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Isbandi Rukminto Adi
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 1998
LP-pdf
UI - Laporan Penelitian  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Kusdijono
"Lebih dari 5,000 kepala keluarga pengungsi Madura korban kerusuhan Sambas di Kalbar ditempatkan di daerah baru dalam program relokasi. Rancangan dan implementasi program pembangunan didaerah ini perlu hati-hati agar tidak mengulang kegagalan umum pembangunan selama ini, yakni meningkatnya kemiskinan, merusak lingkungan hidup, dan menimbulkan kekerasan sosial baru.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat keberhasilan intervensi program bantuan dan pemulihan bagi pengungsi Madura di Kalimantan Barat. Dengan demikian, fokus penelitian ini adalah tentang capaian program pembangunan di kawasan relokasi pengungsi Madura. Metode penelitian ini bersifat riset evaluatif dengan pendekatan kombinasi antara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Informasi yang diperoleh dari pendekatan kuantitatif dipakai sebagai informasi awal untuk penggalian lebih mendalain dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan ditiga satuan relokasi, yakni Parit Bhakti Suci, Tebang Kacang SP II, dan Parit Haji AIi. Kesemuanya berlokasi di Kecamatan Sungai Raya.
Konsep yang dirujuk dalam penelitian ini adalah model pembangunan transiormatif berkelanjutan yang diajukan terutama oleh Korten, D (2002, terjemahan) dan Jan Nederveen Pieterse, J.N (2001). Konsep tersebut dipakai untuk memeriksa apakah kebijakan Pemerintah dan implementasinya untuk membangun kembali para pengungsi di relokasi sesuai dengan model pembangunan tersebut. Hal ini perlu diamati agar pembangunan tidak mengarah kepada timbulnya kemiskinan baru dan berpotensi kearah munculnya kerusuhan baru.
Temuan lapangan menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan sarana dan prasarana masih sangat terbatas (jalan, lahan, rumah) dan dengan kualitas kurang baik atau sudah rusak. Sebagian pengungsi yang meninggalkan rumah di relokasi akibat rendahnya akses terhadap sumber daya (tanah pertanian terbatas, gambut, tanah dalam sengketa, status belum jelas).
Sebaliknya pertambahan penghuni di kawasan relokasi dicirikan oleh tinginya akses terhadap sumber daya. Dalam jangka pendek, para pengungsi di kawasan relokasi cenderung terhindar dari kemungkinan munculnya kerusuhan baru karena rendahnya intensitas interaksi dengan masyarakat luar, tetapi keterbatasan prasarana pembangunan juga membuat kapasitas mereka sangat rendah untuk berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan. Sebaliknya upaya rekonsiliasi telah banyak diupayakan baik oleh Pemerintah maupun lembaga-lembaga non Pemerintah. Namun, para pengungsi di relokasi sementara ini tidak berminat untuk kembali ke tempat asal mereka, melainkan menghendaki bantuan Pemerintah agar mereka dapat menjual asset fisik yang mereka tinggalkan. Perlu adanya intervensi lebih lanjut untuk issue tersebut.
Selain Pemerintah, banyak lembaga internasional dan sedikit lembaga swadaya masyarakat (LSM) ambil bagian dalam pembangunan kembali pengungsi di relokasi sejak awa] penempatan. Program pembinaan pengungsi dari Pemerintah selesai tahun 2002, sedangkan program lembaga internasional umumnya selesai pada tahun 2004, kecuali CRS yang bekerja sama dengan LSM lokal melanjutkan dengan program pertanian berkelanjutan dan peace building.
Indikasi pembangunan transformative-berkelanjutan sejauh ini belum muncul. Partisipasi masyarakat baru muncul sebagai akibat intervensi program sebatas "respons" terhadap intervensi. Program belum mampu mendorong munculnya inisiatif masyarakat untuk turut mengendalikan kebijakan dan intervensi program yang terkait dengan upaya perbaikan kehidupan mereka (transformasi sosial). Ini dapat dimaklumi karena kapasitas mereka masih sangat terbatas, perlu ada pemberdayaan dengan membangun prasarana dan ruang inisiatif lebih luas, serta peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat pengungsi.
Direkomendasikan bahwa dalam jangka pendek, Pemerintah dan pihak lain tidak mendorong terjadinya pemulangan kembali pengungsi ke tempat asal, melainkan terus melanjutkan untuk membangun prasarana dan sarana (transportasi, perbaikan rumah), legalitas tanah, dan membangun kapasitas (kemampuan) para pengungsi dalam konteks peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan, serta ruang untuk berinisiatif dan ambil bagian dalam pembangunan. Untuk jangka waktu menengah Pemerintah dan agen pembangunan lain direkomendasikan untuk mendorong upaya rekonsiliasi dikalangan tokoh masyarakat terkait, serta dalam jangka panjang perlu diupayakan repatriasi para pengungsi Madura."
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2006
T21704
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ibnu Hamad
"Banyak cara orang mencapai bulan. Orang Amerika Serikat menuju bulan dengan peswat Apollo. Orang Rusia menggunakan Soyuz. Dengan teknologi canggih mereka melesat ke ruang angkasa. Lain lagi dengan orang Cina. Mereka membuat tangga manusia: satu orang berdiri di atas pundak yang lain sambng menyambung membentuk formasi tangga manusia yang tinggi sekali hingga menembus cakrawala. Sampailan mereka ke bulan."
2006
TJPI-V-2-MeiAugust2006-1
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Craig, Dorothy Valcarcel
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2009
370.72 CRA a
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Erna Widjajati
"In its development of the last three years, there has been a new phenomenon in Indonesia jurisdiction; i.e. public claims made using a class action procedure. The utilization of such a procedure has been made so frequently and obtained legal forces because it has got us opportunity and justification in a variety of Indonesian legislations; among other things: law no. 23, 1997 concerning environmental management, law no. 8, 1999 regarding consumer protection and law no. 41 governing forestry followed up by a litigation procedure through the supreme court?s regulation no. 1, 2002. such a regulation has bridged the concept and legal theory which is subsequently used to execute .civil dalm procedures since there has been a shift from using an individual model to using a representative one. before the supreme court issued this regulation, courts had always' rejected collective claims on the ground that Indonesias civil law, especially section 123 of hir, a revised indonesia's law, stated that such claims could be brought up their claimants or by hiring Iavvyers. without a special authorization, however, lawyers could not represent class interest to be in session of court now, on the basis of article 4 of supreme court regulation to represent a ciass interest, the representative is not required to have this special authorization from the group he represents. social groups having the some case shoulclnot bring their case individually to prevent a recurrent case from happening. this oollective claim, class action, can be made at a lower cost so that the general public may bring their claims to court. in addition, to void mutually controversial verdicts, when each individual make his own claim, class action constitutes to be a more effident procedure. class action as a litigation procedure has its historical, social and cultural background in the common law system. therefore, class action as an effort of civil law reform in Indonesia has a tendency toward the civil law system; from legal comparison viewpoint, lt requires brillian thoughts on the part of judges in order to implement the existing laws actively; let alone, when we consider that the supreme court regulation no. 1, 2002 is but a way of transferring on America or Australian model. on the other hand, class action as a legal protection over Indonesian communities can be exercised as a social control; i.e. as social norms against deviant behaviours and their effects that include prohibitions, demands, condemnation and compensation. dispude resolution procedures with regard to compensation over unlawful deeds in class action should be prepared in detail, covering mechanism of its distribution for all members of a class including suggestions on court proving or panel to help distribute compensation more smoothly. when a compensation demand is approved, a judge isobliged to decide in detail the class grouping, compensation distribution mechanism`and steps to be taken by class representatives such as the obligation of notification. among the frequent cases are environmental function recovery, waste management improvement, pollution source eradication, compensation for the affected group and attitudinal changes among law breakers.
Besides, class action as a tool of social engineering, that is, when a gap between law and social change appears, should find its solution whereas class action as a social emancipation means the equal right among various aspects of social life.based on the fact that court decision in class action is binding to all, any interest group using this procedure should help reduce administrative problems. this new phenomenon in Indonesia jurisdiction, public claims using a class action procedure, ls relevant to Frederick Calvert's theory. the people?s interest represented by a class action is in accordance with the theoiy of utilitarianism proposed by Jeremy Bentham. judges, accordingly, should make their decision on the basis of equilibrium principle between individual and collective interests as put forward by John Rawls In his theory of justice. rules are then needed to avoid a conflict of interests, between individual and collective ones. law as an umpire is indispensable."
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2004
D1038
UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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David Irmantius
"Skripsi ini membahas gejala penipisan perbedaan konsep wanprestasi dengan konsep perbuatan melawan hukum yang ditandai dengan penggunaan konsep perbuatan melawan hukum pada pembatalan perjanjian sepihak. Di dalamnya akan dibahas mengenai bagaimana suatu konsep perbuatan melawan hukum dapat diterapkan dalam sengketa pembatalan perjanjian sepihak, selain itu juga akan dibahas mengenai konsep ganti rugi yang digunakan. Untuk lebih memahami penerapan gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum ini, akan dianalisa beberapa putusan dari sengketa pembatalan perjanjian sepihak yang digugat dengan perbuatan melawan hukum. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridisnormatif, yaitu penelitian dengan lebih mengutamakan data sekunder, khususnya terhadap bahan hukum primer berupa putusan pengadilan.

This thesis discusses the indications of subtle difference between default concept and illegal action concept shown with the use of illegal action concept on the unilateral cancellation of agreement. It will not only discuss how an illegal action concept can be applied in a dispute over the unilateral cancellation of agreement, but it will also discuss the concept of compensation used. To better understand the application of lawsuit over illegal action, an analysis of several decisions of the dispute over the unilateral cancellation of agreements challenged for the reason of illegal action will be carried out. This research is a judicial normative research having priority over secondary data, particularly in primary legal materials in the form of a court decision."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S45317
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Erna Widjajati
"ABSTRAK
in its development of the last three years, there has been a new phenomenon in Indonesia jurisdiction; i.e. public claims made using a class action procedure. The utilization of such a procedure has been made so frequently and obtained legal forces because it has got us opportunity and justification in a variety of Indonesian legislations; among other things: law no. 23, 1997 concerning environmental management, law no. 8, 1999 regarding consumer protection and law no. 41 governing forestry followed up by a litigation procedure through the supreme court?s regulation no. 1, 2002. such a regulation has bridged the concept and legal theory which is subsequently used to execute .civil dalm procedures since there has been a shift from using an individual model to using a representative one. before the supreme court issued this regulation, courts had always' rejected collective claims on the ground that Indonesias civil law, especially section 123 of hir, a revised indonesia's law, stated that such claims could be brought up their claimants or by hiring Iavvyers. without a special authorization, however, lawyers could not represent class interest to be in session of court now, on the basis of article 4 of supreme court regulation to represent a ciass interest, the representative is not required to have this special authorization from the group he represents. social groups having the some case shoulclnot bring their case individually to prevent a recurrent case from happening. this oollective claim, class action, can be made at a lower cost so that the general public may bring their claims to court. in addition, to void mutually controversial verdicts, when each individual make his own claim, class action constitutes to be a more effident procedure. class action as a litigation procedure has its historical, social and cultural background in the common law system. therefore, class action as an effort of civil law reform in Indonesia has a tendency toward the civil law system; from legal comparison viewpoint, lt requires brillian thoughts on the part of judges in order to implement the existing laws actively; let alone, when we consider that the supreme court regulation no. 1, 2002 is but a way of transferring on America or Australian model. on the other hand, class action as a legal protection over Indonesian communities can be exercised as a social control; i.e. as social norms against deviant behaviours and their effects that include prohibitions, demands, condemnation and compensation. dispude resolution procedures with regard to compensation over unlawful deeds in class action should be prepared in detail, covering mechanism of its distribution for all members of a class including suggestions on court proving or panel to help distribute compensation more smoothly. when a compensation demand is approved, a judge isobliged to decide in detail the class grouping, compensation distribution mechanism`and steps to be taken by class representatives such as the obligation of notification. among the frequent cases are environmental function recovery, waste management improvement, pollution source eradication, compensation for the affected group and attitudinal changes among law breakers.
besides, class action as a tool of social engineering, that is, when a gap between law and social change appears, should find its solution whereas class action as a social emancipation means the equal right among various aspects of social life.based on the fact that court decision in class action is binding to all, any interest group using this procedure should help reduce administrative problems. this new phenomenon in Indonesia jurisdiction, public claims using a class action procedure, ls relevant to Frederick Calvert's theory. the people?s interest represented by a class action is in accordance with the theoiy of utilitarianism proposed by Jeremy Bentham. judges, accordingly, should make their decision on the basis of equilibrium principle between individual and collective interests as put forward by John Rawls In his theory of justice. rules are then needed to avoid a conflict of interests, between individual and collective ones. law as an umpire is indispensable."
2004
D690
UI - Disertasi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ismah Naqiyyah
"Penelitian ini membahas perkembangan pengaturan tindakan afirmasi untuk meningkatkan keterwakilan perempuan pada DPR RI dan bagaimana pelaksanaan pengaturan tersebut sejak awal tindakan afirmasi diterapkan pada tahun 2004, hingga terakhir kali tindakan afirmasi untuk DPR diterapkan, yaitu pada tahun 2014. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan sejarah hukum. Pembahasan dimulai dengan menganalisis tindakan afirmasi pada Undang-Undang Partai Politik, Undang-Undang Pemilihan Umum Anggota DPR, DPD, dan DPRD, dan Undang-Undang Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah. Selain itu penelitian ini akan membahas pelaksanaan undang-undang tersebut dengan menganalisis peraturan pelaksanaannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua bentuk tindakan afirmasi untuk perempuan masuk ke dalam DPR RI, yaitu melalui kuota partai politik dan kuota pada proses pencalonan legislatif. Setiap periode pengisian jabatan DPR, peraturan mengenai tindakan afirmasi perempuan tersebut selalu berubah. Namun dengan adanya perubahan-perubahan tersebut, belum menghasilkan peningkatan keterwakilan perempuan yang signifikan di DPR RI.

This research discusses about the development of affirmative action regulations in the increase of women's representation in the House of Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat/DPR) of Republic of Indonesia and how the implementation of the regulations since the beginning of affirmative action was applied from 2004 until the last time affirmative action for DPR was implemented in 2014. The research method used is normative juridical with a legal history approach. The discussion begins by analyzing the affirmative action on the Acts of Political Parties, the Acts of the Election for Members of DPR, the Regional Representatives Council (Dewan Perwakilan Daerah/DPD) and the Local People’s Representatives Council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah/DPRD), and the Acts of Representatives Council Institutions. In addition, this research will also discuss about the implementation of the regulations by analyzing the implementative regulations. The results of the research show that there are two forms of affirmative action for women to enter DPR, i.e.: through quotas of political parties and quotas in the process of legislative candidacy. In every period of DPR, the regulations on women's affirmative actions have been continuesly changing. However, with those changes, the regulations have not succeeded to increase women's representation in DPR significantly."
Depok: Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2017
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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