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"Avicennia marina is one species used for building coastal ecosystem stabilization in Surabaya shores because of its tolerance to high salinity level and resistance to wave energy. Their existence is threatened by various factors i.e. land conversion, pollution and interisland bridge existence.  Growth of A. marina is currently limited by seed dormancy. In an effort to increase propagation efficiency, seed viability and vigor were compared based on collection dates and pericarp removal methods. The results showed no relationship between salinity levels of soaking water or seed buoyancy and seed viability or seed vigor. Collection dates may influence seed viability and vigor. Seeds collected in October and November germinated more quickly than those collected in December, although there were no differences in total germination. Hand-peeled seeds germinated more slowly than soaked seeds for all collections, but with no differences in total germination. Seeds collected in October and November grew more vigorously than those collected in December."

"Timbulnya black spot pada udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas enzim polifenoloksidase PPO menyebabkan penurunan jumlah konsumen yang mengonsumsi udang tersebut. Sodium metabisulfit selama ini digunakan sebagai penghambat laju black spot pada udang. Zat tersebut bersifat efektif tetapi memiliki efek samping yang merugikan manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik ekstrak daun mangrove Avicennia marina dan potensinya dalam menghambat pembentukan black spot pada udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei. Ekstrak dibuat dengan konsentrasi 1,5 dan 2 yang diimersi selama 15 menit dengan penyimpanan pada suhu 4oC selama 0, 3 dan 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun mangrove 2 memiliki efektivitas yang terbaik pada pengujian organoleptik kenampakan,tekstur,sensori , TVB dan ALT dibandingkan dengan ekstrak daun mangrove 1,5 dan kontrol.

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Black spot appearance on vamame shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei usually caused by polyphenoloxidase enzyme PPO activities that can decrease consumer demand to these shrimps. Sodium metabisulphite has been used to inhibit the rate of black spot formation in vaname shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. This substance is effective to minimize blackspot, but it can give negative effect to human health. The purpose of this study was to determine the characterization of mangrove Avicennia marina leaves extracts and its potential in inhibiting blackspot formation on vaname shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Concentration of extract as much as 1,5 and 2 respectively were immersed for 15 minutes with 4oC temperature on day 0, day 3, and day 7 of storage. The result showed that 2 mangrove leaves extract has the best effectiveness based on organoleptic test appearance, texture, and sensory , TVB and TPC compared 1,5 mangrove leaves extract and control."

"Timbulnya black spot pada udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas enzim polifenoloksidase PPO menyebabkan penurunan jumlah konsumen yang mengonsumsi udang tersebut. Sodium metabisulfit selama ini digunakan sebagai penghambat laju black spot pada udang. Zat tersebut bersifat efektif tetapi memiliki efek samping yang merugikan manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik ekstrak daun mangrove Avicennia marina dan potensinya dalam menghambat pembentukan black spot pada udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei. Ekstrak dibuat dengan konsentrasi 1,5 dan 2 yang diimersi selama 15 menit dengan penyimpanan pada suhu 4oC selama 0, 3 dan 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun mangrove 2 memiliki efektivitas yang terbaik pada pengujian organoleptik kenampakan,tekstur,sensori , TVB dan ALT dibandingkan dengan ekstrak daun mangrove 1,5 dan kontrol.

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Black spot appearance on vamame shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei usually caused by polyphenoloxidase enzyme PPO activities that can decrease consumer demand to these shrimps. Sodium metabisulphite has been used to inhibit the rate of black spot formation in vaname shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. This substance is effective to minimize blackspot, but it can give negative effect to human health. The purpose of this study was to determine the characterization of mangrove Avicennia marina leaves extracts and its potential in inhibiting blackspot formation on vaname shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Concentration of extract as much as 1,5 and 2 respectively were immersed for 15 minutes with 4oC temperature on day 0, day 3, and day 7 of storage. The result showed that 2 mangrove leaves extract has the best effectiveness based on organoleptic test appearance, texture, and sensory , TVB and TPC compared 1,5 mangrove leaves extract and control."