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"Triparite consultation has become widely estabilised in china and is often referred to as "Collective bargaining" by the Government and the All-China Federation of Trade

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"This book explains how collective bargaining has changed in important and lasting ways over the past decade. We are now seeing a new and powerful strain of the concession bargaining that traces its roots back to the early 1980s. The collective bargaining of the past decade can be characterized as ultra-concession bargaining because it is an intense and self-perpetuating deviation from earlier concession bargaining. Employers now act and unions react, rather than the other way around. Employers no longer have to establish a credible case of financial hardship, or commit to the traditional quid pro quo of saving jobs in return for lower labor costs, or guarantee singularity (that concession bargaining is a single even that will not have to be repeated). Not all collective bargaining occurs as this extreme variant but it has become the prevailing form. Essentially, there has been a sea change in collective bargaining in America.The book describes the transformation of collective bargaining in a lively and readable manner, avoiding academic, legalistic or technical jargon, and it will appeal to persons interested in the future directions of collective bargaining and unionism in America, (e.g., the general public, graduate and undergraduate students in human resource management and industrial relations courses, and labor relations managers and union activists and staff). The book deals with aspects of union revival as it asks whether ultra-concession bargaining is cause or outcome of the unions’ declining influence in the American economy and society. Above all, by using published reports on bargaining and interviews and surveys of bargaining settlements, the book shows where the concession bargaining is now and where it is heading.​"

"This article traces the pattern of conflict, collaboration, and compromise among trade unions, employers, political parties, executive branches, and economic research institutes in Germany, all of which have different stances regarding the introduction of a general statutory minimum wage there. This article examines the degree of political intervention in collective bargaining autonomy. First, it identifies the factors that bring about differences in stance. Second, it addresses the issue of actor independence—in particular, that of service trade unions—despite the placing of institutional factors, to establish a reference standard for the debate behind forming social movement alliances. Third, it examines the manner in which the policy's economic legitimacy is earned. We conclude that the emergence of a statutory minimum wage in Germany reflects the dynamic mix of postwar political practices in its own context with the effects of modern neoliberal economic policies."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang penemuan hukum (rechtsvinding) dalam judicial review putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 Tentang Ketenagakerjaan, khususnya hak serikat pekerja dalam satu perusahaan dalam merundingkan perjanjian kerja bersama (PKB). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan 2 metode pendekatan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan (statuta approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach) dengan desain deskriptif analitis dan analisa kualitatif serta menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data sekunder yang meliputi bahan hukum primer antara lain putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 115/PUU-VII/2009 dan peraturan perundangan-undangan yang relevan dengan penelitian; bahan hukum sekunder yang terdiri dari tulisan atau pendapat para ahli yang termuat di dalam buku-buku, atau hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang terkait penelitian ini; bahan hukum tersier seperti kamus, ensiklopedia dan indeks kumulatif. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan 3 kesimpulan. Pertama, bahwa hak berunding PKB sebelum putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 115/PUU-VII/2009 terdapat pengaturan hak berunding serikat pekerja yang menerapkan asas tunggal atau proporsional tidak terbatas (UU No.21/1954) dan opsi asas mayoritas atau proporsional tidak terbatas (UU No.13/2003) Kedua, Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 115/PUU-VII/2009 menyatakan UU No.13/2003 Pasal 120 ayat (1) dan (2) bertentangan dengan UUD 1945, dan menyatakan Pasal 120 ayat (3) sebagai konstitusional bersyarat (conditionally constitutional), yang merupakan penemuan hukum dalam pengaturan hak berunding serikat pekerja yang menerapkan asas proporsional terbatas. Ketiga, dampak dari putusan a quo antara lain bahwa sebagai pasal konstitusional bersyarat (conditionally constitutional) maka putusan ini mengandung sifat ultra petita, negative legislature, dan inkonsistensi dalam sinkronisasi horizontal dengan undang-undang yang lain yaitu UU No. 42 Tahun 2008 Tentang Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, sehingga penemuan hukum ini perlu segera ditindaklanjuti oleh fungsi legislative review berupa revisi UU a quo dengan memperhatikan jiwa putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 115/PUU-VII/2009.

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This thesis discusses the rechtsvinding in a judicial review against the decision of the Constitutional Court Act No. 13/2003 on Employment, in particular the right of trade unions in the company in negotiating a collective bargaining agreement (CBA). This study is a normative legal research by using two methods of statutory approach and the conceptual approach with analytical and descriptive design and qualitative analysis using secondary data collection techniques that include primary legal materials, among others, the decision of the Constitutional Court number 115/PUUVII/ 2009 and legislation regulations relevant to the study; secondary legal material consisting of paper or expert opinions contained in the books, or the results of previous studies related to this research; tertiary legal materials such as dictionaries, encyclopedias and a cumulative index.

The results of the study resulted in three conclusions. First, that the collective bargaining rights before the Constitutional Court decision No. 115/PUU-VII/2009 are setting the union bargaining rights which apply the single principle or proportional unlimited (Law No.21/1954) and the options of principle of majority or proportional unlimited (Law no. 13/2003) Secondly, the Constitutional Court Decision No. 115/PUU-VII/2009 declare Law No.13/2003 Article 120 paragraph (1) and (2) contrary to the 1945 Constitution, and declared Article 120 paragraph (3) as a conditionally constitutional which is the rechtsvinding in the regulation of union bargaining rights which apply the principle of proportional limited. Third, the impact of the decision a quo among others, that the conditionally constitutional then this decision contains the ultra petita, negative legislature, and inconsistencies in horizontal synchronization with other legislation, namely Law no. 42/2008 on General Election of President and Vice President, so this rechtsvinding needs to be followed up by legislative function in the form of a revised Act a quo with regarding the decision of the Constitutional Court No. 115/PUU-VII/2009."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai kedudukan hukum formulir syarat kerja dengan klausula baku terhadap perjanjian kerja bersama serta bagaimana keabsahan formulir syarat kerja dengan klausula baku tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif yang menekankan kepada penggunaan norma hukum secara tertulis. Lebih lanjut, alat pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini berupa studi dokumen terhadap data sekunder. Adapun, metode analisis yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang nantinya menghasilkan data yang bersifat deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kedudukan hukum formulir syarat kerja dengan klausula baku dikesampingkan dengan adanya ketentuan dalam perjanjian kerja bersama sebagai kaidah otonom tertinggi dalam Hukum Perburuhan, yang mengatur lebih baik dan memberikan kemanfaatan terbesar bagi pekerja/buruh serta formulir syarat kerja dengan klausula baku tersebut tidak dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar hukum yang sah dan mengikat bagi para pihak sebab bertentangan dengan syarat sahnya perjanjian dan dapat dimintakan pembatalan karena memenuhi syarat pembatalan perjanjian berdasarkan adanya penyalahgunaan keadaan. Kata Kunci: Syarat kerja, klausula baku, perjanjian kerja bersama.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses the legal status of the working conditions forms with the standard clause of the collective bargaining agreement, as well as the legality of the working conditions forms with the standard clause itself. The law research method that used is juridical normative approach in which focuses on the using of the written law norms. Furthermore, the technique of data collection in this research is document study on secondary data. Meanwhile, the method of data analysis is the qualitative method that later affects the result in form of descriptive analytical data. The result of this research concludes that the legal status of the working conditions forms with the standard clause is ruled out by the provision of the collective bargaining agreement as the highest autonomous rule in the labor law, which regulates better and gives the greatest benefit to the worker and the working conditions forms with standard clause cannot be made as a legal and binding for the parties because it is contrary to the terms of the agreement and may be requested for cancellation as it qualifies for the cancellation of the agreement based on the existence of undue influence. Keywords Work conditions, standard clause, collective bargaining agreement."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan penetapan Upah terhadap fluktuasi aliran Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) pada sektor industri di Pulau Jawa dengan menggunakan metode regresi data panel pada kurun waktu tahun 2005-2014. Dari hasil penelitian terbukti bahwa variabel upah (minimum dan relative) tidak signifikan mempengaruhi aliran FDI pada sektor industri di Pulau Jawa. Sedangkan variabel infrastruktur (panjang jalan dan distribusi listik), maupun ukuran pasar (infrastruktur perdagangan) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap aliran FDI pada sektor industri di Pulau Jawa.

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This research aims to analyze the impact of policy related to setted the wage on fluctuation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)  inflow on Industry Sector in Java Island which used regression Panel Data as the method during period 2005-2014. As the result, wage is not significantly affecting, while infrastructure (length of road and electricity distribution), moreover market size (trade infrastructure) showing the reverse impact."