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ABSTRACT"

"Hipertensi memiliki berbagai pilihan pengobatan karena kompleksitas patofisiologinya, termasuk intervensi terhadap inflamasi, sehingga bahan alami yang menargetkan berbagai mekanisme dapat dipertimbangkan. Ekstrak rosella dapat menurunkan tekanan darah dengan menghambat ACE, sementara penambahan ekstrak jahe merah diharapkan dapat mendukung pengobatan hipertensi melalui intervensi inflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antihipertensi kombinasi ekstrak rosella dan jahe merah pada tikus model hipertensi yang diinduksi DOCA-salt. Studi dilakukan terhadap enam kelompok tikus (n=5) yang terdiri dari satu kelompok normal dan lima kelompok tikus model hipertensi. Tikus model hipertensi diinduksi dengan pemberian 30 mg/kgBB DOCA secara subkutan dan NaCl 2% sebagai pengganti air minum selama tiga minggu. Kelompok tikus model terdiri dari kontrol negatif (CMC 0,5%), kontrol positif (4,5 mg/200 g BB kaptopril), dan 3 kelompok dosis kombinasi ekstrak rosella-jahe merah (50:3,5 mg/300gBB; 100:7 mg/300gBB; dan 200:14 mg/300gBB). Pemberian sediaan uji dilakukan secara peroral selama dua minggu kemudian diukur tekanan darah, level biomarker RAAS dan mediator inflamasi. Hasil uji antihipertensi menunjukkan kombinasi ekstrak rosella-jahe merah yang mengandung sianidin-3-sambubiosida dan 6-gingerol memiliki aktivitas antihipertensi karena mempengaruhi tekanan darah sistolik-diastolik secara signifikan pada ketiga dosis uji; level renin secara signifikan pada dosis 50:3,5mg /300grBB dan 200:14mg/300grBB; aktivitas ACE secara signifikan pada ketiga dosis, dan level angiotensin II secara signifikan pada dosis 100:7mg/300grBB dan dosis 200:14mg/300grBB serta terhadap level IL-17A secara signifikan pada dosis 100:7mg/300grBB dan 200:14mg/300grBB. Dosis optimalnya adalah 100:7mg/300gBB, dengan penurunan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik tikus model hipertensi secara berturut-turut sebesar ± 45 mmHg (27,6%) sistolik dan ± 39 mmHg (33,2%).

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Hypertension offers diverse treatment options due to its complex pathophysiology, including interventions targeting inflammation, thus natural substances that target multiple mechanisms worth considering. Roselle extract reduces blood pressure by inhibiting ACE, while the addition of red ginger extract is anticipated to support hypertension treatment through inflammation intervention. This research aims to evaluate the antihypertensive activity of combination extracts of rosella-red ginger in DOCA-salt-induced hypertension model rats. This study was conducted on six groups of rats (n=5), comprising one normal group and five groups of hypertension model rats. The hypertension was induced in rat models by subcutaneous administration of 30mg/kgBW of DOCA and 2% NaCl as substitute for drinking water for three weeks. The model rat groups were comprised of negative control (0.5%CMC), positive control (4.5mg/200gBW captopril), and three doses groups of roselle-red ginger extract (50:3.5mg/300gBW; 100:7mg/300gBW; and 200:14mg/300gBW). The test preparations were given by oral gavage over two weeks then blood pressure, RAAS biomarker levels, and inflammation mediator were measured. The anti-hypertensive test results indicated combination of roselle-red ginger extract containing cyanidin-3-sambubioside and 6-gingerol has antihypertensive activity as it affects systolic-diastolic blood pressure significantly at all test doses; renin level significantly at doses 50:3.5mg/300grBW and 200:14mg/300grBW; ACE activity significantly at all doses, and angiotensin II level significantly at doses 100:7mg/300grBW and 200:14mg/300grBW and IL-17A level significantly at doses 100:7mg/300grBW and 200:14mg/300grBW. The optimal dose was 100:7mg/300gBW, resulting in reductions of approximately ±45 mmHg (27.6%) in systolic and ±39 mmHg (33.2%) in diastolic blood pressure in the hypertensive rat model."

"Resep jamu kuno Au Fere II (Persea americana dan Vigna cylindrica) dari daerah Maluku dipercayai memiliki khasiat sebagai antihipertensi sejak masa lampau, meskipun belum terdapat bukti ilmiah terkait efeknya pada tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak Au Fere II terhadap kadar angiotensin II plasma pada model tikus Two-Kidney-One-Clip (2K1C). Studi dilakukan terhadap enam kelompok tikus, yaitu kelompok sham (n=4) dan lima kelompok 2K1C (n=20). Tikus 2K1C diinduksi dengan pemasangan mikroklip stainless steel 0,2 mm pada arteri ginjal kiri selama lima minggu. Kelompok tikus 2K1C (>140/100 mmHg, n=4 per kelompok) dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol negatif (2K1C: tidak diberi perlakuan), kontrol positif (CAP: kaptopril 4,5mg/200g BB), dosis 1 ekstrak Au Fere II (D1: 0,495mL/200g BB), dosis 2 (D2: 0,99mL/20g BB), dan dosis 3 (D3: 1,98mL/200g BB). Pemberian perlakuan dilakukan secara per oral sekali sehari selama satu minggu. Pemberian perlakuan tersebut memengaruhi tekanan darah dan kadar angiotensin II plasma, serta tidak memengaruhi rasio berat ginjal basah/berat badan. Tekanan darah sistolik (D1 dan D3) dan diastolik (D1, D2, dan D3) menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna jika dibandingkan terhadap kelompok 2K1C, namun tidak menunjukkan adanya aktivitas yang dose-dependent dari tiga dosis yang diujikan. D3 mengalami penurunan tekanan darah paling efektif dibandingkan dengan D1 dan D2. Selain itu, kadar angiotensin II plasma seluruh kelompok perlakuan juga lebih rendah dibandingkan terhadap kelompok 2K1C, meskipun tidak bermakna secara statistik. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa resep jamu kuno Au Fere II menunjukkan potensi sebagai antihipertensi dengan menurunkan tekanan darah dan kadar angiotensin II plasma.

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The Au Fere II ancient herbal recipe (Persea americana and Vigna cylindrica) from Maluku was believed to have antihypertensive properties since the past, although there has been no scientific proof regarded its effect on blood pressure. This study aimed to determine the effect of Au Fere II extract on angiotensin II plasma levels in the Two-Kidney-One-Clip (2K1C) rat model. The study was conducted on six groups, the sham group (n=4) and five groups of 2K1C rats (n=20). The left kidney artery was clipped with a 0.2mm stainless steel microclip for five weeks. Twenty hypertensive rats (>140/100mmHg) were assigned into five groups (n=4), negative control (2K1C: not treated), positive control (CAP: captopril 4.5mg/200g BW), dose 1 Au Fere II extract (D1: 0.495mL/200g BW), dose 2 (D2: 0.99mL/200g BW), and dose 3 (D3: 1.98mL/200g BW). The treatment was given orally once/day for one week. Au Fere II reduced blood pressure and plasma angiotensin II levels but did not affect the kidney's-wet-weight/body-weight ratio. Systolic (D1, D3) and diastolic blood pressure (D1, D2, D3) were significantly lower compared to the 2K1C group but did not show any dose-dependent activity of the three doses tested. D3 was shown the most effective reduction in blood pressure compared to D1 and D2. Angiotensin II plasma levels in all treatment groups decreased compared to the 2K1C group, although it was not statistically significant. These results suggest that Au Fere II could potentially be used as an antihypertensive by lowering blood pressure and angiotensin II plasma levels.

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