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"Tujuan Millennium Development Goals keempat adalah menurunkan angka kematian bayi baru lahir. Ibu yang tidak percaya diri menghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi tersebut. Penelitian fenomenologi pada Sembilan partisipan ini bertujuan memperoleh gambaran tentang pengalaman ibu merawat bayi prematur di rumah. Pengumpulan data menggunakan indepth interview. Hasil analisa tematik didapatkan tujuh tema yaitu kondisi stres ibu terhadap penampilan bayi, kekhususan merawat bayi, dukungan terhadap ibu, kesulitan yang dialami ketika merawat bayi, kebahagiaan merawat bayi, kebutuhan ibu merawat bayi, dan harapan ibu dengan bayi prematur. Disarankan ibu mendapat dukungan sosial selama merawat bayi prematur dirumah dan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait dengan stres dan koping pada ibu dengan bayi prematur.

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The fourth goal of Millennium Development Goals is to reduce mortality of newborns. Mothers who do not feel confident in caring the babies will hamper the growth and development of the babies. This study is phenomenological on the nine participants. This study aims to gain an overview of the experience of mothers in caring premature babies at home. Data were collected using indepth interviews. The results of thematic analysis got seven themes, namely the mother's stress on the appearance of the baby, specificity for babies care, support to mothers, the difficulties experienced when caring for babies, the joy of caring for babies, premature baby care needs, and expectations of mothers to the premature baby. Recommended for mothers to have social support in caring for a premature baby at home. The further researches related to stress and coping in mothers with premature babies are needed."

"ABSTRAKDisertasi ini membahas pengaruh asfiksia pada bayi prematur terhadap kualitas hidup anak usia 2-4 tahun, dengan desain kohort retrospektif. Data asfiksia diperoleh dari catatan medik RSUP Dr. Sardjito, sedangkan kualitas hidup anak dinilai menggunakan PedsQL. Analisis data menggunakan regresi cox.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh asfiksia terhadap kualitas hidup anak dengan RR: 2,2 (CI: 1.19-4.08). Asfiksia berpengaruh pada fungsi fisik dengan RR: 2,4 (CI: 1.33-4.36) dan fungsi sosial RR: 2,4 (CI: 1.36-4.15) tetapi tidak bermakna pada fungsi emosi RR: 1.4 (CI: 0.86-2.29) dan fungsi sekolah RR: 1.2 (CI: 0.63-2.31).

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ABSTRACT

This dissertation discusses the association of asphyxia in premature infants to the quality of life of children aged 2-4 years with retrospective cohort design. Asphyxia data were obtained from the medical records of Dr. Sardjito hospital, while the quality of life of children data were assessed using PedsQL. Data were analyzed using Cox regression.

The results of study showed strong association of asphyxia to the quality of life of children with RR: 2.2 (CI: 1:19 to 4:08). Risk of asphyxia effects on physical function was RR: 2.4 (CI: 1:33 to 4:36) and on social functioning was RR: 2.4 (CI: 1:36 to 4:15). However, the risk was not significant to the emotional function with RR: 1.4 (CI: 0.86-2.29 ) and school functions RR: 1.2 (CI: 0.63-2.31)."

"Karya ilmiah ini merupakan analisis pelaksanaan praktik residensi keperawatan anak selama dua semester. Kegiatan utama yang dilakukan antara lain memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur dan praktik keperawatan berbasis pembuktian. Asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur menggunakan teori comfort Kolcaba. Diagnosis keperawatan yang sering muncul pada bayi prematur adalah nyeri prosedural, gangguan termoregulasi, nutrisi kurang dari kebutuhan tubuh dan risiko infeksi. Intervensi dengan teknik mengukur kenyamanan, edukasi pada orangtua, dan melalui tindakan menenangkan jiwa. Praktik keperawatan berbasis pembuktian dilakukan melalui facilitated tucking disertai "hadir-berbicara" untuk menurunkan skor nyeri prosedural. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berbasis teori comfort Kolcaba efektif untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan. Disarankan agar teori comfort Kolcaba dapat diterapkan dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur.

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This scientific paper is an analysis of the implementation of pediatric nursing practice residency during two semesters. Main activities were providing nursing care to premature`s infant and doing evidence based nursing practice. Nursing care had been premature`s infant using a Kolcaba comfort`s theory. Nursing problem usually occured in premature`s infant were acute procedural pain, ineffective thermoregulation, imbalanced nutrition: less than body, risk for infection. Intervention done by technical comfort measures, parent`s coaching, and comfort food the soul. Evidence done by doing facilitated tucking and "talking to-being with" to decrease score of acute procedural pain. The result showed the evidence based on Kolcaba comfort`s theory effective to increase comfort. It is suggested that Kolcaba comfort`s theory can applied in the provision of nursing care to premature`s infant."

"Intoleransi minum merupakan masalah yang umum terjadi pada bayi prematur Tujuan penulisan Karya Ilmiah Akhir ini adalah memberikan gambaran penerapan Model Konservasi Levine pada bayi prematur dengan intoleransi minum dan gambaran pelaksanaan Praktik Residensi Keperawatan Anak Model Konservasi Levine berfokus pada peningkatan adaptasi melalui prinsip konservasi untuk mencapai integritas diri Penerapan Model Konservasi Levine tertuang dalam lima kasus terpilih Pada lima kasus terpilih tersebut ditemukan masalah gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi yang disebabkan oleh intoleransi minum Adapun masalah keperawatan lainnya adalah bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif gangguan pola napas gangguan termoregulasi risiko infeksi risiko gangguan perkembangan dan gangguan proses keluarga Masalah masalah tersebut dapat memperberat intoleransi minum dan menghambat proses pemulihan pada bayi prematur Asuhan keperawatan pada kasus terpilih diberikan oleh residen dengan melaksanakan perannya sebagai pemberi asuhan pendidik konsultan koordinator pengambil keputusan etik legal dan sebagai peneliti.

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Feeding intolerance is a common problem in premature infants The purpose of this Final Scientific Work is to describe the application of Levine Conservation Model in preterm infants with feeding intolerance and the implementation of Pediatric Nursing Residency Practice Levine Conservation Model focuses on the adaptation improvement through conservation principles to achieve wholeness Levine Conservation Model was implemented in five selected cases In the five selected cases there was a nutritional intake problem caused by feeding intolerance The other problems were ineffective airway clearance ineffective breathing pattern ineffective thermoregulation risk for infection risk for developmental disorder and altered family process These problems can aggravate the feeding intolerance and inhibit the healing process of premature infants The nursing care to selected cases was given by the resident by implementing the roles as a caregiver an educator a consultant a coordinator an ethical and legal decision maker and a researcher"

"Infeksi adalah invasi mikroorganisme ke dalam tubuh Istilah sepsis digunakan untuk menggambarkan respon sistemik neonatus terhadap infeksi Kelahiran prematur merupakan faktor risiko yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian sepsis Tujuan karya ilmiah ini adalah memberi gambaran aplikasi Model Konservasi Levine pada bayi prematur dengan masalah risiko infeksi Asuhan keperawatan pada kasus kelolaan tersangka sepsis neonatorum awitan dini SNAD menggunakan 4 prinsip konservasi Empat dari 5 bayi mampu beradaptasi dengan lingkungan ekstrauteri penyakit dan pengobatan sehingga tercapai suatu keutuhan diri wholeness Perawat profesional perlu memahami pola klinis bayi prematur yang berisiko mengalami sepsis dan dapat memberikan asuhan keperawatan yang tepat dan cepat Kata Kunci Bayi prematur Sepsis Keperawatan dan Model Konservasi Levine.

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Infection is the invasion of microorganisms into the body The term sepsis is often used to describe the neonatal systemic response to infection Preterm birth is a significant risk factor associated with the incidence of sepsis The purpose of this final scientific report is illustrates the application of Levine rsquo s Conservation Model in preterm infants with infection risk issues Nursing care in the management preterm infant in the diagnosis with suspected early onset neonatal sepsis EOS used four conservation principles Four of five neonates were capable to adapt to extrauterine environment disease and treatment in order to reach wholeness Professional nurse have to understand the clinical pattern of preterm infants sepsis experience and provide an accurate nursing care fastly."

"Intoleransi minum merupakan masalah yang umum terjadi pada bayi prematur. Tujuan penulisan Karya Ilmiah Akhir ini adalah memberikan gambaran penerapan Model Konservasi Levine pada bayi prematur dengan intoleransi minum dan gambaran pelaksanaan Praktik Residensi Keperawatan Anak. Model Konservasi Levine berfokus pada peningkatan adaptasi melalui prinsip konservasi untuk mencapai integritas diri. Penerapan Model Konservasi Levine tertuang dalam lima kasus terpilih. Pada lima kasus terpilih tersebut ditemukan masalah gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi yang disebabkan oleh intoleransi minum. Adapun masalah keperawatan lainnya adalah bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif, gangguan pola napas, gangguan termoregulasi, risiko infeksi, risiko gangguan perkembangan dan gangguan proses keluarga. Masalah-masalah tersebut dapat memperberat intoleransi minum dan menghambat proses pemulihan pada bayi prematur. Asuhan keperawatan pada kasus terpilih diberikan oleh residen dengan melaksanakan perannya sebagai pemberi asuhan, pendidik, konsultan, koordinator, pengambil keputusan etik, legal, dan sebagai peneliti.

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Feeding intolerance is a common problem in premature infants. The purpose of this Final Scientific Work is to describe the application of Levine Conservation Model in preterm infants with feeding intolerance and the implementation of Pediatric Nursing Residency Practice. Levine Conservation Model focuses on the adaptation improvement through conservation principles to achieve wholeness. Levine Conservation Model was implemented in five selected cases. In the five selected cases, there was a nutritional intake problem caused by feeding intolerance. The other problems were ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern, ineffective thermoregulation, risk for infection, risk for developmental disorder and altered family process. These problems can aggravate the feeding intolerance and inhibit the healing process of premature infants. The nursing care to selected cases was given by the resident by implementing the roles as a caregiver, an educator, a consultant, a coordinator, an ethical and legal decision maker, and a researcher."

"Latar belakang: Bayi prematur rentan kekurangan zat besi karena cadangan besi ibu rendah, kebutuhan besi untuk pertumbuhan dan pengambilan sampel laboratorium. Risiko tersebut meningkat saat bayi prematur berusia 2 bulan. Kecukupan zat besi tubuh dinilai dengan kadar feritin, besi serum (SI), saturasi transferin (Tfsat), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) dan Hb.Tujuan: Mengetahui profil besi pada bayi prematur usia kronologis 2 bulan.Metode: Studi potong lintang dilakukan terhadap bayi usia 2 bulan yang lahir usia gestasi (UG) 32-36 minggu saat berkunjung ke klinik tumbuh kembang. Pemeriksaan darah tepi lengkap, apusan darah tepi, SI, TIBC, Tfsat dan feritin dilakukan pada sampel darah vena. Data lain diperoleh dari wawancara dan telaah rekam medik.Hasil : Studi diikuti oleh 83 subjek yang terdiri dari 51% lelaki dan 93% lahir dari ibu berusia >20 tahun. Berat lahir terkecil adalah 1.180 g dan terbesar adalah 2.550 g. Prevalens ADB sebesar 6% dan DB sebesar 10%. Subjek ADB memiliki kadar Hb terendah 6,8 g/dL dan feritin terendah 8,6 ng/mL. Median kadar SI adalah 48 μg/dL; TIBC 329 μg/dL dan Tfsat 17%. Bayi ADB sebagian besar lelaki (5/5), kenaikan BB ≥2x berat lahir (4/5), tidak disuplementasi besi (3/5), latar belakang pendidikan ibu rendah (3/5) dan golongan sosial-ekonomi rendah- menengah ke bawah (3/5).Simpulan: Prevalens ADB sebesar 6% dan DB sebesar 10%. Sebagian besar subjek yang mengalami DB dan ADB memiliki kadar SI, Tfsat dan feritin rendah serta TIBC meningkat. Subjek lelaki dengan kenaikan BB ≥2x berat lahir, tidak disuplementasi besi, latar belakang pendidikan ibu rendah dan golongan sosial ekonomi rendah-menengah ke bawah lebih banyak yang mengalami ADB.

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Background: Preterm infants are vulnerable to iron deficiency (ID) due to lack of maternal iron stores, phlebotomy and increasing demand during growth. Risk of ID increases when hemoglobin (Hb) level started to decrease at 2 months of age. Iron body adequacy is measured by examining feritin, serum iron (SI), transferrin saturation, total iron binding capcity (TIBC) and Hb.Objective: To describe iron profile in preterm infants at 2 months of chronological age (CA).Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to 2 months old infants born at 32-36 gestational age visiting Growth and Development Clinics. Parents interview and medical record review were taken at visit. Complete blood count, blood smear, SI, TIBC, Tfsat and ferritin level were performed.Results: Eighty three subjects were enrolled in this study. Mostly were male (51%) and born from mother >20 years old (93%). The lowest birth weight was 1,180 g and the highest was 2,550 g. Prevalence of IDA is 6% and ID is 10%. The lowest Hb level found in IDA infants was 6.8 g/dL and ferritin level was 8.6 ng/mL. Median of SI level was 48 μg/dL; TIBC 329 μg/dL; and Tfsat 17. Subjects with IDA were mostly men (5/5), achieved more than twice birth weight (4/5), non-iron supplemented (3/5), born from low education background mother (3/5) and has low socio-economic status (3/5).Conclusions: Prevalence of IDA is 6% and ID is 10%. Most subjects with ID and IDA have low SI, high TIBC, low Tfsat and low ferritin level. Male subjects who weigh ≥twice birth weight, non-iron supplemented, born form low educational background and socioeconomic status mother were mostly suffer from IDA."

"Salah satu masalah yang dialami bayi prematur yaitu hipotermia dan dapatberdampak pada kematian bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan lampu sorot dan PMK terhadap suhu tubuh bayi prematur di ruang Peristi RSUD Dr. Soesilo Slawi. Desain penelian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu quasi experiment dengan pre-post test without control grup design pada 14 bayi prematur dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan paired t test. Penelitian menujukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara selisih rerata suhu tubuh pada intervensi lampu sorot dan PMK yaitu pada intervensi lampu sorot 0,11°C dan intervensi PMK yaitu 0,65°C sehingga dapat disimpulkan PMK lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan suhu dibandingkan lampu sorot. Berdasarkan hasil ini maka PMK dapat direkomendasikan menjadi salah satu alternatif asuhan keperawatan dalam mengatasi suhu tubuh pada bayi prematur.

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One of the problems experienced by premature infant is hipothermia may have an impact on mortality. This study aimsed to analyze the effectiveness of the incandescent lamps and KangarooMother Care for the body temperature in premature infant. The study was quasi experimental with pre-post test without control group design consisted of 14 premature infants taken by consecutive sampling. Analysis result using paired t test showes significant difference in mean body temperature of incandescent lamps is 0,11 ° C and intervention KMC is 0.65 ° C so that it can be concluded KMC is more effective to increased the body temperature than incandescent lamps. Recommendation for the nursing care is KMC can be an alternative for nursing care in dealing with body temperature in preterm infants."

"ABSTRAKBayi prematur sangat sensitif terhadap stimulus nyeri. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah menganalisis efektivitas penerapan asuhan keperawatan pada bayi dengan gangguan pemenuhan kebutuhan kenyamanan melalui intervensi stimulasi multisensori menggunakan model Comfort Kolcaba di ruang perinatologi. Lima kasus terpilih menunjukkan terjadinya gangguan kenyamanan dan nyeri akut pada bayi prematur akibat terpapar dengan prosedur invasif. Intervensi dilakukan dengan mengkaji skor nyeri, pemberian stimulasi multisensori, serta perlibatan orang tua dalam intervensi melalui sentuhan dan kontak kulit ke kulit. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan evidence based nursing melalui tindakan stimulasi multisensori dilakukan untuk menurunkan skor nyeri. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa intervensi berbasis teori Comfort Kolcaba efektif untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan. Disarankan agar teori Comfort Kolcaba dapat diterapkan dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur.

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ABSTRACTPremature infants are particularly sensitive to pain stimulus. The purpose of this case study is to analyze the effectiveness of nursing care in infants with impaired fulfillment of comfort through multisensory stimulation intervention in the perinatology room using Comfort Kolcaba model. Five cases selected show disruption of comfort and acute pain in preterm infants from exposure to invasive procedures. The intervention is done by assessing pain scores, multisensory stimulation, as well as the involvement of parents in the intervention through touch and skin-to-skin contact. Nursing interventions based on evidence based nursing through multisensory stimulation measures taken to decrease the pain score. The results show that the theory-based intervention Comfort Kolcaba effective to increase comfort. Application of Comfort Kolcaba theory can be applied in the provision of nursing care in premature infants. ;;"