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"Analysis of nist srm 1633B and srm 1646A used by NAA method in order laboratory intercomparation. In order to get of valid and accurate test result, laboratory shall have high commitment related to quality assurance program..."

"ABSTRACTThe study was conducted to investigate whether the intestinal helminthiasis influence the acute phase response (APR), nutritional status and iron status, and the impact of anthelminthic treatment on the APR and iron status among school children 8 - 11 years old in SD 01 and 02 Papanggo, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta. The prevalence of helminthiasis among these children was regarding to Ascaris lumbricoides 81.6 %, T richuris Trichiura 88.3 % and mixed infection A.lumbricoides and T : trichiura 70 %. Of 120 children enrolled in this study, 59 children received a single 400 mg dose Albendazole, 61 children received placebo.The design of this study was a cross sectional association study combined with a randomized, doubly-masked, community intervention trial. At the beginning of the study, anthropometric measurements were taken. In addition, stool samples, plasma iron, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), White Blood Cell (WBC), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Interleukin-1 (IL-I), Interleuldn-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) concentrations were determined prior to the interventions and 10 days after.The children with Z-score of WFA, WFH and FIFA less than -2 were 24,2 %, 6,7 % and 19.2 %, respectively. Of 30 % of the subjects were anemic (Hb <12 g /dl) and 21.6 % had plasma iron levels below normal (male < 59 µg/dl, female < 37µg/dl).CRP,IL-1,IL-6 and TNF showed normal values in both groups before and 10 days after treatment. ESR was significantly increased in both groups 10 days after treatment. Within group increases in WBC count was significant only in the treatment group.Plasma iron concentration was significantly increased in the treatment group (P = < 0.05) whereas it was significantly decreased in the placebo group (P = < 0.05). Increases in hemoglobin level in the treatment group and the decrease in the control group were no statistically significant.This study concluded that the APR were normal during the intestinal helminthiasis and the intensity of infection were not proportional with the APR level, The helminth treatment with single 400 mg dose of Albendazole has not only a significant effect on decreasing worm burden but also a rise in plasma iron."

"Di Indonesia, thalassemia mayor merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan karena morbiditas dan mortalitasnya yang tinggi. Thalassemia mayor ditandai dengan anemia berat sejak usia anak-anak dan memerlukan transfusi teratur untuk mempertahankan kadar hemoglobin. Untuk mengurangi kebutuhan akan transfusi darah, dilakukan splenektomi. Trombosis merupakan salah satu komplikasi thalassemia yang banyak dilaporkan di berbagai negara, tetapi di Indonesia sampai saat ini belum ada laporan. Trombosit dan sistem koagulasi memegang peranan dalam patogenesis trombosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai kelainan trombosit serta aktivasi koagulasi pada penderita thalassemia mayor yang sudah maupun yang belum di-splenektomi di Indonesia.Desain penelitian ini potong lintang. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 31 orang penderita thalassemia mayor yang sudah displenektomi (kelompok splenektomi) dan 35 orang penderita thalassemia mayor yang belum mengalami splenektomi (kelompok nonsplenektomi). Untuk menilai fungsi trombosit, dilakukan pemeriksaan agregasi trombosit terhadap adenosin difosfat (ADP), aktivasi trombosit dinilai dengan mengukur kadar β-tromboglobulin (β-TG), sedangkan aktivasi koagulasi dinilai dengan pemeriksaan D-dimer.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah trombosit pada kelompok splenektomi Iebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan kelompok non-splenektomi (549.260+251.662/μI vs 156.000/μl (kisaran 34.000-046.000/μl); p<0,001). Demikian pula agregasi trombosit terhadap ADP 1 pM maupun 10 pM Iebih tinggi secara bermakna pada kelompok splenektomi dibandingkan dengan kelompok non-splenektomi (1 pM: 17,3% (kisaran 1,9-104,0%) vs 5,2% (kisaran 0,5-18,2%); p <0,001 dan 10 pM: 91,2% (kisaran 27,3-136,8%) vs 55,93 + 17,27%; p<0,001). Kadar β-TG Iebih tinggi secara bermakna pada kelompok splenektomi dibandingkan kelompok non-splenektomi (178,81 + 86,3 IU/ml vs 100,11 + 40,0 IU/ml; p<0,001). Kadar D-dimer juga Iebih tinggi secara bermakna pada kelompok splenektomi dibandingkan non-splenektomi walaupun keduanya masih dalam rentang normal (0,2 μg/ml (kisaran 0,1-0,7 g/ml) vs 0,1 μg/ml (kisaran 0,1-0,8 μg/mI).Dari hasil penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa pada penderita thalassemia mayor di Indonesia terdapat jumlah trombosit dan fungsi agregasi yang bervariasi, sedangkan aktivasi trombosit meningkat, tetapi belum dapat dibuktikan adanya aktivasi koagulasi. Pada penderita thalassemia mayor yang sudah displenektomi didapatkan trombositosis, serta agregasi trombosit terhadap ADP dan aktivasi trombosit yang Iebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan penderita yang belum di-splenektomi.

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Thalassemia major is one of the health problem in Indonesia due to its high morbidity and mortality. Thalassemia major is characterized by severe anemia presenting in the first years of life and requires regular transfusions to maintain hemoglobin level. Splenectomy is performed to decrease the need for transfusion. Thrombosis is one of the complications widely reported in patients with thalassemia in many parts of the world, but until now, there had been no report on this complication in Indonesia. Platelet and the coagulation system play a role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. The aim of this study was to obtain the pattern of changes in platelet count, function and activation level, and activation of coagulation in patients with thalassemia major patients in Indonesia.The design of this study was cross-sectional. The subjects were 31 splenectomized and 35 non-splenectomized patients with thalassemia major. Platelet aggregation to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was performed to assess platelet function; β-thromboglobulin level was used as marker of platelet activation, and D-dimer for activation of coagulation.The result of this study revealed a significantly higher platelet count in splenectomized compared to non-splenectomized patients (549.260 + 251.86210 vs-156.000/μl (34.000- 46.000/μl); p<0.001). Platelet aggregation to ADP were significantly higher in splenectomized patients than non-splenectomized group, both to 1 pM (17.3% (range 1.9-104M%) vs 5.2% (range 0.5-118.2%); p<0.001) and 10 μM ADP (91.2% (range 27.3-136.8%) vs 55.93 + 17.27%; p<0.001). β-thromboglobulin level was significantly higher in splenectomized patients compared to non-splenectomized patients (178.81 + 86.3 IU/rnl vs 100.11 + 40.0 IU/ml; p<0.001). D-dimer level was also significantly higher in the splenectomized group compared to non-splenectomized group although both had values within normal range (0.2 pglml (range 0.1-0.7 μg/mI) vs 0.1 pg1ml (range 0.1-0.8 μg/ml).We concluded that the platelet count and function were varied, while platelet activation level was increased in patients with thalassemia major in Indonesia, but activation of coagulation was not established. We also concluded that in splenectomized patients there were thrombocytosis and increased platelet aggregation to ADP and platelet activation level compared to non-splenectomized patients."

"ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat model intervensi untuk meningkatkan perilaku tanggung jawab dalam paternal involvement keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan anak. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan responden penelitian sebanyak 23. Kriteria responden adalah ayah yang memilki anak usia 2-12 tahun, tinggal dan menetap di Jabodetabek. Rancangan program intervensi menggunakan metode quasi experimental one group pre-test dan post-test dengan teknik perubahan perilaku melalui pelatihan dan teknik behaviour activation. Uji statistik dengan menggunakan non parametrik wilcoxon signed-ranks test menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab ayah dalam paternal involvement pada post-test M=32.65, SD=1.027 lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada pre-test M=25, SD=4.758, dengan skor signifikan yaitu Z = -4.203, dengan value Asymp. Sig 2 tailed sebesar 0,000. Hasil ini selaras dengan analisa deskriptif kualitatif yang menunjukkan bahwa perilaku tanggung jawab dalam paternal involvement pada ayah meningkat setelah diberikan pelatihan dan penerapan teknik behaviour activation.

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ABSTRACT

This study aims to make intervention model to improve behavior of responsibility in paternal involvement. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative approach with sample size of 23 respondents. The criterion of respondents are fathers, having children age 2-12 years old, and lives in Jabodetabek. The design of intervention program used quasi experimental one group pre-test and post-test methods with behavioral change techniques through training and application of behavioral activation technique. Statistical analysis of mean comparisons using wilcoxon signed-ranks non parametric test having average of responsibility behavior in paternal involvement in the post-test M = 32.65; SD = 1,027 is higher than pre-test M = 25; SD = 4.758. Meanwhile the post-test score of responsibility behavior in paternal involvement has significantly higher score than pre-test score Z = -4.203, with Ρ value Asymp. Sig 2 tailed is 0,000, with 0.05 l.o.s. These results are same with analysis of the qualitative study showed that responsibility behavior in paternal involvement after training and application of behavioral activation techniques have increased. Such outcome proved that intervention model succeeded to improve behavior of responsibility in paternal involvement of fathers in Jabodetabek."

"Latar belakang: Pasien dengan total oosit immatur atau rendah jumlah oosit matur yang diperoleh dari proses ovum pick up OPU pada siklus berulang cenderung tidak dapat ditangani dengan kultur in-vitro atau in vitro maturasi IVM . Sejauh ini, pasien dengan riwayat rendah/kegagalan total maturasi yang kembali mengulang siklus in vitro fertilisasi, hanya ditangani dengan merubah protokol stimulasi untuk merubah respon ovarium dengan hasil yang belum memuaskan. Jalur pensinyalan Ca2 diketahui berperan penting dalam proses maturasi oosit. Karenanya, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah modifikasi regulasi Ca2 intraseluler oosit yang tetap immatur paska kultur in-vitro dengan aktivasi A23187 mampu menjadi solusinya. Metode: Oosit immatur dikoleksi dengan metode diseksi ovarium dan dilanjutkan kultur maturasi secara grup selama 20-24 jam berdasarkan status sel kumulus dengan atau tanpa sel kumulus . Oosit yang tetap immatur paska kultur maturasi, dibagi secara acak kedalam kelompok kontrol dan perlakukan aktivasi dengan CaI A23187 untuk mendorong maturasi. Proses aktivasi dilakukan selama 30 menit, kemudian dilanjutkan kultur maturasi kembali. Setelah 20-24 jam kultur, dilakukan evaluasi maturasi paska aktivasi dengan melihat ekstruksi badan polar I. Untuk memperoleh gambaran perubahan level Ca2 selama proses aktivasi, dilakukan pengukuran intensitas pendaran oosit immatur terlabel pewarna berfluoresen Fura-Red yang mampu berikatan dengan kalsium bebas intrasel menggunakan confocal laser scanning microscope CLSM pada panjang gelombang 405 dan 488nm. Hasil penelitian: Aktivasi oosit immatur dengan CaI A23187 secara bermakna meningkatkan jumlah maturasi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol P

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Background Patients with total immature or high number of immatured oocyte obtained from repeated cycles of ovum pick up OPU are unlikely to be treated only with extended in vitro culture or in vitro maturation IVM . As known, patients with high percentage of immature failure history repeating in in vitro fertilization cycle are treated only by changing the stimulation protocol to change the ovarian response with unsatisfactory results. The Ca2 signaling is known to play an important role in oocyte maturation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the modification of intracellular Ca2 of oocytes failed to resume meiosis even following subsequent in vitro culture could reach metaphase II after Calcium Ionophore A23187 activation.Method Immature oocytes were collected by ovarian dissection method and continued with group maturation culture for 20 24 hours based on cumulus cell status intact and without cumulus cells . Oocytes shows immature resistant after in vitro culture were randomly allocated to control and treatment groups. Oocyte activation group was exposed to A23187 solution for 30 minutes and then washed extensively. Maturation was evaluated 20 24 hours after CaI A23187 exposure by observing the first polar body extrusion. To identify Ca2 response during activation, Ca2 imaging was conducted using confocal laser scanning microscope CLSM . Oocytes were loaded to 10 M L of the ratiometric Ca2 sensitive dye Fura Red acetoxymethyl AM ester. Fluorescent measurement were made with filter that provided excitation at wavelengths of 405 and 488nm. Result Activation of resistant immature oocytes with CaI A23187 significantly increased number of maturation compared with the control group p"

"Latar belakang: Terapi kombinasi antiretroviral (ARV) telah meningkatkan angka harapan hidup pasien HIV. Koinfeksi HCV kemudian menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas terkait hati pada pasien HIV dalam terapi ARV. Aktivasi imun residual dipikirkan berperan penting dalam kondisi ini. Beta-2 mikroglobulin sebagai penanda aktivasi imun kronik dan hubungannya dengan CD4, derajat fibrosis, dan kadar RNA VHC masih harus dieksplorasi pada kelompok pasien HIV-VHC. Metode: Sebanyak 64 pasien yang telah mengalami supresi HIV diikutsertakan pada penelitian ini: 37 pasien koinfeksi HIV-VHC dan 27 pasien HIV. Seluruh pasien koinfeksi belum mendapat terapi VHC. Kadar β2M plasma dianalisis dengan teknik ELISA. Derajat fibrosis diperiksa menggunakan transient elastography. Kadar CD4 dan RNA VHC diperoleh dari rekam medis dalam enam bulan terakhir. Perbedaan rerata β2M dianalisis dengan uji t independen. Korelasi β2M dengan CD4, RNA VHC, dan derajat fibrosis dinilai dengan uji Pearson atau Spearman. Hasil: Kadar plasma β2M didapatkan lebih tinggi pada pasien koinfeksi HIV-VHC (2,75 ± 0,8 mg/L) dibandingkan dengan monoinfeksi HIV (1,93 ± 0,95 mg/L, p <0,001 dan IK95% 0, 37-1,25). Tidak ditemukan korelasi signifikan antara β2M dengan kadar CD4, derajat fibrosis, dan RNA VHC. Kesimpulan: Pasien koinfeksi HIV-VHC dalam terapi ARV menunjukkan derajat aktivasi imun residual yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan HIV monoinfeksi.

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Background: Introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has improved life expectancy of HIV infected individuals. HCV coinfection then becomes the main cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Residual immune activation may play an important role. The level of beta-2 microglobulin as an immune activation marker and its associations with CD4, fibrosis stage, and HCV RNA remain to be explored in HIV/HCV coinfection. Methods: A total of 64 patients having supressed HIV viral load were included: 37 patients with HIV/HCV coinfection and 27 HIV patients. All coinfected patients were naïve to HCV treatment. Plasma levels of β2M were analyzed using ELISA. The fibrosis stage was determined using transient elastography. CD4, HCV RNA levels were obtained from medical records within the last six months. The mean difference of β2M was analyzed using independent t-test. β2M correlations with CD4, HCV RNA, and fibrosis degree were assessed by Pearson or Spearman test. Results: The levels of plasma β2M were higher in HIV/HCV coinfected patients (2.75 ± 0.8 mg/L) compared to HIV monoinfection (1.93 ± 0.95 mg/L, p < 0.001 and 95CI 0.37-1.25). There were no significant correlations of β2M with CD4 level, fibrosis stage, and HCV RNA. Conclusion: HIV/HCV coinfected patients on ART show a higher level of residual immune activation compared to HIV patients."

"Li4Ti5O12 merupakan senyawa yang banyak digunakan pada anoda baterai litium ion karena sifatnya zero strain dan terhindar dari pembentukan SEI. Namun, LTO memiliki konduktifitas elektrik yang rendah 10-9 S/cm sehingga ditambahkan unsur Sn untuk meningkatkan konduktifitas elektriknya dan meningkatkan kapasitas spesifiknya. Namun, pada unsur Sn terjadi perubahan volume yang besar hingga saat proses charge/discharge. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini ditambahkan karbon yang telah diaktivasi karena memiliki sifat konduktifitas elektrik yang baik dan dapat menahan ekspansi volume yang terjadi. LTO-C disintesis dengan metode sol-hidrotermal sebelum dicampur dengan unsur Sn menggunakan metode mekanokimia. Variasi persentase penambahan karbon aktif yang digunakan adalah 1wt, 3wt, dan 5wt. Karakterisasi yang digunakan yaitu XRD dan SEM EDS. Untuk pengujian performa baterai dilakukan pengujian EIS, CV, dan CD. Penelitian ini membahas efek penambahan karbon aktif pada komposit LTO/Sn. Performa elektrokimia paling baik diperoleh sampel LTO3 C/15 Sn.

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Li4Ti5O12 is a widely used compound on the lithium ion battery due to its zero strain property and could avoid SEI formation. However, LTO has a low electrical conductivity 10 9 S cm so Sn is added to increase its electrical conductivity and specific capacity. But in Sn can occur large volume changes when charge discharge process. To solve this problem activated carbon is added because it has good electrical conductivity and can withstand the volume expansion. LTO C was synthesized by sol hydrothermal method before we mix it with Sn using mechanochemical method. The variation of activated carbon addition was 1wt , 3wt , and 5wt . XRD and SEM EDS were used for material characterization. For the battery performance testing we used EIS, CV, and CD. This research will explain the effect of carbon active addition on composite LTO Sn. LTO3 C 15 Snhas the best electrochemical performance."

"ABSTRAKLithium Ion Capacitor (LIC) telah menunjukkan kinerja yang menjanjikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan energi tinggi dan kepadatan daya di era kendaraan listrik saat ini. Pengembangan bahan elektroda dan elektrolit dalam beberapa tahun terakhir telah meningkatkan kinerja LIC secara signifikan. Salah satu bahan aktif elektroda LIC, karbon aktif (AC) dapat disintesis dari berbagai biomassa, salah satunya adalah eceng gondok. Ketersediaannya yang melimpah dan pemanfaatannya yang rendah menjadikan eceng gondok sebagai sumber karbon aktif yang menjanjikan. Untuk mengamati sifat fisik AC yang paling optimal, penelitian ini juga membandingkan berbagai suhu aktivasi. Dalam penelitian ini, LIC sel penuh dibuat menggunakan anoda berbasis LTO dan AC yang berasal eceng gondok sebagai katoda. Sel penuh LIC selanjutnya dikarakterisasi untuk melihat sifat material dan kinerja elektrokimia. LIC turunan eceng gondok dapat mencapai kapasitansi spesifik 32.11 F / g, energi spesifik 17.83 Wh /kg dan daya spesifik 160.53 W / kg.

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ABSTRACT

Lithium Ion Capacitor (LIC) has shown promising performance to meet the needs of the needs in high energy and power density of the era of electric vehicles nowadays. The development of electrode materials and electrolyte in recent years have been improvised LIC performance significantly. One of the active materials of LIC electrodes, activated carbon (AC) can be synthesized from various biomass, one of which is the water hyacinth. Its abundant availability and low utilization make the water hyacinth as a promising activated carbon source. To observe the most optimal physical properties of AC, this study also compares various activation temperatures. In this study, full cell LIC was fabricated using LTO based anode and water hyacinth derived AC as cathode. The LIC full cell is further characterized to see the material properties and electrochemical performance. Water hyacinth derived LIC can achieve a specific capacitance of 32.11 F/g, specific energy of 17.83 Wh/kg and specific power of 160.53 W/kg."

"Dalam perkembangan teknologi saat ini, kemampuan mesin untuk dapat belajar memiliki peranan yang sangat penting. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk mengembangkan kecerdasan buatan terhadap mesin sehingga mesin dapat melakukan pembelajaran. Salah satu macam pembelajaran mesin (machine learning) adalah dengan Brain Emotional Learning (BEL). BEL merupakan metode pembelajaran mesin yang terinspirasi dari fungsi kerja sistem limbik mamalia yang memiliki kemampuan untuk menyimpan memori, membuat keputusan dan memberi respon emosi. Dalam penerapannya, BEL telah terbukti dapat menyelesaikan berbagai masalah pembelajaran, seperti dalam masalah klasisfikasi, masalah prediksi, dan pengendalian. Pada skripsi ini, akan dilakukan perancangan dengan BEL untuk dapat mengkategorikan data melalui metode pembelajaran supervised learning dan diuji dengan data iris.

Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa BEL dapat digunakan untuk klasifikasi beberapa macam kelas, terdapat hubungan yang tidak linear dari faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses pembelajaran terhadap hasil, konstanta β dan konstanta γ memberikan hasil akurasi rendah ketika keduanya bernilai besar, dan hasil akurasi terbaik sebesar 93,33% untuk jenis data iris. Selain itu, perbandingan dengan paper rujukan menunjukkan bahwa hasil rancangan memberikan hasil yang lebih baik daripada algoritma GDBP MLP pada epoch rendah meskipun hasil rancangan belum sebaik rujukan.

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In todays technological development, the ability of machines to be able to learn has a very important role. Various efforts have been made to develop artificial intelligence on the machine so that the machine can do learning. One type of machine learning is with Brain Emotional Learning (BEL). BEL is a machine learning method inspired by the work function of the limbic system of mammals that has the ability to store memory, make decisions and give emotional responses. In its application, BEL has been proven to be able to solve various learning problems, such as problems in classification, prediction problems, and control. In this thesis, BEL will be designed to be able to categorize data through supervised learning methods and tested with iris data.

The test results show that BEL can be used to classify several types of classes, there is a non-linear relationship of the factors that influence the learning process to results, constants and constants give low accuracy results when both are of great value, and the best accuracy results are 93, 33% for iris data types. In addition, the comparison with the reference paper shows that the design results have better results than the MLP GDBP algorithm at the lower epoch even though the design results have not been as good as the references."