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"Saat ini, eksipien koproses sedang mendapat perhatian dalam aplikasi farmasetik. Tidak adanya perubahan kimia, kombinasi untuk mendapatkan sifat yang diinginkan banyak, dan efisiensi penggunaan eksipien tunggal dibandingkan campuran eksipien menjadi alasan tingginya minat terhadap eksipien koproses. Pada penelitian ini dibuat eksipien koproses (EK) antara kitosan dan sodium starch glycolate (SSG) dengan cara melarutan kitosan 5% b/v dalam asam asetat 0,5 N dan mendispersikan SSG 5% b/v dalam akuades 70°C kemudian keduanya dicampur dengan perbandingan 1:1, 1:2, dan 1:3. Campuran dikeringkan menggunakan double drum dryer. Eksipien koproses yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi meliputi karakterisasi kimia, fisik dan fungsional. EK 1:1 dipilih untuk digunakan sebagai matriks dalam sediaan tablet lepas lambat karena menunjukkan hasil karakterisasi yang paling baik. Selain itu, dibuat juga tablet dengan kombinasi matriks antara EK dan hidroksipropil metilselulosa (HPMC). Tablet dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah dan atenolol digunakan sebagai model obat. Matriks EK menunjukkan profil pelepasan obat yang tertahan selama 8 jam. Penambahan HPMC sebagai kombinasi matriks dengan perbandingan EK-HPMC 1:1 dan 2:1 menunjukkan profil pelepasan obat yang tertahan selama 16 jam sementara matriks EK-HPMC 3:1 menunjukkan profil pelepasan obat yang tertahan selama 12 jam."

"Chitosan is a natural cationic polymer that is non toxic,biodegradabel and biocompatibel. This polymer is also able to formhydrogel in aqueous medium but is only soluble in acidic medium and isnot soluble in basic medium. Therefore why chitosan is not suitable as amatrix for sustained release dosage form. Chitosan can be modifiedphisically and chemically to obtain its optimum useful as a matrix forsustained release. It is preassumed that cationic properties of chitosan canform a polyelectrolyte complex with other anionic polymers.The aim of this study was to make polyelectrolyte complex ofchitosan – sodium carboxymethylcellulose as tablet matrix for prolongeddrug release system with atenolol as drug model.The polyelectrolyte was made by mixing 4% w/v chitosan solution inacetic acid 1% and 4% sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution, with mixing speed is 5000 rpm for 15 minuted, centrifuge (15.000 rpm, 15minuted) and then dried (50oC, 24 hours), grinded and sieved with 100mesh sieving analyzer. Then It was evaluated using FTIRspectrophotometer, SEM analyser, DSC analyser, swelling index anddissolution test.The results showed that the characteristic of chitosan – sodiumcarboxymethil cellulose polyelectrolyte complex change physically andchemically compared to chitosan and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Theswelling index of chitosan – sodium carboxymethylcellulose polyelectrolytecomplex was better than chitosan.Futher study was subjected to obtain optimum chitosan – sodiumcarboxymethylcellulose polyelectrolyte complex concentration as a matrixof sustained release dosage form. The study was done by making four (4)tablet formulas with the chitosan – sodium carboxymethylcellulosepolyelectrolyte complex matrix concentration 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%.The method of tablet preparation is wet granulation. The effect of variousformulation process veriables, such as pollyelectrolyte complex content,harness of tablet and drug release from these tablet was examined. Drugrelease studies were conducted in 37oC hydrochloric acid solution pH 1,2(2 hours) and buffer phosphat pH 7,4 (6 hours), with UVspectrophotometer.Dissolution profiles showed that higher concentration matrix causedmore prolonged atenolol release. The mechanisms released werediffusional and erosional. The 70% matrix polyelectrolyte chitosan sodium carboxymethylcellulose concentration released atenolol 49,21% in8 hours, so it could prolong atenolol release for 16 hours"