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"The electronic and optical properties of a-Al2O3 after induced by 3-keV Ar+ sputtering have been studied quantitatively by use of reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectra. The band gap values of a-Al2O3 was determined from the onset values of the energy loss spectrum to the background level of REELS spectra as a function of time Ar+ bombardment. The bandgap changes from 8.4 eV before sputtering to 6.2 eV after 4 minutes of sputtering.The optical properties of α-Al2O3 thin films have been determined by comparing the experimental cross section obtained from reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy with the theoretical inelastic scattering cross section, deduced from the simulated energy loss function (ELF) by using QUEELS-ε(k)-REELS software. The peak assignments are based on ELF and compared with reported data on the electronic structure of α-Al2O3 obtained using different techniques. The results demonstrate that the electronic and optical properties before and after surface reduction will provide further understanding in the fundamental properties of α-Al2O3 which will be useful in the design, modeling and analysis of devices applications performance."

"ABSTRACTAmorphous GaInZnO (GIZO) thin films are grown on Si02/Si substrate by the RF magnetron sputtering method. By the combination of measured band gaps from reflection energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectra and valence band from X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra, we have demonstrated the energy band alignment of GIZO thin films. The band gap values are 3.2 eV, 3.2 eV, 3.4eV and 3.6eV for the concentration ratios of Ga: In: Zn in GIZO thin films are 1:1:1, 2:2:1, 3:2:1 and 4:2:1, respectively. These are attributed to the larger band gap energy of Ga2O3 compared with In 2O3 and ZnO. The valence band offsets (ΔEv) decrease from 2.18 to 1.68 eV with increasing amount of Ga in GIZO thin films for GIZO1 to GIZO4, respectively. These experimental values of band gap and valence band offset will provide the further understanding in the fundamental properties of GIZO/SiO2/Si heterostructure, which will be useful in the design, modeling and analysis of the performance devices applications. "

"Film One Second (2020) merupakan film yang disutradarai oleh Zhang Yimou. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang simbolisasi reels celluloid sebagai kritik sosial saat berlangsungnya Revolusi Kebudayaan. Film One Second mengisahkan tentang seorang buron yang kabur dari kamp kerja paksa untuk menonton putrinya yang terdapat dalam sebuah film, dalam prosesnya tersebut ia bertemu dan mengalami konflik dengan Gadis Liu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Pada penelitian akan terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu tahap pertama adalah pengumpulan data, tahap kedua adalah pengolahan data, dan tahap terakhir adalah menganalisis pembahasan dan membuat kesimpulan akhir penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dalam film One Second, terdapat kritik sosial terhadap Revolusi Kebudayaan yang berdampak pada hubungan ayah-anak melalui simbolisasi reels celluloid gulungan warta berita nomor 22 dan Putra Putri Pahlawan. Revolusi Kebudayaan menimbulkan dampak buruk terhadap keutuhan sebuah keluarga.

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One Second (2020) is a film directed by Zhang Yimou. This research will discuss the symbolization of celluloid reels as social criticism during the Cultural Revolution. The film One Second tells the story of a fugitive who escapes from a forced labor camp to watch his daughter in a film, in the process he meets and experiences conflict with Miss Liu. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. The research will consist of three stages, namely the first stage is data collection, the second stage is data processing, and the last stage is analyzing the discussion and making the final conclusions of the research. The results of this study found that in the film One Second, there was social criticism of the Cultural Revolution which had an impact on father-daughter relationships through the symbolization of celluloid reels news bulletin number 22 and Heroic Sons and Daughters. The Cultural Revolution had a negative impact on the integrity of a family."