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"[ABSTRAKStroke merupakan penyakit dengan tingkat disabilitas yang tinggi sehinggadiperlukan rehabilitasi yang efektif. Efikasi diri merupakan konsep yang sangatberguna dalam rehabilitasi stroke agar dapat mencapai kemandirian dalam activitydaily living (ADL). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruhintervensi vicarious experience dan persuasi verbal terhadap efikasi diri ADLpasien pasca stroke di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto Jakarta. Desain penelitian ini adalahquasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with control group dengan jumlah sampelsebanyak 32 pasien pasca stroke. Analisis data menggunakan uji t berpasangan, ujit tidak berpasangan, Mann-whitney, Wilcoxon, dan korelasi Pearson. Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh intervensi vicarious experience danpersuasi verbal terhadap efikasi diri pasien pasca stroke (p<0,001). Tidak adahubungan yang signifikan antara karakteristik responden dengan tingkat efikasi diriADL pasien pasca stroke. Hasil ini merekomendasikan perawat untuk dapatmengkaji tingkat efikasi diri ADL pasien pasca stroke dan melakukan intervensivicarious experience dan persuasi verbal sebagai intervensi mandiri perawat.

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ABSTRACTStroke is a disease with a high degree of disability indeed need an effectiverehabilitation. Self-efficacy is a very useful concept in stroke rehabilitation in orderto achieve independence in activity daily living (ADL). This study aimed to identifythe effect of the vicarious experience and verbal persuasion intervention towardsADL self efficacy in post-stroke patients in Gatot Subroto Army Hospital Jakarta.This study was using quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test withcontrol group approach with a total sample of 32 post-stroke patients. Data analysiswere using paired t-test, unpaired t-test, Mann-whitney, Wilcoxon, and Pearsoncorrelation. The results showed that there is an effect of vicarious experience andverbal persuasion interventions towards ADL self-efficacy in post-stroke patients(p <0.001). This study found a non-significant relationship between therespondent?s characteristics with the level of ADL self-efficacy in post-strokepatients. These results recommend nurses to be capable to assess the level of ADLself-efficacy in post-stroke patients and implement nursing intervention especiallyvicarious experience and verbal persuasion, Stroke is a disease with a high degree of disability indeed need an effectiverehabilitation. Self-efficacy is a very useful concept in stroke rehabilitation in orderto achieve independence in activity daily living (ADL). This study aimed to identifythe effect of the vicarious experience and verbal persuasion intervention towardsADL self efficacy in post-stroke patients in Gatot Subroto Army Hospital Jakarta.This study was using quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test withcontrol group approach with a total sample of 32 post-stroke patients. Data analysiswere using paired t-test, unpaired t-test, Mann-whitney, Wilcoxon, and Pearsoncorrelation. The results showed that there is an effect of vicarious experience andverbal persuasion interventions towards ADL self-efficacy in post-stroke patients(p <0.001). This study found a non-significant relationship between therespondent’s characteristics with the level of ADL self-efficacy in post-strokepatients. These results recommend nurses to be capable to assess the level of ADLself-efficacy in post-stroke patients and implement nursing intervention especiallyvicarious experience and verbal persuasion]"

"Halusinasi merupakan gejala positif dari skizofrenia yang timbul dari respons maladaptif. Halusinasi merupakan persepsi sensori yang salah atau pengalaman persepsi yang tidak nyata. Diantara beberapa jenis halusinasi, halusinasi pendengaran paling sering terjadi pada klien dengan skizofrenia. Halusinasi pendengaran dapat memberikan dampak yang negatif, terutama jika isi halusinasi merendahkan klien. Kasus nyata terjadi pada Tn. A (39 tahun) masuk rumah sakit jiwa dengan skizofrenia dan masalah keperawatan halusinasi pendengaran. Pada saat pengkajian di hari perawatan ke-9, klien mengatakan masih mendengar suara-suara yang mencela dan berkata kasar kepada klien. Klien terkadang menjadi emosi dan amarahnya tidak stabil ketika suara tersebut muncul sehingga halusinasinya sulit untuk di kendalikan. Implementasi keperawatan yang dilakukan adalah tindakan keperawatan ners dan penerapan activity daily living non vokasional. Implementasi dilakukan selama sebelas hari, yakni empat hari pemberian intervensi tindakan keperawatan ners dan tujuh hari penerapan activity daily living tipe non vokasional. Evaluasi dilakukan setiap pertemuan menggunakan instrumen PSYRATS, evaluasi tanda dan gejala halusinasi, dan evaluasi kemampuan klien dalam mengontrol halusinasi. Peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa penerapan activity daily living non vokasional efektif terhadap penurunan tanda dan gejala halusinasi. Sehingga penerapan activity daily living non vokasional dapat menjadi salah satu strategi dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan kepada klien dengan halusinasi.

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Hallucinations are positive symptoms of schizophrenia that arise from maladaptive responses. Hallucinations are false sensory perceptions or unreal perceptual experiences. Among several types of hallucinations, auditory hallucinations are most common in clients with schizophrenia. Auditory hallucinations can have a negative impact, especially if the content of the hallucination demeans the client. The real case happened to Mr. A (39 years old) was admitted to a mental hospital with schizophrenia and auditory hallucinations nursing problems. At the time of the assessment on the 9th day of treatment, the client said he still heard voices that criticized and said rudely to the client. Clients sometimes become emotional and their anger is unstable when the voice appears so that the hallucinations are difficult to control. The implementation of nursing carried out is the action of nursing nurses and the application of non-vocational daily living activities. Implementation was carried out for eleven days, namely four days of providing nursing interventions for nurses and seven days of implementing non-vocational type daily living activities. Evaluation is carried out at each meeting using the PSYRATS instrument, evaluation of signs and symptoms of hallucinations, and evaluation of the client's ability to control hallucinations. The researcher concluded that the application of non-vocational daily living activities was effective in reducing signs and symptoms of hallucinations. So that the application of non-vocational daily living activities can be one of the strategies in providing nursing care to clients with hallucinations."

"This cross sectional study was carried out in Jakarta, among institutionalized elderly aged 60 - 74 years. Rabe study reported that there is a high prevalence of low body mass index (BMI) value among the elderly in Jakarta. Ferro-Luzzi et at (1992) and James et al (1988) stated that an adult person with BMI less than 18.5 kg/m2 was proposed being chronic energy deficient (CED) and had functioning and health impairment. General aim of this study is to investigate whether low BMI among elderly is associated with adaptation in energy expenditure and had negative consequences on health. Based on James and colleague classification of BMI, two groups of elderly with different BMI value represented this study. Twenty elderly subjects with BMI < 11.00 kg/m2 (low BMI group) and 20 elderly subjects with BMI 22.0 --25.00 kg/m2 (normal BMI group). To every subject in each group was conducted questionnaires, Hb level measurement, 2 days combined record and recall daily physical activity, 2 days combined food weighing and 24-hour food recall intake, and resting energy expenditure (REE). Body composition was assessed by skinfolds technique and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using Lukaski and Deurenberg equations. Result revealed that fat mass and fat free mass of low BMI subjects are significantly lower than the normal BMI subjects. The low BMI subjects had very low fat mass. However, both groups had same PAL [1.3 X basal Metabolic rate (BMR)]. The low BMI subjects who were considered as CED had similar level of activity of daily living (ADL) as those with normal BMI subjects. Both BMI group had no significant different on the number of health complaint. On the whole, findings indicated that the CED elderly had no physical adaptation and negative consequences on health. Anyway using the cut-off point to define CED proposed by Ferro-Luzzi and colleague for Indonesian elderly needs carefully consideration. "

"Stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab disabilitas terbanyak di dunia. Stroke dapat mempengaruhi kemandirian penderita, termasuk dalam melakukan aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari. Beberapa skala telah digunakan untuk menilai kemandirian penderita stroke, termasuk Indeks Barthel. Indeks Barthel Modifikasi Shah merupakan modifikasi Indeks Barthel yang lebih sensitif terhadap perubahan kondisi pasien, sehingga ideal digunakan dalam setting rehabilitasi. Thesis ini bertujuan untuk melakukan adaptasi transkultural Indeks Barthel Modifikasi Shah ke Bahasa Indonesia, dan kemudian menilai kesahihan dan keandalannya dalam menilai kemandirian melakukan aktivitas kehidupan sehari-hari pada penderita stroke. Proses adaptasi terdiri dari dua tahap, di tahap pertama dilakukan adaptasi transkultural dari Indeks Barthel Modifikasi Shah sesuai metode dari ISPOR. Hasil dari adaptasi transkultural kemudian diuji di tahap kedua pada 30 pasien stroke fase sub-akut hingga kronis, untuk mendapatkan kesahihan konstruksi, keandalan test-retest, dan keandalan interrater. Dari uji kesahihan konstruksi didapatkan korelasi kuat dari masing- masing domain terhadap total skor (0.788-0.949). Dari keandalan test-retest didapatkan Alpha Cronbach 0.988 (0.942-1.000 untuk masing- masing domain), dan dari keandalan interrater didapatkan Alpha Cronbach 0.999 (0.963-1.000). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Indeks Barthel Modifikasi Shah versi Bahasa Indonesia memiliki kesahihan dan keandalan yang baik, dan dapat digunakan sebagai suatu skala alternatif untuk menilai kemandirian melakukan aktivitas kehidupan sehari- hari pada penderita stroke

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Stroke is one of the biggest causes of disability worldwide. Stroke might affect patient’s independence, including in Activities of Daily Living. Many scales have been used to measure Activity of Daily Living, including Barthel Index. Shah’s Modified Barthel Index is a modification of Barthel Index that is more sensitive to change in patient’s condition; which may be ideal in rehabilitation setting. The purpose of this paper to do transcultural adaptation of Shah’s Modified Barthel Index to Indonesian language. The adaptation process was divided into two stages; in the first stage, transcultural adaptation was done according to method by ISPOR. In the second stage, the scale was tested in 30 subacute and chronic stroke patients for construct validity, test-retest reliability, and interrater reliability. From construct validity test, strong correlation was made, correlation of each domain to total score ranging from 0.788-0.949. In test-retest reliability, Alpha Cronbach of 0.988 of total score, and for each domain ranging from 0.942-1.000 was found. In interrater reliability, Alpha Cronbach of 0.999 of total score, and 0.963-1.000 for each domain was found. In conclusion, the Indonesian adaptation of Shah’s Modified Barthel Index has good reliability and validity and may be used as an alternative scale in measuring a stroke patient’s independency in doing activities of daily living."

"Tuna grahita adalah anak yang mempunyai kemampuan intelektual dan perawatan diri khususnya toileting lebih rendah dibanding anak normal. Untuk itu dibutuhkan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai. Peneliti ingin mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran dengan media buku cerita bergambar terhadap activity daily living: toileting pada anak tuna grahita. Pembelajaran tersebut dilakukan dengan melakukan storytelling menggunakan buku cerita bergambar yang dibuat peneliti. Penelitian ini berdesain multiple baseline across subject dengan responden enam anak tuna grahita. Hasil analisis grafik garis setelah pemberian intervensi pada keenam responden menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada tingkat kestabilan data,tingkat perubahan level data pada setiap dan antar fase, trend, serta analisis rerataskor sub skala pola, kemandirian, dan komponen pendukung kemampuan toiletingpada keenam responden. SLB dapat menggunakan metode pembelajaran ini.

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A mentally disabled is children who have intellectual and self-care abilities particularly toileting lower than normal children. It needs an appropriate learning method. Researcher want to know the effect of learning with media picture bookstory to activity daily living: toileting in mentally disabled children. Learning is done through storytelling using picture storybooks which made researchers. This study has multiple baseline across subjects design with six respondents mentally disabled children.

Line graphs analysis after intervention giving indicates an increase in the stability of the data, the data level change on each and between phase, trends, and the mean analysis scores on sub-scale patterns, independence, and supporting components toileting skills at the sixth respondent. SLB can use this learning method."

"Skizofrenia mengganggu segala aspek kehidupan individu, meliputi masalah kognitif, persepsi, emosional, sosial, dan perilaku. Halusinasi pendengaran merupakan gejala positif yang paling umum terjadi pada pasien dengan skizofrenia. Tujuan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi penerapan activity daily living melalui pendekatan teori self-care Orem dalam menurunkan tanda dan gejala halusinasi pada pasien skizofrenia. Karya ilmiah ini disusun berdasarkan studi kasus Ny. H dengan masalah keperawatan halusinasi. Tindakan asuhan keperawatan dengan penerapan activity daily living telah diberikan selama delapan hari. Evaluasi menggunakan instrumen “Evaluasi Tanda dan Gejala Pasien Halusinasi” yang dikembangkan oleh Departemen Keperawatan Jiwa Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia. Hasil penerapan activity daily living pada pasien menunjukkan terdapat penurunan tanda dan gejala halusinasi dari skor 16 menjadi skor 1. Penerapan activity daily living dengan pendekatan Orem diharapkan dapat menjadi intervensi yang membantu pasien mengendalikan halusinasi dan memampukan pasien hidup mandiri.

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Schizophrenia disrupts all aspects of an individual's life, including cognitive, perceptual, emotional, social and behavioral problems. Auditory hallucination is the most common positive symptom in patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this scientific work is to identify the application of daily living activities through Orem's self-care theory approach in reducing signs and symptoms of hallucination in schizophrenia patient. This scientific work was prepared based on the case study of Ms. H with hallucinatory nursing problem. Nursing care by implementing daily living activities was provided for eight days. Evaluation uses the instrument "Evaluation of Signs and Symptoms of Hallucination Patient" developed by the Department of Mental Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, University of Indonesia. The results of applying daily living activities to patients show that there is a decrease in signs and symptoms of hallucinations from a score of 16 to a score of 1. Activities daily living using the Orem approach is expected can be an intervention that helps patients control hallucinations and enables patients to live independently."

"Osteoarthritis (OA) adalah penyakit sendi degeneratif yang ditandai oleh degenerasi kartilago artikular, perubahan struktur tulang subkondral, pembentukan osteofit, kelemahan ligamen, kelemahan otot quadrisep dan peradangan sendi. Manifestasi gejala OA lutut berkontribusi besar terhadap limitasi aktivitas sehari-hari dan menimbulkan disabilitas fungsional yang akan membatasi partisipasi dan menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien OA lutut. Evaluasi luaran klinis dari sudut pandang pasien dirasakan perlu terkait kualitas dan keberhasilan tatalaksana OA lutut. Knee Outcome Survey Activity Daily Living Scale (KOS ADLS) merupakan instrumen untuk menilai status fungsional pasien OA lutut yang mengevaluasi gejala-gejala dan keterbatasan fungsional spesifik selama aktivitas hidup sehari- hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kesahihan dan keandalan instrumen KOS ADLS yang diadaptasi dan diterjemahkan ke budaya dan bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di poliklinik Departemen Rehabilitasi Medik divisi Muskuloskeletal RSCM dari 1 Oktober 2020 sampai 31 Agustus 2021. Metode penelitian adalah studi potong lintang dengan jumlah sampel 65 orang. Data diolah dengan uji uji kesahihan menggunakan korelasi Bivariate Pearson dimana tingkat signifikansi p < 0.05 dengan koefisiensi korelasi r > 0.3 dan uji keandalan dengan uji konsistensi internal dengan nilai ð›¼-cronbach dan Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) ≥ 0.7. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai korelasi KOS ADLS untuk keseluruhan item ialah 0.461 – 0.792. Nilai ð›¼ -cronbach Nilai Cronbach’s Alpha KOS ADLS secara keseluruhan adalah 0.911 dan nilai ICC yaitu 0.969 dengan interval kepercayaan 95% 0,950 – 0,981. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik, instrumen KOS ADLS-Ina memiliki nilai korelasi dan konsistensi internal diatas nilai minimal yang berarti sahih dan andal dengan tingkat signifikansi p < 0.05. Kesimpulannya, KOS ADLS memiliki kesahihan dan keandalan yang baik untuk digunakan sebagai alat ukur keterbatasan fungsional pada OA lutut di Indonesia.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, changes in subchondral bone structure, osteophyte formation, ligament weakness, quadriceps muscle weakness and joint inflammation. Manifestations of knee OA symptoms contribute greatly to the limitation of daily activities and cause functional disability which will limit participation and reduce the quality of life of knee OA patients. Evaluation of clinical outcomes from the patient's point of view is deemed necessary regarding the quality and success of knee OA management. The Knee Outcome Survey Activity Daily Living Scale (KOS ADLS) is an instrument to assess the functional status of knee OA patients that evaluates symptoms and specific functional limitations during activities of daily living. Material and Methods. The study conducted in Medical Rehabilitation Department, Musculoskeletal division of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from October 1st to August 31st, 2021. Cross sectional was the study’s design with a sample of 65 subjects. Data was collected and analyze for validity with bivariate Pearson correlation with p < 0.05 and correlation coefficient r > 0.3. Reliability was tested with internal consistency in which Î±-cronbach and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) ≥ 0.7. 

Result. The result of the study showed that the correlation value for total item was 0.461 – 0.792. As for the internal consistency the Î±-cronbach set at 0.911 and ICC was 0.969 CI 95% 0,950 – 0,981. Based on the statistical analysis, Indonesian version of KOS ADLS (KOS ADLS-Ina) proved that both Pearson’s correlation and internal consistency values have value above the minimal intended value with significancy p < 0.05. 

Conclusions. As a conclusion, the findings show KOS ADLS-Ina as a valid and reliable functional capacity instrument to be used in Indonesian population."