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"ABSTRAKSkabies adalah penyakit kulit yang biasanya terdapat di lingkungan padat disertai sanitasi yang buruk. Pengobatan lini pertama skabies adalah permetrin krim yang dioleskan ke seluruh badan, namun permetrin menimbulkan rasa tidak nyaman seperti terbakar, merah dan gatal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas terapi skabies menggunakan permetrin hanya di lesi untuk mengurangi efek samping. Penelitian repeated cross sectional ini dilakukan pada semua santri yang menderita skabies di pesantren di Jakarta Timur pada bulan Maret-April 2014. Diagnosis skabies ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis dan pemeriksaan dermatologik. Santri positif skabies diinstruksikan untuk mengoleskan permethrin krim di lesi saja dan empat minggu kemudian dinilai angka kesembuhannya. Data dianalisis menggunakan SPSS versi 20 dan diuji dengan chi square. Terdapat 44 dari santri positif skabies; 41 santri laki-laki dan perempuan. Uji chi-square menunjukkan yang berarti ada perbedaan bermakna prevalensi skabies pada santri laki-laki dan perempuan. Sebanyak 40 santri sembuh dari skabies (angka kesembuhan Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara tingkat kesembuhan skabies pada santri laki-laki dan perempuan (chi square Disimpulkan permetrin krim 5% yang dioleskan hanya di lesi efektif mengobati skabies dengan angka kesembuhan

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ABSTRACTScabies is infectious skin diseases that usually occurs in overcrowded places with bad sanitation. First line drug used for the treatment of scabies is permethrin cream applied to the whole body. However application of permethrin cream to whole body causes a discomfort to the patient as well as a lot of side effects, such as burning sensation, pruritus and redness. Objective of this research is to evaluate effectiveness of scabies treatment using permethrin in lesion only application. This repeated cross-sectional study is done in a pesantren in East Jakarta on March April 2014. Diagnosis of scabies is done from anamnesis and dermatological examination. Students with positive scabies infection are instructed to use permethrin cream to the lesion only and four weeks later are evaluated from the cure rate of the disease. The data is then analyze using SPSS 20 and tested with chi square test It is found that 44 out of 188 students are scabies positive 41 students are male and 3 are female. Using chi square test which means that there is a significant difference in the prevalence of scabies in male and female students From the second evaluation it is found that 40 students are treated from scabies There is no significant difference between the cure rate of permethrin amongst male and female student in this pesantren In conclusion, permethrin cream when applied to the lesion only is effective to treat scabies with cure rate of "

"ABSTRAKSkabies adalah penyakit kulit menular yang disebabkan oleh parasit mikroskopis, Sarcoptes scabiei. Hunian yang padat dan kebiasaan buruk mengenai kebersihan adalah faktor predisposisi penyakit skabies. Saat ini, pengobatan metode standar adalah aplikasi permethrin 5% krim ke seluruh tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas permethrin 5% terapi standar terhadap murid pesantren yang memiliki kebiasaan berwudhu lima kali sehari serta padat hunian dengan menghitung angka kesembuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sebuah pesantren yang terletak di Jakarta Selatan dari bulan Juli 2013 sampai September 2013 dengan metode desain eksperimen. Subyek yang positif scabies diobati dengan krim permetrin 5% yang dioleskan ke seluruh tubuh lalu dibersihkan (mandi memakai sabun) setelah 10 jam. Pengobatan dinilai efektif jika angka kesembuhan pada minggu ke-4 lebih dari 90%. Evaluasi pengobatan dilakukan pada minggu ke-4 dan ke-5. Dari 98 murid yang diperiksa, 67 (68,4%) orang mengidap scabies dengan lokasi lesi paling sering di bokong (75,6%). Evaluasi pada mingguke-4 menunjukkan, angka kesembuhan 90% dan minggu ke-5 adalah93,3%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada angka kesembuhan minggu ke-4 dan ke-5 (McNemar, p=0,025). Disimpulkan bahwa krim permetrin 5% yang dioleskan dengan metode standar efektif untuk mengobati skabies.

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ABSTRACTScabies is a contagious skin disease that caused by microscopic mite, known as Sarcoptes scabiei. Overpopulated places followed by unhygienic behavior are predisposing factors to develop scabies infestation. The current standard treatment is topical permethrin 5% cream that applied over the body despite the area of the lesion. In this study, the aim is to assess the effectiveness of permethrin 5% standard treatment in Islamic boarding school students who have habit of ablution five times a day and living in a crowd by calculating the cure rate. It was conducted in an Islamic boarding school in South Jakarta from July 2013 until September 2013. Experimental design was used. Subjects with scabies were given the standard treatment and should be washed (shower and soap was used) after 10 hours. Treatment is considered effective if the cure rate on week IV is equal to or >90%. Evaluation was done on week IV and week IV. Out of 98 examined students, 67 (68.4%) of them were scabies positive with bottom as the most frequent affected area (75.6%). On week IV and week V, most of them were cured with cure rate of 90.0% and 93.3% respectively. However, there is no significant difference (McNemar, p=0.625) between the cure rate on week IV or week V. In conclusion, permethrin 5% cream standard treatment is effective in curing scabies."

"Albendazol 400mg dosis tunggal adalah antelmintik yang direkomendasikan WHO untuk memberantas STH, namun obat tersebut hanya efektif untuk memberantas Ascaris lumbricoides dan tidak efektif terhadap trikuriasis sehingga dosis perlu ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas albendazol 400mg triple dose dalam pengobatan infeksi cacing usus pada anak berusia 1-15 tahun di desa Perobatang, Sumba Barat Daya. Desain penelitian adalah pre-post study. Data diambil dua kali, yaitu pada 12 Juli 2016 dan 26 Juli 2016. Orang tua subjek/subjek diminta untuk mengumpulkan feses, kemudian dibuat sediaan kato katz dan sampel feses diperiksa secara mikroskopis. Subjek yang positif diberikan albendazol triple dose dan sampel feses diperiksa kembali untuk mengetahui cure rate CR dan egg reduction rate ERR dua minggu setelah intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 246 sampel, didapatkan 192 anak 78 positif STH dan turun menjadi 66 anak 27 setelah intervensi. Pengobatan albendazol triple dose efektif untuk mengobati infeksi cacing tambang sebanyak 24 anak yang terinfeksi cacing tambang seluruhnya sembuh dan A.lumbricoides CR = 97 ; ERR = 100 , tetapi kurang efektif untuk infeksi T.trichiura CR=61 dan ERR= 91 . Meskipun demikian, rerata hitung telur T.trichiura sebelum dan dua minggu setelah pengobatan menurun secara bermakna uji Wilcoxon.

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Single dose albendazole 400 mg is an anthelmintic which is recommended by WHO to eliminate the STH infection. However, it is only effective to eliminate Ascaris lumbricoides, but ineffective against trichuriasis thus, the dosage needs to be increased. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of triple dose albendazole 400mg in eliminating the intestinal helminth infections on children aged 1 ndash 15 years in Perobatang village, Southwest Sumba. This study was designed as a pre post study. Data were collected twice on 12th July 2016 and 26th July 2016. Subjects or their parents were asked to collect the stool, then the stool samples were examined using the Kato Katz method for microscopic examination. Subjects infected with STH were given albendazole triple dose and their stool samples were collected again to determine the cure rate CR and egg reduction rate ERR at 2 week post treatment. As much as 246 subjects were conducted, 192 of them 78 were positive with STH infections and decrease to 66 subjects 27 after treatment. Treatment with albendazole triple dose was effective against hookworm all the 24 samples with hookworm infection was entirely cured and A. lumbricoides CR 97 ERR 99.98 , while albendazole triple dose was still ineffective against T.trichiura CR 61 and ERR 90.87 although the wilcoxon test for T.trichiura showed a significant reduction egg count epg before and 2 week after treatment p 0.001 . Overall, the infection rate at 2 week after treatment decreased significantly McNemar test, p 0,001 . It can be concluded that the triple dose albendazole 400mg is effective against ascariasis, but ineffective against trichuriasis. Further research is required to adjust the dosage or to consider using another anthelmintic to enhance the effectiveness in eliminating trichuriasis."

"Latar belakang: Skabies adalah penyakit kulit akibat infestasi ektoparasit berupa tungau Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Transmisi terjadi melalui kontak kulit secara langsung dan kontak dengan fomite. Risiko penularan skabies tinggi di komunitas yang tinggal bersama, contohnya asrama, pondok pesantren, panti jompo, dll. Prinsip tata laksana skabies meliputi penggunaan skabisid untuk pasien dan narakontak secara serempak. Sediaan permetrin merupakan pilihan utama, dengan tingkat kesembuhan 61,1% pada hari ketujuh. Blacksoap® adalah produk sabun yang diakui sebagai pendamping terapi skabies. Sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian mengenai efektivitas dan efek samping penggunaan Blacksoap®.Tujuan: Membandingkan proporsi kesembuhan skabies dan efek samping pada kelompok yang mendapatkan kombinasi krim permetrin dan Blacksoap® dan kelompok yang mendapatkan kombinasi krim permetrin dan sabun bayi; membandingkan skor VAS gatal dan TEWL sebelum dan sesudah pemberian terapi pada kedua kelompok.Metode: Sebuah uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal dilakukan di Pondok Pesantren Al Islami, Cibinong, Bogor pada September hingga Oktober 2018. Terdapat 78 orang santri yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian, tetapi hanya 69 subjek penelitian (SP) menyelesaikan penelitian. Alokasi kelompok dilakukan secara cluster randomization berdasar tempat tinggal. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan krim permetrin 5% dan Blacksoap®, sedangkan kelompok kontrol mendapatkan krim permetrin 5% dan sabun bayi. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kerokan kulit, skor VAS gatal dan TEWL. Subjek penelitian kemudian di follow-up pada minggu ke-1 dan minggu ke-4 untuk menilai kesembuhan, skor VAS gatal, TEWL, dan efek samping pengobatan. 

Hasil: a minggu pertama lebih rendah dibanding kelompok kontrol (75% vs. 81,1%), proporsi kesembuhan kelompok intervensi pada minggu ke-4 lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok kontrol (96,9% vs. 91,9%). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna skor VAS gatal pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol pada minggu ke-1 (p=0,793) dan minggu ke-4 (p=0,123). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna median dan perubahan skor TEWL pada kelompok kontrol dan intervensi pada minggu ke-1 dan minggu ke-4.  Tidak terdapat perbedaan efek samping bermakna pada kedua kelompok.

Kesimpulan: Efektivitas pengobatan skabies sebanding antara penambahan atau tanpa Blacksoap®. Perbaikan skor VAS dan TEWL, serta efek samping penambahan Blacksoap® sebanding dengan tanpa Blacksoap®.

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Background: Scabies is a skin disease due to ectoparasitic infestation in the form of Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Transmission occurs through direct skin contact and contact with fomite. The transmission risk is high among communities living together, such as dormitories, boarding schools, nursing homes, etc. The principles of scabies management include the use of scabicide for patients and close contact simultaneously. Permethrin cream is the first line therapy, with a cure rate of 61.1% on the seventh day. Blacksoap® is a soap product which is recognized as an adjuvant to scabies therapy. Until now there has been no research on the effectiveness and side effects of using Blacksoap®.

Objectives: To compare the cure rate of scabies treatment with standard therapy with and without Blacksoap®, to compare itch intensity using visual analogue scale (VAS) score and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) score before and after receiving therapy between two groups, and to evaluate the side effects of the therapy.

Methods: A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in Cibinong, Bogor, from September to October 2018. A total of 78 students were eligible for the study's criteria. In the end, there were only 69 samples finished the study. Cluster randomization was done to allocate the samples. Intervention group obtained standard therapy and Blacksoap®, meanwhile control group obtained standard therapy and baby soap. Skin scrapings, pruritus VAS score and TEWL score were assessed. Follow up was done on 1st and 4th week to assess the cure rate, pruritus VAS score, TEWL score and the side effect of therapy.

Results: The cure rate of intervention group was lower compared to that of control group on the first week (75% vs. 81,1%). The cure rate of intervention group is higher compared to that of control group on the fourth week (96,9% vs. 91,9%).  There is no significant difference of pruritus VAS score and TEWL score between two groups on the first and fourth week. There is no significant difference of side effects between two group on the first and forth week.

Conclusion: The effectiveness of scabies treatment was similar between standard therapy with or without Blacksoap®. Decrease of VAS, TEWL score and side effects were similar between two groups on the first and fourth week."