diffuse injury could predict mortality in the first 3 days of head injury patient. Midline shift as one of diffuse injury components is the leading risk factor of mortality in moderate and severe head injury patients in this research."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh keberlimpahan sumber daya terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan juga melihat transparansi pemerintahan di negara-negara ASEAN antara tahun 2000 sampai 2018. Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa negara-negara yang memiliki sumber daya alam berlimpah memiliki transparansi yang lebih rendah dalam sistem pemerintahan mereka daripada negara-negara yang tidak memiliki sumber daya alam berlimpah dan negara-negara yang berlimpah sumber daya ini memiliki pertumbuhan ekonomi yang rendah. Dengan menggunakan regresi panel data fixed effect, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif dari pendapatan sumber daya alam ke transparansi, yang juga dipengaruh oleh pengeluaran pemerintah. Selain itu, pendapatan sumber daya alam mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ekonomi secara negatif juga khususnya pada pendapatan sumber daya diffuse (hasil pertanian dan ekspor makanan).

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This study analyzes the effect of the resource abundance on economic growth through government transparency on ASEAN countries between 2000 and 2018. This research proves that countries that have abundant natural resources have lower transparency in their government systems than countries that do not have abundant natural resources, and these abundant countries have low economic growth. By using fixed effect panel data regression, the results of this paper show a negative relationship from natural resource revenues to transparency, which also influenced by government spending. Furthermore, natural resource revenue negatively affects economic growth as well, particularly in diffuse resources (agricultural products and food exports)."

"Latar belakang: Respon terapi diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) sangat heterogen. Skor IPI dan subtype DLBCL berdasarkan algoritma Hans masih banyak dipakai untuk menentukan prognosis. Jumlah monosit absolut (AMC) dan Tumor microenviroment (TME)  memiliki peranan penting dalam memprediksi  terjadinya event pada DLBCL. Beberapa TME yang telah dikaji adalah tumor associated macrophage (TAM), dan tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), namun masih terdapat hasil yang kontradiktif terhadap tingkat survival pasien DLBCL yang mendapatkan regimen terapi RCHOP dalam dua tahun.Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan antara AMC,  TAM dan TIL terhadap event free survival 2 Tahun  pada  DLBCL yang mendapatkan terapi RCHOP.Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah studi kohort retrospektif dengan mengambil data rekam medis pasien dari Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) yang terdaftar sejak Januari 2014-Maret 2021. Kami mengumpulkan data demografis, hasil pemeriksaan klinis,  laboratorium, termasuk AMC, pemeriksaan radiologi dan event selama 2 tahun. Pemeriksaan CD163 dan CD8 menggunakan pewarnaan imunohistokimia antibodi dari parafin blok biopsi jaringan. Kami menganalisis nilai cut off terbaik dari AMC, CD163, dan CD8 dalam menentukan survival dua tahun dan korelasi AMC terhadap CD163 dan CD8.Hasil: Kami menganalisis sebanyak 108 pasien (52% laki-laki, 33,3% usia lebih dari enam puluh tahun). Ditemukan nilai cut off terbaik AMC, CD163, dan CD8 berturut-turut adalah 631, 23, dan 27,5%. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna berturut-turut antara AMC dan CD163 serta CD8 (r=0,577, p<0,001; r=-0,599, p<0,001). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ditemukan AMC, TAM M2 (CD163) dan TIL CD8 secara kuantitatif berhubungan dengan event free survival 2 tahun pada pasien DLBCL yang mendapatkan terapi RCHOP. Terdapat hubungan korelasi positif sedang antara AMC dengan TAM M2 (CD163),  dan hubungan korelasi negatif sedang antara AMC dengan  TIL CD8.

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Background: Response to therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is very heterogeneous. IPI scores and DLBCL subtypes based on Hans' algorithm are still widely used to determine prognosis. Absolute monocyte count (AMC) and tumor microenvironment (TME) are important in predicting events in DLBCL. Several TMEs studied are tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). However, there are still contradictory results regarding the survival rate of DLBCL patients who receive RCHOP therapy regimens within two years.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation between AMC, TAM, and TIL on 2-year event-free survival in DLBCL receiving RCHOP therapy.

Methods: This research is a retrospective cohort study by taking patient medical record data from Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) registered from January 2014-March 2021. We collected demographic data, clinical and laboratory examinations, including AMC, radiological examinations, and events for 2 years. Examine CD163 and CD8 using antibody immunohistochemical staining of paraffin tissue biopsy blocks. We analyzed the best cut-off values ​​of AMC, CD163, and CD8 in determining two-year survival and the correlation of AMC to CD163 and CD8.

Results: We analyzed 108 patients (52% male, 33.3% over sixty). It was found that the best cut-off values ​​for AMC, CD163, and CD8 were 631, 23, and 27.5%, respectively. There was a significant relationship between AMC and CD163 and CD8, respectively (r=0.577, p<0.001; r=-0.599, p<0.001). This study concluded that AMC, TAM M2 (CD163), and TIL CD8 were quantitatively associated with 2-year event-free survival in DLBCL patients receiving RCHOP therapy. A moderate positive correlation exists between AMC and TAM M2 (CD163) and a moderate negative correlation between AMC and TIL CD8."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang: disglikemia adalah keadaan intoleransi glukosa berupa peningkatan kadar gula darah yang berhubungan dengan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Seiring dengan waktu, pada akhirnya diabetes akan menimbulkan kerusakan pada target organ, salah satu yang penting adalah pada sistem organ kardiovaskular, dapat berupa penyakit jantung koroner, kardiomiopati diabetes, penyakit serebrovaskuler, dan penyakit arteri perifer. Diabetes juga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gagal jantung. Pada kardiomiopati diabetes, proses fibrosis yang masih reversibel sudah mulai terjadi bahkan ketika penderita masih asimtomatik. Pemeriksaan baku emas untuk mendeteksi terjadinya fibrosis miokard secara dini adalah pemeriksaan histopatologi jaringan miokardium melalui biopsi. Akan tetapi pemeriksaan ini sangat invasif dan tidak nyaman bagi subjek. Pemeriksaan yang kemudian berkembang adalah pencitraan menggunakan Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMRI). Akan tetapi pemeriksaan ini cukup mahal, dan tidak tersedia pada semua fasilitas kesehatan. Sementara itu, ST2 adalah penanda enzim jantung yang menggambarkan derajat proses fibrosis yang sedang terjadi pada miokard, terutama pada keadaan gagal jantung. Pemeriksaan menggunakan penanda enzim dapat menjadi alternatif dengan keuntungan lebih murah, dapat terjangkau luas dan mudah tersedia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar ST2 serum dengan fibrosis miokard interstisial pada penderita disglikemia. Metode: Pasien disglikemia yang lolos kriteria eksklusi berupa komorbid kardiovaskular akan menjalani pemeriksaan kadar ST2 serum dan T1 relaxation time menggunakan Cardiac MRI. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis hubungan antara kadar ST2 serum dan T1 relaxation time. Hasil penelitian: Sebanyak 34 pasien diikutsertakan ke dalam penelitian ini. Didapatkan kisaran nilai kadar ST2 serum antara 12.40-53.22 ng/dL (median 19.95 ng/dL). Rerata nilai T1 relaxation time didapatkan sebesar 443.39 ± 113.35 ms. Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara kadar ST2 serum dengan fibrosis diffuse miokardium (Spearman correlation r = -0,547, p < 0.01). Pada analisa multivariat hubungan antara kadar ST2 serum dan T1 relaxation time tidak dipengaruhi oleh faktor perancu yang telah ditetapkan (r = -0,44, p = 0,033). Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kadar ST2 serum berkolerasi dengan fibrosis diffuse miokardium pada populasi disglikemia.ABSTRACT Background: disglycemia is a state of glucose intolerance include increased blood sugar levels associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. Over time, eventually diabetes will cause damage to the target organ, especially the cardiovascular system, which include coronary heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of heart failure. The clinical appearance of the disease is wide ranging from asymptomatic to symptomatic heart failure. Gold standard examination to detect the occurrence of early myocardial fibrosis is histopathological examination of myocardial tissue via biopsy. However, these tests are very invasive and uncomfortable for the subject. Examination which later evolved is imaging using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). However, these tests are quite expensive, and not available at all health facilities. Meanwhile, ST2 is a cardiac enzyme marker that describes the degree of fibrosis process in the myocardium, especially in the state of heart failure. Examination using enzyme markers can be a cheaper alternative, widely accessible and readily available. Aim: Knowing the relationship between serum levels of ST2 with myocardial interstitial fibrosis in disglycemic patients. Methods: Disglycemic patients who passed from the exclusion criteria (cardiovascular comorbid), will undergo a serum ST2 levels and T1 relaxation time using cardiac MRI. Then we analyzed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time. Results: A total of 34 patients were included in this study. The range values of serum ST2 levels were between 12.40-53.22 ng/dL (median 19.95 ng/dL). The mean value of T1 relaxation time were 443.39 ± 113.35 ms. There is a significant correlation between serum levels of ST2 with diffuse myocardial fibrosis (Spearman correlation r = -0.547, p <0:01). Multivariate analysis showed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time is not influenced by confounding factors (r = -0.44, p = 0.033). Conclusion: ST2 serum levels correlates with diffuse myocardial fibrosis on disglycemic population.;Background: disglycemia is a state of glucose intolerance include increased blood sugar levels associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. Over time, eventually diabetes will cause damage to the target organ, especially the cardiovascular system, which include coronary heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of heart failure. The clinical appearance of the disease is wide ranging from asymptomatic to symptomatic heart failure. Gold standard examination to detect the occurrence of early myocardial fibrosis is histopathological examination of myocardial tissue via biopsy. However, these tests are very invasive and uncomfortable for the subject. Examination which later evolved is imaging using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). However, these tests are quite expensive, and not available at all health facilities. Meanwhile, ST2 is a cardiac enzyme marker that describes the degree of fibrosis process in the myocardium, especially in the state of heart failure. Examination using enzyme markers can be a cheaper alternative, widely accessible and readily available. Aim: Knowing the relationship between serum levels of ST2 with myocardial interstitial fibrosis in disglycemic patients. Methods: Disglycemic patients who passed from the exclusion criteria (cardiovascular comorbid), will undergo a serum ST2 levels and T1 relaxation time using cardiac MRI. Then we analyzed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time. Results: A total of 34 patients were included in this study. The range values of serum ST2 levels were between 12.40-53.22 ng/dL (median 19.95 ng/dL). The mean value of T1 relaxation time were 443.39 ± 113.35 ms. There is a significant correlation between serum levels of ST2 with diffuse myocardial fibrosis (Spearman correlation r = -0.547, p <0:01). Multivariate analysis showed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time is not influenced by confounding factors (r = -0.44, p = 0.033). Conclusion: ST2 serum levels correlates with diffuse myocardial fibrosis on disglycemic population.;Background: disglycemia is a state of glucose intolerance include increased blood sugar levels associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. Over time, eventually diabetes will cause damage to the target organ, especially the cardiovascular system, which include coronary heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of heart failure. The clinical appearance of the disease is wide ranging from asymptomatic to symptomatic heart failure. Gold standard examination to detect the occurrence of early myocardial fibrosis is histopathological examination of myocardial tissue via biopsy. However, these tests are very invasive and uncomfortable for the subject. Examination which later evolved is imaging using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). However, these tests are quite expensive, and not available at all health facilities. Meanwhile, ST2 is a cardiac enzyme marker that describes the degree of fibrosis process in the myocardium, especially in the state of heart failure. Examination using enzyme markers can be a cheaper alternative, widely accessible and readily available. Aim: Knowing the relationship between serum levels of ST2 with myocardial interstitial fibrosis in disglycemic patients. Methods: Disglycemic patients who passed from the exclusion criteria (cardiovascular comorbid), will undergo a serum ST2 levels and T1 relaxation time using cardiac MRI. Then we analyzed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time. Results: A total of 34 patients were included in this study. The range values of serum ST2 levels were between 12.40-53.22 ng/dL (median 19.95 ng/dL). The mean value of T1 relaxation time were 443.39 ± 113.35 ms. There is a significant correlation between serum levels of ST2 with diffuse myocardial fibrosis (Spearman correlation r = -0.547, p <0:01). Multivariate analysis showed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time is not influenced by confounding factors (r = -0.44, p = 0.033). Conclusion: ST2 serum levels correlates with diffuse myocardial fibrosis on disglycemic population.;Background: disglycemia is a state of glucose intolerance include increased blood sugar levels associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. Over time, eventually diabetes will cause damage to the target organ, especially the cardiovascular system, which include coronary heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of heart failure. The clinical appearance of the disease is wide ranging from asymptomatic to symptomatic heart failure. Gold standard examination to detect the occurrence of early myocardial fibrosis is histopathological examination of myocardial tissue via biopsy. However, these tests are very invasive and uncomfortable for the subject. Examination which later evolved is imaging using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). However, these tests are quite expensive, and not available at all health facilities. Meanwhile, ST2 is a cardiac enzyme marker that describes the degree of fibrosis process in the myocardium, especially in the state of heart failure. Examination using enzyme markers can be a cheaper alternative, widely accessible and readily available. Aim: Knowing the relationship between serum levels of ST2 with myocardial interstitial fibrosis in disglycemic patients. Methods: Disglycemic patients who passed from the exclusion criteria (cardiovascular comorbid), will undergo a serum ST2 levels and T1 relaxation time using cardiac MRI. Then we analyzed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time. Results: A total of 34 patients were included in this study. The range values of serum ST2 levels were between 12.40-53.22 ng/dL (median 19.95 ng/dL). The mean value of T1 relaxation time were 443.39 ± 113.35 ms. There is a significant correlation between serum levels of ST2 with diffuse myocardial fibrosis (Spearman correlation r = -0.547, p <0:01). Multivariate analysis showed the relationship between serum levels of ST2 and T1 relaxation time is not influenced by confounding factors (r = -0.44, p = 0.033). Conclusion: ST2 serum levels correlates with diffuse myocardial fibrosis on disglycemic population."

"Latar Belakang: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) merupakan limfoma tersering di Indonesia. Kemoterapi R-CHOP mempunyai risiko moderat untuk terjadinya neutropenia / demam neutropenia. Limfosit dapat menggambarkan imunitas pejamu, sedangkan neutrofil dan monosit dapat menggambarkan respons inflamasi. Belum ada penelitian yang menilai hitung jenis leukosit sebagai prediktor neutropenia akut awitan pertama pascakemoterapi R-CHOP pada pasien DLBCL.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan parameter hitung jenis leukosit sebelum kemoterapi sebagai prediktor neutropenia akut awitan pertama pascakemoterapi R-CHOP pada pasien DLBCL.Metode: Kohort retrospektif di RSUPN. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pasien DLBCL 18-60 tahun, ECOG 0-1, tanpa komorbid yang berhubungan dengan kemoterapi, yang dilakukan kemoterapi R-CHOP 3 siklus pertama tanpa profilaksis G-CSF.Hasil: Dari 95 pasien, neutropenia akut awitan pertama pascakemoterapi terjadi pada 83 (87,4%) subjek atau 83 (55,3%) siklus dari total 150 siklus kemoterapi. Demam neutropenia terjadi pada 50,6% dari awitan neutropenia. Neutropenia berat terjadi pada 34 (41,0%) siklus dari 83 episode neutropenia. Neutropenia akut awitan pertama paling sering terjadi pada 7-15 hari pascakemoterapi.Rasio neutrofil limfosit mempunyai AUROC 0,74 (IK 95% 0,6-0,82); sedangkan limfosit absolut, neutrofil absolut, monosit absolut, dan rasio limfosit monosit mempunyai AUROC <0,70. Rasio neutrofil limfosit > 4,1 dapat memprediksi neutropenia akut awitan pertama pascakemoterapi RCHOP pada pasien DLBCL (sensitivitas 71,1%; spesivisitas 64,2%; nilai duga positif 71,1%; dan nilai duga negatif 64,2%).

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Background: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in Indonesia. R-CHOP chemotherapy has a moderate risk for neutropenia / febrile neutropenia. Lymphocytes can describe host immunity, while neutrophils and monocytes can describe the inflammatory response. No study has assessed differential count of leukocytes as a predictor of the first onset acute neutropenia after R-CHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients.

Objective: To determine the relationship between differential count of leukocytes before chemotherapy as a predictor of the first onset acute neutropenia after R-CHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients.

Methods: Retrospective cohort in RSUPN. Cipto Mangunkusumo. DLBCL patients 18-60 years old, ECOG 0-1, no comorbidity related to chemotherapy. Subjects were given with the first 3 cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy without G-CSF prophylaxis.

Results: Of the 95 patients, first onset acute neutropenia after chemotherapy occurred in 83 (87.4%) subjects or 83 (55.3%) cycles of 150 chemotherapy cycles. Febrile neutropenia occurs in 50,6% of the onset of neutropenia. Severe neutropenia occurs in 34 (41.0%) cycles of 83 neutropenic episodes. The first onset of acute neutropenia is most common at 7-15 days after chemotherapy.

The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio has AUROC 0.74 (95% CI 0.65-0.82); while absolute lymphocytes, absolute neutrophils, absolute monocytes, and monocyte lymphocyte ratios have AUROC <0.70. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio > 4.1 can predict the first onset of acute neutropenia after RCHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients (sensitivity 71.1%; specificity 64.2%; positive predictive value 71.1%; negative predictive value 64.2%).

Conclusion: The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio before chemotherapy > 4.1 has moderate performance in predicting the first onset of acute neutropenia post R-CHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients. Absolute lymphocytes count, monocytes count, neutrophils count, and monocyte lymphocyte ratio cannot be used as a predictor of the first onset acute neutropenia post R-CHOP chemotherapy in DLBCL patients."

"Isolated atoms in group II-B such as zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) are chemically stable. These atoms are important in the formation of excimer. Zinc in particular has been investigated by many researchers, as Zn2 excimer holds promise because of its long lifetime and its potential as an energy-storage system. However, excimer’s benefits are based on excitation of the outermost electron. Our study confirmed the quantum dynamical condensation processes in which inner-core excitation arises due to ion-recombination between the vapor phase and the solid phase. The X-ray diffraction of the condensed structure of zinc film had included strong diffuse scattering depending on the incident energies. In this research, we produced the excited state of zinc excimer characterized by an extremely long lifetime. Intriguingly, a feature of the zinc film is that it transforms from metallic to insulative. It is thought that such a structure with this characteristic has been affected by electron spin and atomic distortion by inner-core excitation. The structure obtained in our experiment is expected to prove promising in engineering applications, such as electronics, spintronics, and batteries."

"Latar Belakang: Respon DLBCL terhadap terapi sangatlah heterogen. Algoritme Hans (ekspresi protein CD10, BCl6, MUM1 dengan cut off 30%) tidak selalu konsisten dalam memprediksi prognosis. Peran Ki 67 sebagai petanda proliferasi sel tumor sebagai faktor prognostik pada DLBCL juga masih belum diketahui secara jelas. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan ekspresi protein CD10, BCL6, MUM1, dan Ki67 secara kuantitatif dalam memprediksi event- free survival 24 bulan pasien DLBCL yang mendapatkan terapi R-CHOP. Metode: Dilakukan analisis hubungan antara antara ekspresi protein CD10, BCL6, MUM1, dan Ki67 secara kuantitatif dengan event- free survival 24 bulan pada pasien DLBCL yang mendapatkan terapi R-CHOP di RSCM pada tahun 2014-2017. Analisis sekunder juga dilakukan terhadap skor IPI dan peningkatan kadar LDH. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kohort retrospektif, menggunakan analisis kesintasan dan regresi logistik. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan kurva kesintasan yang bermakna pada ekspresi protein MUM1 dengan cut off optimal 70% pada 92 pasien. Juga didapatkan perbedaan kurva kesintasan yang bermakna pada pasien dengan kadar LDH lebih dari 3 kali nilai normal. Kombinasi peningkatan ekspresi protein MUM1 secara kuantitatif dan peningkatan kadar LDH lebih dari 3 kali nilai normal dapat memprediksi terjadinya event dalam 24 bulan pasien pada DLBCL yang mendapatkan terapi R-CHOP. Simpulan: Ekspresi protein MUM1 lebih dari atau sama dengan 70% dan kadar LDH serum lebih dari 3 kali nilai normal dapat membantu memprediksi event- free survival 24 bulan.

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Background: Treatment response in DLBCL is heterogenous. Hans algorithm (CD10, BCL6, MUM1 protein expression, cut off 30%) is not always consistent in predicting prognosis. The significance of Ki67 protein expression as prognostic factor in DLBCL is still controversial. Objective: To analyze the correlation of quantitative protein expression CD10, BCL6, MUM1, and Ki67 in predicting event-free survival at 24 months in DLBCL patients receiving R-CHOP therapy. Methods: DLBCL patients receiving R-CHOP therapy in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2014-2017 were analyzed for the correlation between quantitative protein expression CD10, BCL6, MUM1, and KI67 with event-free survival at 24 months. We also do the secondary analysis to the IPI score and the level of the lactate dehydrogenase serum. This is a retrospective study, using survival analysis and logistic regression. Results: There is significant survival difference between MUM1 expression cut-off more or equal to 70% in 92 DLBCL patients receiving R-CHOP therapy. There is also significant difference between LDH more than 3 times normal regarding survival curve. Combination of MUM1 expression and LDH serum can help predict event within 24 months. Conclusions: Quantitative protein expression MUM1 of more or equal to 70% and serum LDH more than 3 times normal can predict event-free survival at 24 months."

"Letak geografis negara Indonesia yang berada di jalur khatulistiwa membuat Indonesia memiliki potensi besar terpapar sinar matahari sepanjang tahun. Dengan potensi energi sebesar 4.8 kWh/m2/hari, Indonesia memiliki potensi 6 hingga 10 kali lebih besar untuk membangkitkan listrik melalui sel surya dibandingkan dengan negara-negara di Eropa. Oleh karena itu Indonesia perlu untuk lebih mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan energi matahari sebagai sumber energi alternatif selain minyak dan gas. Dengan tujuan untuk bisa lebih mendorong pemanfaatan energi matahari tersebut maka diperlukan data dan informasi mengenai ketersediaan energi matahari di wilayah Indonesia. Salah satunya adalah data dan informasi penentuan sudut kemiringan sel surya untuk mendapatkan potensi energi matahari yang optimal. Data dan informasi yang dimaksud adalah data dan informasi terkait meteorologi (radiasi langsung, radiasi tidak langsung, radiasi global, dan temperatur lingkungan) serta letak lokasi (lintang dan bujur) dari panel sel surya. Dengan data dan informasi tersebut, kita bisa menentukan sudut kemiringan yang optimal sehingga didapatkan energi potensial matahari yang optimal dan juga didapatkan pula desain sistem sel surya yang lebih efisien serta biaya energi yang lebih optimal.

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Indonesian position along the equator line makes Indonesia has a huge exposure of solar radiation potential throughout the year. With 4.8 kWh/m2 potential energy, compare to Europe, Indonesia has 6 to 10 times potential energy to generate electricity through solar cell system. For that purpose, Indonesia needs to further optimize the utilization of solar energy as an alternative source of energy other than oil and gas. In order to encourage the use of solar energy, data and information concerning to the availability of solar energy in Indonesia is very important. Data and information for this paper are information of meteorological data (direct radiation, diffuse radiation, global radiation, and environment temperature) and location (latitude and longitude) of Photovoltaic (PV) cell. With both data, we can determine optimum PV tilt to obtain optimum solar energy and get an efficiency of PV system with optimal energy cost."