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"Pada tahun 2023 Kementerian BUMN menduga adanya manipulasi laporan keuangan PT X dengan adanya pelaporan laba selama bertahun-tahun namun arus kas negatif, gagal bayar sehingga digugat pailit. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan dan pengendalian internal atas laporan keuangan (ICOFR) di PT X perusahaan dari tahun 2013-2022. Indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan diperoleh dari  perhitungan Beneish M-Score. Analisis  ICOFR dilakukan dengan skoring menggunakan manual content method terhadap 90 indikator ICOFR A Compendium of Approaches and Examples. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan pada PT X kecuali pada tahun 2020 dan 2021 dan pengendalian internal atas laporan keuangan semakin membaik dari tahun ke tahun. Nilai ICOFR yang bagus tidak menjamin laporan keuangan terbebas dari indikasi manipulasi laporan keuangan.

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In 2023, the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises suspects that there has been manipulation of the financial reports of PT X, with reporting profits for years but negative cash flow, failure to pay so that it was sued for bankruptcy. The research aims to analyze indications of manipulation of financial reports and internal control over financial reports (ICOFR) at PT X. The research uses secondary data in the form of company annual reports from 2013-2022. Indications of financial report manipulation are obtained from the Beneish M-Score calculation. ICOFR analysis is carried out by scoring using the manual content method of 90 ICOFR A Compendium of Approaches and Examples indicators. The research results show that there are indications of manipulation of financial reports except in 2020 and 2021 and internal control over financial reports is getting better from year to year. Good ICOFR score does not guarantee that financial reports are free from indications of manipulation."

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menjawab kejanggalan yang terjadi pada emiten produsen semen yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia, seperti nilai kapitalisasi pasar harga saham x jumlah saham beredar INTP yang melebihi SMGR, dimana faktanya Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income, Capactiy dan Production, SMGR melebihi INTP, demikian pula dengan nilai kapitalisasi pasar SMBR yang melambung 6 kali lebih besar dari SMCB, dimana faktanya SMCB memiliki Revenue, EBITDA, Capactiy dan Production lebih besar SMBR. Penelitian ini mencoba menelaah kinerja keuangan emiten produsen semen pada periode industri semen yang mengalami overcapacity dengan menggunakan Altman Z-Score untuk memprediksi tingkat kebangkrutan, Beneish M-Score untuk mendeteksi manajemen laba, Piotroski F-Score untuk menganalisa kelayakan kinerja keuangan, serta Dupont Analysis untuk melihat komposisi detil dari imbal hasil ekuitas Return On Equity . Kinerja keuangan emiten produsen semen pada masa overcapacity diduga kurang baik selain labanya berkualitas rendah karena diperkirakan adanya earning management dan kelayakan investasi kurang menarik.

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This Thesis aims to answer the irregularities that occur in listed cement producers which listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, such as market capitalization value share price x number of outstanding shares INTP bigger than SMGR, where in fact Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income, Capactiy and Production, SMGR exceeds INTP, as well as the market capitalization value of SMBR that skyrocketed 6 times larger than SMCB, where in fact SMCB has Revenue, EBITDA, Capactiy and Production larger than SMBR. This study attempts to examine the earnings quality of cement manufacturer in overcapacity period by Altman Z Score to predict the bankruptcy rate, Beneish M Score to detect earnings managementt, Piotroski F Score to analyze financial performance feasibility, and Dupont Analysis to see the detailed composition of returns equity Return On Equity . The financial performance of cement producers during the overcapacity period is underperformed, besides the low quality earnings caused by earning management and the investment return is not attractive."